CHAPTER - 6 6. References

Aaseth, J. and Teigen, S.W. (1993) Selenium and rheumatoid arthritis. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, BadstraBe, Germany. Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 817-821.

Abou-Shakra, F.R. and Ward, N.!. (1993) Blood serum selenium content of UK and Finnish individuals. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, BadstraBe, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 235-238.

Acharya, R.M. (1992) Buffalo: The dominant force. Dairy India, pp. 51-55.

Acharya, C.L. and Abrol, I.P. (1991) Soil water relation and root water extraction in alkali soils, Karnal, India, CSSRI (ICAR), 96pp.

Adriano, D.C. (1986) Trace elements in the terrestrial environment, New York, Springer-Verlag, 533 pp.

Adriano, D.C. (1992) Biochemistry of trace metals. London, Lewis Publishers, 513 pp.

Alaejos, M.S. and Romero, C.D. (1993) Urinary selenium concentrations. Clinical Chemistry, 39(10): 2040-2052.

Alfthan, G. (1984) A micromethod for the determination of selenium in tissues and biological fluids by single test-tube Fluorimetry. Analytica Chimica Acta, 165 : 187-194.

Alfthan, G. (1993) Effects of selenium fertilization on the human selenium status and the environment, Norwegian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Suppl. No. 11: 175-181.

Allaway, W.H. (1969) Control of environmental levels of selenium. Trace Subst. Environ. Health., 2: 181-206.

Allaway, W.H. (1973) Selenium in food chain. The Comell Veterinarian, 63: 151-170.

Allaway, W.H. and Hodgson, J.F. (1964) Selenium in forages as related to the geographic distribution of muscular dystrophy in livestock. J. Anim. Sci., 23: 271-275.

Allaway, W.H., Cary, E.E. and Ehlig, C.F. (1967) Cycling of low levels of Se in soils, plants and animals. In: Muth, O.H. ed., Symposium: Selenium in biomedicine, Westport, CT., AVI publishing Co., pp 273-296. .

Andreson, M.S., Lakin,H.W., Beeson, K.C., Smith, F.F. and Thacker, E. ed. (1961) Selenium in agriculture. USDA Hand Book 200., Washington, DC., U.S. Govt. Print office, 256pp.

Andrew, M.H. (1986) Selection of plant species by cattle grazing native monsoon tallgrass pasture at Katherine, NT Tropical Grasslands, 20(3): 120-127.

Anke, M. (1966) Major and trace elements in cattle hair as an indicator of Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo and Co: Effect of additional supplements on mineral composition of cattle hair. Arch. Tierzucht., 16: 57-62.

Anke, M., Masaoka. T., Groppel, B., Zervas. G. and Arnhold, W. (1989) The influence of sulphur, molybdenum and cadmium exposure on the growth of goat. cattle and pig. Arch. Anim. Nutr., 39 (1/2):

370

221-228.

AOAC (1990) Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Offical Analytical Chemists, 15th ed,; Helrich, K., ed., Arlington, V.A, AOAC, pp. 262-265.

APHA (1985) Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, 16th ed., Washington, DC., American Public Health Association, 1268pp.

Apsite, M., Pitrans, B.V. and Atlavin, A.B. (1993) The role of duodenum in selenium assimilation in chick organism. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, BadstraBe, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 392-393.

Arnaud, J., Chappuis, P., Jaudon, M.C. and Bellanger, J. (1993) Biological indices used for the assessment of zinc, copper and selenium status in humans. Annales de Biologie Clinique, 51 (6): 589-604.

Arora, S.P. (1977) Degnala problem in livestock. Indian Dairy Man, 29: 595-597.

Arora, S.P., Prasad, T. and Chopra, RC. (1987) Selenomethionine in the aetiology of Degnala disease in buffaloes. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 4 (1): 48-51.

Arora, S.P., Kaur, P., Khirwar, S.S., Chopra, RC., and Ludri, R.S. (1975) Selenium levels in fodders and its relationship with Degnala disease. Indian J. Dairy Sci., 28(4}: 249-252.

