Chapter 3 Application Software Chapter 3 Objectives

Chapter 3Application Software

Chapter 3 Objectives

Define application software

Understand how system software interacts with

application software

Identify the role of the user interface

Explain how to start a software application Identify various products

available as Web applications

Describe the learning aids available with many software

applications

Identify the widely used products and explain key

features of productivity/business

software applications, graphic design/multimedia software

applications, home/personal/educational software applications, and communications software

applications

p. 3.2

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To facilitate communications

To support household activities,

for personal business, or for

education

As a productivity/business tool

To assist with graphics and multimedia

projects

Application Software

Programs that perform specific tasks for users

Also called a software application or an application

Several reasons to use application software

What is application software?

p. 3.2

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What are the categories of application software?

p. 3.2 Fig. 3-1

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What is a software package? A specific

software product, such as Microsoft Word

Available through retail, shareware, freeware, and public-domain

p. 3.2

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What is system software? Programs that

control the operations of the computer and its devices

Serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer's hardware

p. 3.3 Fig. 3-2

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While the computer is running, the operating system remains in memory until power is removed from the computer

The operating system tells the computer how to perform functions


What is an operating system? A type of system software Contains instructions that coordinate all the activities

among computer hardware devices

Start the computer and the operating system (usually found on the computer’s hard disk drive) is loaded, or copied into memory

p. 3.2

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What is a utility program? Also called a utility A type of system

software that performs a specific task

Usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs

p. 3.3

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What is an antivirus program? A utility that prevents, detects, and removes viruses

from a computer’s memory or storage devices A virus is a

program that copies itself into other programs and spreads through multiple computers

Some viruses destroy or corrupt data

p. 3.3 Fig. 3-3

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Technology Trailblazer

Paul Allen Co-founded Microsoft

with Bill Gates Became head of

research and new product development

Serves as a senior strategy adviser to top Microsoft executives

Click to view Web Linkthen click Paul Allen

p. 3.5

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http://scsite.com/dc2002/people.htm

A graphical user interface (GUI) combines text, graphics, and other visual images to make software easier to use


What is a user interface? Controls how you enter data or instructions and

how information displays on the screen

p. 3.4

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What is the desktop? On-screen

work area that can display graphical elements• Icons• Buttons• Windows• Menus• Links• Dialog

boxes

PointerSmall symbol on the screen

To click an object, you move the pointer to the object and then press and release a button on the mouse

IconsSmall images that display to

represent a program, a document, or some other object

ButtonsGraphical elements that you can

activate to cause a specific action to take placep. 3.4 Fig. 3-4

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A command is an instruction that causes a computer program to perform a specific action

A submenu is a menu that displays when you point to a command on a previous menu

A menu contains commands you can select


What is a menu?

Accessories submenu

Paint program command

Start button

Programs submenu

Start menu

command

p. 3.5 Fig. 3-5

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How can you start an application? Click its program name on a menu or submenu

Click a program command name

Instructs the operating system to start the application

Transfers the program from a storage medium into memory

p. 3.6

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What are features of an application window? A window is a

rectangular area of the screen that displays a program, data, and/or information

Paint window

title bar

toolbar

A title bar is a horizontal space that contains the window’s name

p. 3.6 Fig. 3-6

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What is a dialog box? A special window

a program displays to provide information, present available options, or request a response

text box

check box

command buttons

option buttons

Print dialog box

p. 3.6 Fig. 3-7

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Word Processing

Spreadsheet

Database

Presentation Graphics

Personal Information Manager

Software Suite

Project Management

Accounting

Productivity Software

What is productivity software? Software

that assists people in becoming more effective and efficient while performing daily activities

p. 3.7 Fig. 3-8

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Company on the Cutting Edge

Supplies top-rated software for personal computers

Ninety-five percent of personal computers run at least one Microsoft application

The world’s leading productivity software developer

Click to view Web Linkthen clickMicrosoft

p. 3.7

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http://scsite.com/dc2002/companies.htm

kkdocument displays in word processing

window

printed document


What is word processing software? Allows users

to create and manipulate documents that contain text and graphics

One of the most widely used types of application software

p. 3.8 Fig. 3-9

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What is clip art? A collection

of drawings, diagrams, and photographs that you can insert into documents

p. 3.8 Fig. 3-9

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What are some word processing features?

