Chapter 35. What’s Going Down +First Aid? +EMS +Good Samaritan +Plan +Universal Precautions...
-
Upload
alyson-morgan -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of Chapter 35. What’s Going Down +First Aid? +EMS +Good Samaritan +Plan +Universal Precautions...
What’s Going Down
+ First Aid?+ EMS+ Good Samaritan+ Plan+ Universal Precautions
+ Primary Concerns+ Secondary Concerns+ Types of Injuries+ Treatment
FIRST AID
The immediate, temporary care given to
an ill or injured person until professional
medical care can be provided.
E M S
Emergency Medical Services+ Doctors+ Nurses+ First Responders+ EMT’s+ 911 Dispatcher+ Police+ Firemen
Your Role in the EMS System
1) Recognize that an emergency exists
2) Decide to act
3) Call 911
4) Provide care until help arrives
Good Samaritan Law
Legal protection to people who provide emergency care to ill or injured persons.
Acts reasonable and prudent.
Call
+ 911
+ Emergency phone numbers
+ Info for Dispatcher+ Exact location+ Telephone #+ What happened+ # of victims+ Condition of victim(s)+ What help is being given
Universal Precautions(BSI)
Actions taken to prevent the spread of disease by treating all blood and other
body fluids as if they contained pathogens.
+ Gloves
+ Face Shields
+ Masks
+ Gowns
Care
+ Get permission to help victim
+ Care for life-threatening emergencies 1st
+ Calm / reassure victim
+ Watch for changes in victims breathing
+ Help victim rest comfortably
Open Wounds
+ Abrasion: scrape – damage to the outer layer of skin
+ Laceration: cut – caused by a sharp edge objects (knife, glass)
+ Puncture: wound caused when pointed object pierces skin (pin, nail)
+ Avulsion: results when tissue is separated partly from person’s body
First Aid for Bleeding
1. Stop the bleeding• Direct pressure, pressure points, elevate
2. Protect the wound
3. Treat for shock
4. Get Help
Shock
Failure of the cardiovascular system to keep adequate blood circulation to the vital
organs of the body.
Keep victim calm, lie them down, maintain normal body temperature, get medical help ASAP. Elevate legs if possible.
Secondary Concerns
+ Burns+ Nosebleeds+ Frostbite+ Heat Emergencies+ Snakebites
+ Fractures+ Sprains+ Unconsciousness+ Concussion
Burns
First DegreeSuperficial burns, top
layer of skin.
Ex. sunburn
Tx: Cool water
Second DegreeSeveral layers of skin
involved
Blisters
Tx: Cool water.Beware of infection
around broken blisters
Third Degree Burns
• Most serious type of burn• Can destroy all layers of skin as well as
nerves, muscles, fat and bones. The burn will look black or brown (red and white).
• Tx: Do not clean burned area. Cover with clean cloth and get help ASAP. Watch for breathing.
Frostbite
• Don’t rub the area.
• Soak area in warm water.
• Bandage the injured part, placing sheets of gauze between the warmed fingers and toes.
• Seek professional help.
Heat Emergencies HEATSTROKE
Look for lack of perspiration and vomiting, confusion,
irregular pulse. Victim may lose consciousness.
*Get victim to a cool area.*Place icepacks around the
neck, groin and under the arms.
*Get medical help.
HEAT CRAMPS
Move victim out of the heat.
Apply pressure to the cramped area.
Give the victim sips of water or a sports
drink.
Snakebites
• Go to hospital/call for help
• Keep bitten area below the heart
• No cold! No alcohol, sedatives or aspirin!
• Watch breathing.
FRACTURES• Keep the bone ends from moving.
(splint, rolled newspapers, cardboard)
• Don’t try to set the bone.
• Seek medical help immediately.
ConcussionA jarring injury to the brain that affects normal brain function.
Tx: Monitor breathing, heart rate, seek help
UnconsciousnessCondition in which a person is not
alert and aware of his or her surroundings (Fainting)
Tx: Lie victim down, elevate legs, seek help. Monitor breathing & circulation