Arvy, M.P. (1993) Selenate and selenite uptake and translocation in bean plants. J. Exp. Bot., 40(263): 1083-1087.

Baker, A.J.M., McGrath, S.P., Sidoli, C. and Reeves, RD. (1992). In situ remediation of metal-contaminated soils using crops of hyper accumulator plants: Potentials and future prospects. In: Proceedings of the workshop on soil remediation, Rue Claude Bernad, Paris, Institute National Agronomique, pp~ 8a-94.

Bakshi, M.P.S., Langer, P.N., Rana, RP. and Katyal, J.C. (1986) Selenosis in buffaloes fed rice straw. World Review of Animal Production, 22(2): 57-61.

Banerjee, G.C. (1986) Important cattle breeds and their characteristics. In: A Textbook of animal husbandary, 6th ed., New Delhi, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Ltd., pp. 8-13.

Banuelos, G.S. and Meek, D.W. (1990) Accumulation of selenium in plants grown on selenium treated soil. J. Environ. Qual., 19(4): 772-777.

Banuelos, G.S., Mead, R and Hoffman, G.J. (1993) Accumulation of selenium in wild mustard irrigated with agricultural effluent. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment, 43: 119-126.

Barber, SA (1984) Soil nutrient bioavailability: A mechanistic approach. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 398 pp.

Barregard, L., Thomssen, Y., Schulz, A. and Marklund, S.L. (1990) Levels of selenium and anti oxidative enzymes following occupational exposure to inorganic mercury. Sci. Total Environ., 99: 37-47.

Beasley, R., Thomson, C. and Pearce, N. (1991) Selenium, glutathione peroxidase and asthma. Clin. Exptl. Allergy, 21: 157-159.

Beath, O.A., Eppson, H.F. and Gilbert, C.S. (1935) Selenium and other toxic minerals in soils and vegetation. Wyoming Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull., 206pp.

Beath, O.A., Eppson, H.F. and Gilbert, C.S. (1937) Selenium distribution in seasonal variation of type vegetation occuring on seleniferous soils. J. Am. Pharm. Assoc., 26: 394-405.

371

Bedwal, R.S., Nair, N., Sharma, M.P. and Mathur, R.S. (1993) Selenium - Its biological perspectives. Medical Hypotheses, 41 (2): 150-159.

Beech, S., Walker, S.W., Arthur, J.R. and Nicol, F. and Beckett, G.J. (1993) Selenium status and thyroidal iOdodinase deiodinase activity in rat and human thyrocytes. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, BadstraBe, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 1062-1066.

Behra,G.D.(1990) Clinico-pathological studies on experimental degnala disease in buffalo calves. In: Proceedings of " World Buffalo Congress, New Delhi, Everest Press, Vol. 1 , pp. 103-108.

Bell, P.F., Parker, D.R. and Page, A.L. (1992) Contrasting selenate-sulfate interactions in selenium-accumulating and nonaccumulating plant species. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 56: 1818-1824.

Bencze, K. (1990) What contribution can be made to biological monitoring by hair analysis, Part-2. Fresenius J. Anal Chem., 338: 58-61.

Bender, J., Gould, J.P., Vatcharapijarn, Y. and Saha, G. (1991) Uptake, transformation and fixation of Se (VI) by a mixed selenium tolerant ecosystem. Water Air Soil. Pollut., 59(3): 359-367.

Benemariya, H., Robberecht, H. and Deelstra, H. (1993) Zinc, copper and selenium in milk and organs of cow and goat from Burundi, Africa. Sci. Total Environ., 128: 83-98.

Berrow, M.L. and Burridge, J.C. (1991) Uptake, distribution, and effects of metal compounds on plants. In: Merian, E., ed. Metals and their compounds in the environment, Weinheim, Germany, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, pp. 399-410.

Besser, J.M., Canfield, T.J. and La Point, T.W. (1993) Bio- accumulation of organic and inorganic selenium in a laboratory food chain. Environ. Toxicol Chem., 12: 57-72.