Specify marginsThe portion of the page outside the main body

of text

Word wrapSoftware automatically

positions text at the beginning of the next line when it extends

beyond the right page margin

ScrollingProcess of moving

different portions of the document on

the screen into view

p. 3.8

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The house was deep in a secluded part of the woods. The trees surrounded the porch in a protective circle. Small clusters of pink and white flowers lined the walk leading up to the door.

find or searchfind or search

secluded

replacereplace

remote


What is a major advantage of using a word processor?

You can easily change what you have written

Insert, delete, or rearrange words, sentences, paragraphs or entire sections

p. 3.9

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reviews the spelling of

inividal words


What is a spelling checker? Reviews the

spelling of individual words, sections of a document, or the entire document

inividal

reviews the spelling of

individual words

p. 3.9

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What are headers and footers?


Page 3.9

Productivity software is software that assists people in becoming more effective and efficient while performing daily activities. Productivity software includes applications such as word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation graphics, personal information manager, software suite, accounting, and project management.

footer

Footer• Text that appears at

the bottom of each page

May include• Page numbers• Company names• Report titles• Dates

header

Header• Text that appears at

the top of each page

p. 3.9

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What are other popular word processing features?

autocorrect

autoformat

collaboration

columns

grammar checker

macros mail merge

templates

tables

thesaurus

tracking changes

voice recognition

Web page developmentp. 3.9

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printing

process of sending a file to a printer to generate output on a

medium such as paper

saving

process of copying a document from memory to a storage

medium such as a floppy disk or hard disk

editing

process of making changes to a document’s

existing content

formatting

changing the appearance of a document


What are the stages of developing a document?

creating

developing the document by entering text or numbers,

inserting graphical images, and performing other tasks using

an input device

p. 3.10

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What is the clipboard? A temporary storage location used for cut,

copy, and paste

Cut

Remove a portion of the document and store it on the

Clipboard

Paste

Place items stored on the clipboard into the

document

Copy

Duplicate a portion of the document and

store it on the Clipboard

Click to view animation

p. 3.10

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What is a font?

Font styles

Font style adds emphasis to a font such as bold, italic, and underline

Font size specifies the size or the characters in a particular font in points• A single point is

about 1/72 of an inch in height

font size

font A name assigned to a

specific design of characters

p. 3.10 Fig. 3-11

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A file name is a unique combination of letters of the alphabet, numbers, and other characters that identifies the file

The title bar of a document window usually displays the file name


What is a file? A named collection of data, instructions, or information Each file has a file name file name on

title barfile name on

title bar

p. 3.10

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Step 1:Say, “Dictation” to instruct the

program you will be dictating. Say, “Car for sale”.

Step 2:Say, “Voice Command” to instruct the

program you will be issuing commands. Say, “Center”.

Step 3:Say, “Font”.

Step 4:Say, “Algerian” and then say,

“Font Size”.

Step 5:Say, “Forty Eight” and then say,

“Font Color”.

Step 6:Say, “Green” and then say,

“End”.

The computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken words


What is voice recognition?

p. 3.11 Fig. 3-12

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What is spreadsheet software? Allows you to

organize data in rows and columns

Performs calculations on this data

Rows and columns collectively called a worksheet

Click to view Web Linkthen click Spreadsheet Software

p. 3.12 Fig. 3-13

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http://scsite.com/dc2002/ch3/weblink.htm


How is a spreadsheet organized?columnscolumns Data is organized

vertically into columns identified by letters

rowsrows

Data is organized horizontally into rows identified by numbers

cellcell

A cell is the intersection of a column and row identified by the column letter and row number

• ex. A19Click to view animation

p. 3.12 Fig. 3-13

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34,299.00

21%

$52.49

16 Formula

Performs calculations on the data in the worksheet and displays the resulting

value in a cell


What can a cell contain?

Value

Number

Label

Text that identifies the data and helps

organize the worksheet

November

Total

Expenses

Savings

=C4+C5+C6+C7+C8

=A3*4

=(C6-B6)/A2

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What is a function? A predefined formula that performs common

calculations

SUM

=C4+C5+C6+C7+C8 =SUM(C4:C8)

