Chapter 3 section 1States of Matter

Solids -

Solids- have a definite (exact) shape and definite volume.

ex: your science book has a cubed shape and has a volume (L x W x H) of =____, and is a solid.

Why a volcano picture in your book?

Particles of a solid

The particles of a solid are packed tightly together, and each particle is set in 1 position. Their movement is small, they can only vibrate. (It’s like a school of fish they all move together)

Ex: hit the tablePush your knuckles together, this is howsolid particles move.

Types of Solids

Crystalline solids- solids that are formed with regular particle pattern. ◦Crystalline solids melt at the same

temperature. (ex: salt, sugar, snow)

Amorphous solids- solids that form NO regular pattern. (ex: plastics, rubber, glass) ◦Does not melt at distinct temperature.

◦ How do crystalline and amorphous solids differ?

Particles in a liquid http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html

Particles in a liquid are as tightly packed as solid particles the DIFFERENCE is that liquid particles can collide and move past one another.

Liquid particles have more amount of movement than solids. ◦Move your hands as if you were washing them

under water. This is the manner in which liquid particles move amongst each other.

Fluid- substance that flows. Liquids are fluid.

Properties of Liquid

Surface tension◦An inward pull among moleculesof a liquid that bring the moleculeson the surface closer together.

Viscosity- a liquid’s resistance to flowing. ◦ Depends on the particles size, shape and

attraction to other particles. HIGH VISCOSITY- slow flowing. Ex of HIGH VISCOSITY- Honey, syrup. Oil, candle

wax, etc. Ex of LOW VISCOSITY- water, vinegar,

Gases

Gas- can change volume very easily.

Like a liquid gas is a fluid. Ex: While breathing gas takes many shapes.

Gas particles collide frequently and are free to move independently

LiquidsA liquid has a definite volume but

has no shape of its own. (It takes on the shape of their container)

Liquids, just like solids, have a definite volume. ◦Example you have 16 oz. of soda in a

can pour it all into your glass and you still have 16 oz. of soda. But, does the shape remain the same?

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Chapter 10/9

States of Matter in particle form

http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/studyjams/matter_states/