Bhattacharyya, A.K. (1990) Environmental problems associated with distribution of selenium in Indian soils and plants. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J., Li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed., Environmental life elements and health, Beijing, China, Science press, pp. 65-74.

Biernacka, M., Wasowicz, W.,Brozik, H., Wolkanin, P., Kazmierczak-Kosicka, B., Pokuszynska, K., Sklodowska, M. and Gromadzinska, J. (1993) Trace element of the antioxidant barrier of the pathogenisis of juvenile chronic arthritis. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, BadstraBe, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 906-907.

Binnerts, W.T. (1979) The selenium status of dairy cows in The Netherlands as derived from milk and blood analysis. Netherlands Milk and Dairy Joumal, 33: 24-30.

Binnerts, W.T., Das, HA and Viets, T.C. (1993) Liver selenium analysis in cows with fast method of neutron activation reveals deficiency areas in The Netherlands. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science, 41: 47-57.

Birt, D.F., Julius, A.D., Runice, C.E. and Sayed, S. (1983) Tolerance of diets deficient or excessive in selenium by Syrian Hamsters. Ann. Nutr. Metab., 27: 81-93.

Blodgett, D.J. and Bevill, R.F. (1987) Acute selenium toxicosis in sheep. Vet. Hum. Toxicol. 29(3): 233-236.

Blume, H.P. and Brummer, G. (1991). Prediction of heavy metal behaviour in soil by means of simple field tests. Ecotoxicologyand Environmental Safety, 22: 164-174.

Boon, D.Y. (1989) Potential selenium problems in great plains soils. In: Jacobs, L.W., ed. Selenium in agriculture and the environment, SSSA Special Publication 23, Madison, WI, Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, pp. 107-122.

372

Bratakos, M.S., Vouterakos, T.P., and Ioannou, P.V. (1990) Selenium status of cancer patients in Greece. Sci. Total Environ., 92: 207-222.

Brooks, A.S. (1984) Selenium in the environment, an old problem with new concerns. In: Workshop proceedings: The effects of trace elements on aquatic ecosystems. EPRI EA-3329, Project 1631, Palo Alto, CA, Electric Power Research Institute, pp. 2.1-2.17.

Brown, T.A. and Shirlt, A. (1982) Selenium: Toxicity and tolerance in higher plants. BioI. Rev., 57: 59-64.

Bukkens, S.G.F., DeVos, N., Kok, F.J., Schouten, E.G., De Bruijn, A.M. and Hofman, A. (1990) Selenium status and cardio vascular risk factors in healthy dutch subjects. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 9(2): 128-135.

Burau, R.G., (1989) Selenium in arid and semi-arid soils. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 115(1): 42-47.

Burguera, M. and Burguera, J.L. (1993) Whole blood and urine mercury levels in a non-exposed general population and in dental surgeons. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, BadstraBe, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 449-453.

Byers, H.G. and Knight, H.G. (1935) Se in soils in relation to its presence in vegetation. Ind. Eng. Chern., 27: 902-904.

Cappon, C.J. (1987) Uptake and speciation of mercury and selenium in vegetable crops grown on compost-treated soil. Water Air Soil Pollut., 3: 353-361.

Carlson, C.L., Adriano, D.C. and Dixon, P.M. (1991) Effect of soil-applied selenium on the growth and selenium content of a forage species. J. Environ. QuaL, 20: 363-368.

Carter, D.L., Brown, M.J. and Robins,C.W. (1969) Se concentrations in Alfalfa from several sources applied to a low selenium, Alkaline soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc., 33: 715-718.

Cary, E.E. and Allaway, W.H. (1973) Se content of the field crops grown in selenite-treated soils. Agron. J., 65: 922-925.

Cary, EE. and Gissel-Nielsen (1973) Effect fo fertilizer anions on the solubility of native and applied selenium in soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc., 37: 590-593.