MINRATEROUND

LOG ABSTIME DAT

E

MAXCOUNT

AVERAG

E

SUMSQ

RT

FVIF

STDEV

NPV

PMTPV

NOW

INT

LNp. 3.14

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What is a macro? A sequence of

keystrokes and instructions you record and save

Run the macro to perform the sequence of saved keystrokes and instructions

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What is recalculation? The capability of recalculating the rest of the worksheet

when data in a worksheet changes What-if analysis is a process in which you change

certain values in a spread sheet in order to reveal the effects of those changes

ExpensesFreshman Sophomore Junior Senior Total

Room & Board 3,290.00$ 3,454.50$ 3,627.23$ 3,808.59$ 14,180.32$ Tuition & Books 4,850.00 5,092.50 5,347.13 5,614.48 20,904.11 Clothes 490.00 514.50 540.23 567.24 2,111.97 Entertainment 635.00 666.75 700.09 735.09 2,736.93 Miscellaneous 325.00 341.25 358.31 376.23 1,400.79 Total 9,590.00$ 10,069.50$ 10,572.99$ 11,101.63$ 41,334.12$

Projected College Cash Flow AnalysisNew data entered

New data entered

ExpensesFreshman Sophomore Junior Senior Total

Room & Board 3,290.00$ 3,454.50$ 3,627.23$ 3,808.59$ 14,180.32$ Tuition & Books 10,000.00 10,500.00 11,000.00 11,500.00 43,000.00 Clothes 490.00 514.50 540.23 567.24 2,111.97 Entertainment 635.00 666.75 700.09 735.09 2,736.93 Miscellaneous 325.00 341.25 358.31 376.23 1,400.79 Total 14,740.00$ 15,477.00$ 16,225.86$ 16,987.15$ 63,430.01$

Projected College Cash Flow AnalysisNew data entered

New data entered

Totals recalculated

Totals recalculated

p. 3.13

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What is charting? Allows you to display spreadsheet data in a

chart that shows the relationship of data in graphical form

line chartline chart

pie chartpie chart

column chart

column chart

p. 3.14 Fig. 3-15

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Technology Trailblazer

Dan Bricklin Developed

VisiCalc, the first electronic spreadsheet

Formed the Software Arts company with Bob Frankston

Click to view Web Linkthen click Dan Bricklin

p. 3.14

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http://scsite.com/dc2002/people.htm


What is a database? A collection

of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data

Click to view Web Linkthen click Database Software

p. 3.15 Fig. 3-16

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What is database software? Also called a database management system

(DBMS) Allows you to create, access, and manage a

database

add, change, and delete data

sort and retrieve data

create forms and reports

using the data

p. 3.16

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What are the parts of a database?

Click to view Web Linkthen click Database Software

Item tableItem table

Supplier table

Supplier table

A collection of data stored in tables

recordsrecords

A record is a row in a table that contains information about a given person, product, or event

fieldsfields

A field is a column in a table that contains a specific piece of information within a record

p. 3.15 Fig. 3-16

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How is a database organized? Records and fields in a table are described

by the table structure

Supplier table structure

Supplier table structure

Item table structure

Item table structure

p. 3.16 Fig. 3-17

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What does the structure contain?

• Text: letters, numbers, or special characters

• Numeric: numbers only

• Currency: dollar and cent amounts

• Date: month, day, and year information

• Memo: lengthy text entries

• Hyperlink: Web address that links to a document or a Web page

• Object: picture, audio, video, or a document created in other applications

field name

A unique name that identifies

each field

field size

The maximum number of characters that a particular

field can contain

data type

The kind of data a field can contain and how the

field is used

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How is data entered or modified? Data is entered using a data entry form Entering individual records is known as populating the table Validation is the process of comparing the data to a set of

rules or values to determine if the data is correct

p. 3.17 Fig. 3-18

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How is data manipulated to generate information?

Sort or organize a set of records in a particular order Retrieve information using a query, or request for specific

data• A query retrieves data by identifying criteria, which are

restrictions the data must meet Produces reports based on criteria the user supplies

p. 3.17 Fig. 3-19

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What is presentation graphics software? Allows you to create documents called presentations

Sometimes called a slide show

Can be displayed on a large monitor or on a projection screen

p. 3.18 Fig. 3-20

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What is slide sorter view? Used to help organize the presentation You can view small versions of all the slides

p. 3.18 Fig. 3-21

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Handouts to distribute to audience members

Notes page to help a speaker deliver the presentation


What output formats are available for a presentation ?

