Chapter 27.3 The Inner Planets Std. 1a- Students know how the sun, the terrestrial planets, and the...
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Transcript of Chapter 27.3 The Inner Planets Std. 1a- Students know how the sun, the terrestrial planets, and the...
Chapter 27.3 The Inner Planets
Std. 1a- Students know how the sun, the terrestrial planets, and the gas planets may have been established during the formation of the solar system
Std. 4d- Students know the differing greenhouse conditions on Earth, Mars and Venus
Objective 1: Identify the characteristics of the inner planets
Objective 2: Summarize the features that allow Earth to sustain life
The Inner Planets
• Planets closest to the sun are:1. Mercury 3. Earth
2. Venus 4. Mars
•All similar to Earth • Metallic cores and consist mostly of rock•# of moons vary from 0-2
1) Mercury
• Planet closest to the sun (no moons)• Orbits (day) the sun every 88 days• Rotates (year) every 59 days• Heavily cratered • Slow rotation and no atmosphere causes a
large temperature range (Day: 427°C and Night: -173°C)
2) Venus
• 2nd planet from the sun (no moons)• Orbits the sun every 225 days• Rotates every 243 days• Same size, mass and density as Earth
Venus’s Atmosphere
• 96% carbon dioxide causing a greenhouse effect that heats the surface to 464 degrees C
• Hottest planet in the solar system • Sulfur dioxide droplets in the upper
atmosphere creates clouds which reflect sunlight– It is the brightest object in the night sky (aside
from the moon and sun)
Venus’s Surface Factors
• Has mountains, volcanoes, lava plains and sand dunes
• Lots of volcanic activity
Objective 1: Identify the characteristics of the inner planets
• How many moons do the inner planets have?– 0-2 moons
• Which planet has the same mass and density as Earth?– Venus
• What % of Venus’ s atmosphere is carbon dioxide?– 96%
Earth
• 3rd planet from the sun (1 moon)• Rotation 365 ¼ days• Weathering and erosion continues to change
Earth’s surface
• Water on Earth– Atmosphere and distance from the sun allows
water to exist in solid, liquid and gas states
• Life on Earth – Earth maintained a moderate temperature during
formation = it can support life
Mars
• 4th planet from the sun• Orbital period 687 days • Rotates every 24 hours• 2 moons – Deimos and Phobos• Same tilt as Earth – has similar seasons to Earth
• Martian Volcanoes – Olympus Mons - Largest volcano is 3 times as tall
as Mt. Everest• The base is the size of Nebraska
– Reasons for large volcanoes - no moving tectonic plates
• Active volcanoes = unknown• Seismic activity has been detected
• Water on Mars– Pressure and temperature on Mars are too low for
water to exist in liquid form – Features caused by erosion indicate that water did
exist in the past –Water on Mars is trapped by polar icecaps
Mars Earth
Objective 2: Summarize the features that allow Earth to sustain life
• Why can Earth support life?– Earth maintained a moderate temperature during
formation
• What is Mars’s largest volcano?– Olympus Mons
• Why does Mars have large volcanoes?– No moving tectonic plates
• Why can’t water on Mars exist in liquid form?– Pressure and temperature is too low