Census of India (1981) Haryana: Series-6, Part XIII- A&B: Village & town directory, village & township primary census abstract - Kamal District, The Indian Administrative Service, Director of the census operation, Haryana, India.

Chao, T.T. and Sanzolone, R.F. (1989) Fractionation of soil selenium by sequential partial dissolution. Soil. Sci. Soc. Am. J., 53(2): 385-392.

Chen, D., Ren, S., Wang, X. and Li, J. (1990) The prevention and treatment effects on Kaschin-beck disease of applying selenium. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J., Li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed. Environmental life elements and health, Beijing, China, Science press, pp. 352-355.

Chou, H., and Naleway, C. (1984) Determination of mercury by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry. Anal. Chern., 56: 1737-1738.

Churchman, D.R., Sagnou, M. and Ward, N.1. (1993) Selenium poisoning in horses following exposure to a contaminated mineral supplement. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, BadstraBe, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 987-991.

Clark, L.e. and Alberts, D.S. (1995) Seleniun and cancer: Risk or protection? J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 87(7): 473-475.

373

Clarke, A.L. and Russell, J.S. (1~n) Crop sequential practices. In: Soil factors in crop production in a semi arid environment, Queensland, University of Queensland Press, pp. 279-299.

Clausen. J., Nielesen, SA, and Kristensen, M. (1989) Biochemical and clinical effects of an antioxidative supplementation of geriatric patients: A double blind study. BioI. Trace Elem. Res., 20(1, & 2): 135-152.

Combs, D.K. (1987) Hair analysis as an indicator of mineral status of livestock. J. Anim. ScL, 65: 1753-1758.

Combs, O.K., Goodrich, A.D. and Meiske, J.C. (1982) Mineral concentrations in hair as indicators of mineral status: A review. J. Anim. Sci., 54: 391-395.

Conrad, H.A. and Moxon, AL. (1978) Role of selenium in prevention of reproduction problems in dairy cows. In: Proceedings of the Comell Nutrition Conference for feed manufacturers, Ithaca, New York, pp.57-61.

Conrad, H.A. and Moxon, AL. (1979) Transfer of dietary selenium to milk. J. Dairy Sci., 62(3): 404-411.

Cooke, D.T. and Bruland, K.W. (1987) Aquatic chemistry of selenium: Evidence of biomethylation. Environ. Sci. Tech., 21: 1214.

Cooper, B.S., West, D.M. alld Pauli, J.V. (1988) Effects of repeated oral dosing of selenium on sheep. N.Z. Vet. J., 37: 37.

Corvilain, B., Contempre, B., Longombe, AO., Goyens, P., Gervy-Decoster, C., Lamy, F., Vanderpas, J.B. and Dumont, J.E. (1993) Selenium and the thyroid: How the relationship was established. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Suppl., 57: 244S-248S.

Cuesta, P.A, McDowell, L.A., Kunkle, W.E., Bullock, F., Drew, A, Wilkinson, N.S. and Martin, F.G. (1993a) Seasonal variation of soil and forage mineral concentration in North Florida. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant AnaL, 24(3 & 4): 335-347.

Cuesta, P.A, McDowell, L.A., Kunkle, W.E., Bullock, F., Drew, A., Wilkinson, N.S. and Martin, F.G. (1993b) Serum selenium and vitamin E, and selenium concentration in liver, milk and hair as affected by supplementation to beef cattle. Int. J. Anim. Sci., 8: 257-262,

Cutter, GA (1978) Species determination of selenium in natural waters. Anal. Chem. Acta., 98: 59-66.

Cuvin-Aralar, M.L.A and Furness, A.W. (1991) Mercury and selenium interaction: A review. Ecotoxicologyand Environmental Safety, 21: 348-364.

Das, P.M., Sadana, J.A., Gupta, A.K. and Kumar, K. (1989) Experimental selenium toxicity in guinea pigs. Ann. Nutr. Metab., 33(1): 57-63.

Davies, E.B. and Watkinson, J.H. (1966) Uptake of native and applied Se by pasture species. II. Effect of sulphate and of soil type on uptake by clover, N.Z.J. Agric. Res., 9: 641-652.