Outline of the text from each slide

p. 3.19 Fig. 3-22

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What is a personal information manager (PIM)? A software application that

includes an appointment calendar, address book, notepad, and other features

Helps to organize personal information

Most handheld computers have PIM functions

You can synchronize, or transfer information between the handheld computer and a desktop computer

handheld computer

p. 3.20 Fig. 3-23

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What is a software suite? A collection of individual applications sold as

a single package You install the entire collection of applications

at once Two major advantages:

ease of use

lower cost

p. 3.20

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What is project management software? Allows you to plan, schedule, track, and analyze

the events, resources, and costs of a project

p. 3.21 Fig. 3-24

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What is accounting software? Helps companies record and report their financial

transactions

Newer packages support online direct deposit and payroll services

p. 3.21 Fig. 3-25

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Graphics and Multimedia Software

What are some popular graphics and multimedia software products?

Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

Desktop Publishing (Professional)

Paint/Image Editing (Professional)

Video and Audio Editing

Multimedia Authoring

Web Page Authoring

p. 3.22 Fig. 3-26

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What is computer-aided design (CAD)? A sophisticated

type of application software that assists a professional user in creating engineering, architectural, and scientific designs

p. 3.22 Fig. 3-27

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What is desktop publishing software (professional)?

Enables professional designers to design and produce sophisticated documents that contain text, graphics, and brilliant colors

p. 3.23 Fig. 3-28

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What are some features of desktop publishing software?

page layout

the process of arranging text and

graphics in a document on a

page-by-page basis

color library

a standard set of colors used by designers and

printers to ensure that colors will print exactly as

specifiedp. 3.23

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Company on the Cutting Edge

Adobe

Produces award-winning software used to create and deliver the majority of Web images today

Products include Photoshop, Illustrator, GoLive, LiveMotion, PageMill, Streamline, and PageMaker

Click to view Web Linkthen clickAdobe

p. 3.23

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http://scsite.com/dc2002/companies.htm


What is paint/image editing software (professional)?

Used to create and modify graphical images

Sometime called illustration software

Image editing software provides the capabilities of paint software as well as the capability to modify existing images

Click to view Web Linkthen click Paint/Image Editing Software

p. 3.24 Fig. 3-29

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What is video and audio editing software? Video consists of full-motion images played back at various

speeds

Video editing software allows you to modify a segment of a video, called a clip

Audio is any music, speech, or other sound stored and produced by the computer

Audio editing software allows you to modify audio clips

p. 3.25 Fig. 3-30

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What is multimedia authoring software? Also called authorware Allows you to combine

text, graphics, audio, video, and animation into an interactive presentation

Multimedia presentations often are interactive computer-based presentations or Web-based presentations designed to facilitate learning and elicit direct student participation

p. 3.25 Fig. 3-31

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What is Web page authoring software? Helps users of

all skill levels create fascinating Web pages that include graphical images, video, audio, animation, and other special effects

p. 3.25

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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat software products are

available for home, personal, and educational use?

Integrated SoftwarePersonal Finance

Legal

Tax Preparation

Desktop Publishing

Paint/Image Editing

Clip Art/Image Gallery

Home Design/Landscaping

Reference

p. 3.26 Fig. 3-32

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Less expensive

Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is integrated software?

Software that combines applications such as word processing, spreadsheet, and database into a single, easy-to-use package

Applications use a similar interface

and share common features

Applications typically do not have all the

capabilities of stand-alone productivity

software applications

Each application is available only through the integrated software

packagep. 3.27

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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is personal finance software?

A simplified accounting program Helps home users and

small office/home office users balance their checkbook, pay bills, track personal income and expenses, track investments, and evaluate financial plans

Online banking allows you to transfer money electronically from your checking or credit card accounts to payees’ accounts

Click to view Web Link then click Personal Finance Software

p. 3.27 Fig. 3-33

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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is legal software?

Assists in the preparation of legal documents

Provides legal advice to individuals, families, and small businesses

p. 3.28 Fig. 3-34

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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is tax preparation software?

Guides individuals, families, or small businesses through the process of filing federal taxes

Some allow you to file your tax forms electronically

p. 3.28 Fig. 3-35

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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is desktop publishing software (personal)?

Easy-to-understand DTP software designed for smaller-scale desktop publishing projects

p. 3.29 Fig. 3-36

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Allows you to draw or modify pictures, shapes, and other images

Photo-editing software allows you to edit digital photographs by removing red-eye, adding special effects, or creating electronic photo albums

Online print services will send high-resolution printed images through the postal service

Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is paint/image editing software (personal)?

An easy-to-use interface, frequently containing simple draw or editing features.

p. 3.29 Fig. 3-37

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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is clip art/image gallery software?

