Chapter 26, Sections 3,4. Patterns of Life and Imperialism and Nationalism The Koran makes women subordinate to men. Women could bring dishonor easily, so they were forced to cover themselves with veils. The Young Turks Opposed westernization. They persecuted non-Muslims and slaughtered Armenian Christians. They tried to impose the Turkish language on Arabs. The Ottoman Empire They were defeated and stripped of their Arab provinces after siding with Germany in World War I. Kemal Ataturk Forced Greece out of Anatolia, abolished the Ottoman Empire, and made Turkey a republic. He used government funds to modernize and build industries. Britain and France wanted to control Egypt and build the Suez Canal in order to control shipping and trade to Asia. Reza Khan In 1925, Reza Khan seized power and made himself Shah. He set out to end foreign control and create a modern state. The Pahlavi dynasty encouraged western dress, law codes, and education. Arab Nationalism Arabs wanted independence after WWI, in return for helping the victors. Saudi Arabia got it, and then Iraq, Lebanon and Syria followed. Zionism A movement to reestablish a Jewish state in Palestine. It began in the late 1800s. Theodore Herzl formed an organization to promote Zionism. The Balfour Declaration The Balfour Declaration said the British supported a Jewish homeland in Palestine, as long as the rights of existing inhabitants were protected.