Dewes, H.F. and Lowe, M.D. (1987) Suspected selenium poisoning in a horse. N.z. Vet. J., 35: 53-54.

Dhillon, K.S. (1972a) Preliminary observations on the treatment of Deg (DEK) Nala disease in buffaloes. Indian Vet. J., 50 (50): 480-487.

Dhillon, K.S. (1972b) Se status of common fodders and natural grasses. M.Sc. Thesis, Punjab Agric. Univ., Ludhiana, India.

Diplock, A. (1993) Indexes of selenium status in human populations. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Suppl. 57: 256S-258S.

374

Draize, J.H. and Beath, OA (1935) Observations on pathology of blind staggers and alkali disease. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 86: 753-763.

Duthie, G.G., Arthur, J.A. and James, W.P.T. (1991) Effects of smoking and vitamin E on blood antioxidant status. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 53: 1061S-1063S.

Dutt, B. (1972) Deficiency diseases of livestock - Selenium, I.CAR. Tech. Bull. (Animal Husbandry), No. 12, New Delhi, ICAR, pp. 78-80.

Edmonson, A.J., Norman, B.B. and Suther, D. (1993) Survey of state veterinarians and state veterinary diagnostic laboratories for selenium deficiency and toxicosis in animals. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 202(6): 865-872.

Eisler, A. (1985) Selenium hazards to fish, wildlife and invertebrates: A synoptic, review. U.S. Fish Wildl. Servo BioI. Rep., 85 (1.5), 57 pp.

Elrashidi, M.A., Adriano, D.C. and Lindsay, W.L. (1989) Solubility, speciation, and transformation of selenium in soils. In: Jacobs, L.W., ed. Selenium in agriculture and the environment, SSSA Special Publication 23, Madison, WI, SoilScience Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, pp. 51-64.

Engberg, A.A., and Sylvester, M.A. (1993) Concentrations, distribution, and sources of selenium from irrigated lands in western United States. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 119(3): 522-536.

Espinoza, J.E., McDowell, L.A., Rodriguez, J., Loosli, J.K., Conrad, J.H. and Martin, F.G. (1982) Mineral status of llamas and sheep in Bolivian Altiplano. J. Nutr., 112: 2286-2292.

Ewers, U. and Schlipkoter, H. (1991) Intake, distribution and excretion of metals and metal compounds in humans. In: Merian,E., ed. Metals and their compounds in the environment, Weinheim, Germany, VCH Verlagsgese"schaft mbH, pp. 571-584.

Fio, J. L. and Fujii, R. (1990) Selenium speciation methods and application to soil saturation extracts from San Joaquin Valley, California. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 54: 363-369.

Fio, J. L., Fujii, A. and Deverel, S.J. (1991) Selenium mobility and distribution in irrigated and non-irrigated a"uvial soils. Soil. Sci. Soc. Am. J., 55: 1313-1320.

Fishbein, L. (1977) Toxicology of selenium and tellurium. In: Goyer, RA and Mehlam, M.A. ed. Advances in modem toxicology, Vol. 2, Toxicology of trace elements. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., pp 191-240.

Fishbein, L. (1991) Selenium. In: Merian, E., ed. Metals and their. compounds in the environment, Weinheim, Germany, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, pp. 1153-1190.

Fisher, D.D., Wilson, L.L., Leach, A.M. and Scholz, A.W. (1985) Switch hair as an indicator of magnesium and copper status of beef cows. Am. J. Vet. Res., 46(11): 2235-2240.

Flanjak, J. and Lee, H.Y. (1979) Trace metal content of livers and kidneys of cattle. J. Sci. Food Agric., 30: 503-507.

Fleming, GA (1962) Selenium in Irish soils and plants. Soil Sci., 94: 28-35.

Friel, J. Andrews, W., Long, D. and L'Abbe, M. (1993) The selenium status of very low birth weight infants. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, BadstraBe, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 853-854.