A collection of clip art and photographs

Some have links to clips available on the Web

May provide fonts, animations, sounds, video clips,and audio clips

Click to view Web Link then click Clip Art/Image Galleries

p. 3.30 Fig. 3-38

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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is home design/landscaping software?

Assists with the design or remodeling of a home, deck, or landscape

Many will print a material list outlining costs and quantities for the entire project

p. 3.31 Fig. 3-39

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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is educational software?

Software that teaches a particular skill

Computer-based training (CBT) is a type of education in which students learn by using and completing exercises with instructional software• Also called computer-

aided instructionClick to view video

p. 3.31

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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is reference software?

Provides valuable and thorough information for all individuals

Click to view Web Linkthen click Reference Software

Includes encyclopedias, dictionaries, health/medical guides, and travel directories

p. 3.31 Fig. 3-40

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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is entertainment software?

Interactive games Videos Programs

designed to support a hobby or provide amusement and enjoyment

Click to view video

p. 3.31

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E-mail

or electronic mail

Transmission of messages via a computer network

such as a local area network or the Internet

E-mail software lets you create, send, receive,

forward, store, print, and delete e-mail messages

Web browser

or browser

Allows you to access and view

Web pages on the Internet

Chat room

Permits users to chat with each other via the

computer

Some support voice chats and video chats

Newsgroup

Also called a discussion

Online area on the Web where users conduct written discussions

about a particular subject

You use a software program called a newsreader to participate in a

newsgroup

Instant messaging (IM)

Real-time communications services that notifies you when one or more people

are online

Allows you to exchange messages or files with

them or join a private chat room

Groupware

A software application that helps groups of

people work together and share information over a

network

Videoconference

A meeting between two or more geographically separated people who use a network or the Internet to transmit audio and video data

Home users can make a video telephone call where both parties

see each other as they talk

Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat software facilitates communication?

E-mail

Web browsers

Chat rooms

Newsgroups

Instant messaging

Groupware

Videoconferencing

Click to view Web Linkthen click Groupware

Click to view animation

p. 3.31

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Some Web applications store your data and information at their site

To access a Web application, visit the Web site that offers the program

Some are free

Applications on the Web

What is a Web application? A software application that exists on a Web site

Click to view Web Linkthen click Web Applications

p. 3.33 Fig. 3-41

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How do some companies charge for a Web application?

Some sites allow you to use the program for free

Ask you to pay a fee when a certain action occurs

p. 3.34 Fig. 3-42

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How do other companies charge? Some companies charge only for service and support Sun

Microsystems provides an integrated suite on the Web

A variety of payment schemes exist for sites that charge for use of a program

Click to viewvideo

p. 3.34 Fig. 3-42

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What is Web-based training (WBT)? Typically consists of self-directed, self-paced

instruction on a topic Distance learning

(DL) is the delivery of education at one location while the learning takes place at other locations• Also called

distance education (DE) or online learning

Click to view Web Linkthen click Distance Learning

p. 3.35 Fig. 3-44

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Third party organization that manages and distributes software and services on the Web

Allows companies to outsource information technology (IT) needs


What is an application service provider (ASP)?

p. 3.35 Fig. 3-45

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Learning Aids and Support Tools Within an ApplicationWhat is Online Help?

Electronic equivalent of a user manual

Usually integrated into an application software package

Often Help is context-sensitive

• The Help information relates to the current task being attempted

p. 3.36 Fig. 3-46a

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Learning Aids and Support Tools Within an ApplicationWhat is an FAQs page?

Frequently Asked Questions

Often available on a Web site that provides updates and more comprehensive resources to answer your software questions

p. 3.36 Fig. 3-46b

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Learning Aids and Support Tools Within an Application

What is a wizard? An automated assistant that helps you complete a task

Asks you questions and then automatically performs actions based on your answers

p. 3.36 Fig. 3-46c

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Learning Aids and Support Tools Within an ApplicationHow can I learn more about a software package?

Many books are available to help you learn to use software

These books are available in bookstores and software stores

p. 3.37 Fig. 3-47

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Summary of Application Software

Application software Productivity software Developing a document Graphics and multimedia software Software for home, personal, and

educational use Software for communications Applications on the Web Learning aids and support tools within

an applicationNext

Chapter 3 Complete

Chapter 3 Application Software Chapter 3 Objectives

Technology

Transcript of Chapter 3 Application Software Chapter 3 Objectives