Ganther, H.E. (1992) Comparison of selenium and sulphur analogs in cancer prevention. Carcinogenesis, 13(7): 1167-1170.

375

Gallardo, J.F., Saavedra, J., Martin-Pinto., T. and Millan, A. (1987) Soil organic matter determination. Commun. Soil. Sci. Plant Anal., 18(6): 699-707.

Geering, H.R, Cary, E.E., Jones, L.H.P. and Allaway, W.H. (1968) Solubility and redox criteria for the possible forms of selenium in soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc., 32: 35-40.

George, P.O., Cheeran, J.V. and Aleyas, N.M. (1970) Necrosis of the tail in bovine animals. Vet. Rec., 87: 231-233.

Ghosh, A., Sarkar, S., Pramanik, AK, Chowdhury, S.P. and Ghosh, S. (1993) Selenium toxicosis in grazing buffaloes (Buba/us buba/is) and its relationship with soil and plant of West Bengal. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, .63(5): 557-560.

Giri, J., Jeyanthi, G.P. and Selvi, S. (1988) Evaluation of selenium and chromium content in selected foods -II. The Ind. J. Nutr. Dietet., 25: 140-143.

Girling, CA (1984) Selenium in agriculture and the environment. Agric. Ecosys. Environ., 11: 37-64.

Gissel-Nielsen, G. (1971) Selenium content of some fertilizers and thefr influence on uptake of selenium in plants. J. Agric. Food Chern., 19: 564-566.

Gissel-Nielsen, G. (1973) Uptake and distribution of added senite and selenate by barley and red clover as influenced by sulphur. J. Sci. Food Agric., 24: 649-655.

Gissel-Nielsen, G. (1987) Frationation of Se in barley and rye grass. J. Plant Ntur., 10:2147-2152.

Gissel-Nielsen, G. and Bisberg, B. (1970) The uptake of applied selenium by agricultural plants. Plant and Soil, 32: 382-396.

Goldberg, S. and Glaubig, RA. (1988). Anion sorption on a calcareous, montmorillonitic soil: selenium. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 52(4): 954-958.

Gooneratne, S.R and Christensen, DA (1989) A survey of maternal and fetal tissue zinc, iron, manganese and selenium concentrations in bovine. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 69: 151-159.

Green, L.W., Pinchak, W.E., and Heitschmidt, RK. (1987) Seasonal dynamics of minerals in forages at the Texas experimental ranch. J. Range Manage., 40(6): 502-506.

Green, RH. (1979) Sampling design and statistical methods for environmental biologists, Toronto, John Wiley & Sons, 257 pp.

Guo, J., Zhang, Y. and Wang, X. (1990) Cellular electrophysio- logic mechanism of cardiovascular effects of sodium selenite. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J., Li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed. Environmental life elements and health, Beijing, China, Science press, pp. 288-291.

Gupta, R.K.P. (1985) Studies on epizootiology and etiopathology of Degnala disease with particular reference to mycotoxicosis. Adhoc ICAR Research Project-Final Report. Department of Verterinary Pathology Hissar, India, Hissar Agricultural University, 69 pp.

Gupta, U.C. and Watkinson, J.H. (1985) Agricultural significance of selenium. Outlook Agric., 14: 183-189.

Gupta, U .C. and Winter, K.A. (1975) Se content of soils and crops and the effects of lime and sulphur on plant selenium. Can. J. Soil Sci., 55:161-166.

Gustafsson, J.P. and Johnsson, L. (1992) Selenium retention in the organic matter of Swedish forest soils. Journal of Soil Sci., 43: 461-472.

Gutenmann, W.H., Doss, G.J. and Lisk, D.J. (1993) Selenium in Swiss chard grown on sewage sludge

376

I ·1

- cement kiln dust amended soil. Chemosphere, 27(8): 1461-1463.

Harr, J.R. (1978) Biological effect of selenium. In: Oehme, F.W., ed. Toxicity of heavy metals in the environment, New York, Marcel Dekker Inc., pp. 393-426.

Harrison, L.H., Colvin, B.M., Stuart, B.P., Sangster, l.T., Gorgacz, E.J. and Gosser, H.S. (1983) Paralysis in swine due to focal symmetrical poliomalacia: Possible selenium toxicosis. Vet. Pathol., 20: 265-273.

Haygarth, P.M., Harrison, AF. and Jones, K.C. (1993) Geographical and seasonal variation in deposition of selenium to vegetation. Environ. Sci. Technol., 27(13): 2878-2884.

Haygarth, P.M., Jones, K.C. and Harrison, AF. (1990) The role of atmospheric cycling in controlling selenium levels in grasslands and livestock. J. Sci. Food Agric., 53: 425.

Haygarth,P.M., Jones, K.C. and Harrison, A.F. (1991) Selenium cycling through agricultural grasslands in the UK: Budgeting the role of the atmosphere. Sci. Total Environ., 103: 89-111

Haygarth, P.M., Rowland, A.P., Sturup, S. and Jones, K.C. (1993) Comparision of instrumental methods for the determination of total selenium in environmental samples. Analyst, 118( 10): 1303 -1308.

Herdt, T.H. (1995) Blood serum concentrations of Se in female llamas (Lama glama) in relationship to feeding practices, region of United States, reproductive stage and health offspring. J. Anim. Sci., 73(2.): 337-344.

Hertz, J. (1991) Bioindicators for monitoring heavy metals in the environment. In: Merian, E., ed. Metals and their compounds in the environment, Weinheim, Germany, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, pp. 221-232.

Hidiroglou, N., McDowell, L.R., Papas, AM., Antapli, M. and Wilkinson, N.S. (1992) Bioavailability of vitamin-E compounds in Lambs. J. Anim. Sci., 70: 2556-2561.

Hobbs, C.S., Hansard, S.l. and Barrick, E.R. (1950) Simplified methods and equipment used in seperation of urine from faeces eliminated by heifers and by steers. J. Anim. Sci., 9: 565-570.

Horvat, M., Zvonaric, T. and Stegnar, P. (1986) Optimization of wet digestion method for the determination of mercury in blood by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS). Vestn. Siov. Kem. Drus., 33 (4): 475-487.

Hung, J.J. and Shy, C.P. (1995) Speciation of dissolved Se in the Kaoping and Erhjen rivers and esturies, South western Taiwan. Estuaries, 18(1 B): 234-249.

lizuka, Y., Sakurai, E., Maeda, K. and Hikichi, N. (1993) Effects of selenium on the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis system in rat liver. Journal of Pharmaceutical SOCiety of Japan, 113(7): 525-530.

Imai, H., Suzuki, T., Kashiwazaki, H., Takemoto, T., Izumi, T. and Moji, K. (1990) Dietary habit and selenium concentrations in erythrocyte and serum in a group of middle-aged and elderly Japanese. Nutr. Res., 10: 1205-1214.

Irian, M. (1971) The clinical picture and pathology of degnala disease in buffaloes and cattle in West Pakistan, Vet. Rec. 88: 422-424.

Irian, M. (1993) Necrotic mycotoxicosis in buffaloes and cattle and its possible significance for the safety of milk and meat. Archiv. Fur. Lebensmittelhygiene, 44: 54-55.

Iyengar, G.V. (1987) Dietary collection procedures. Clinical Nutrition, 6(4): 147-153.

Iyengar, G.V. (1991) Milestones in biological trace element research. Sci. Total Environ., 100: 1-15.

377

Iyengar, G.V. (1992) Emerging concepts in bioanalytical chemistry of trace elements. Analytical Sciences, 8: 399-404.

Jackson, M.L. (1973) Soil chemical analysis, New Delhi, India, Printice hall of India Pvt.Ltd., 498 pp.

Jacobs, L.W., Chang, A.C., Dowdy, R.H., Severson, R.C., Sommers, L.E. and Volk, V.V. (1989) Selenium in Agriculture and the Environment, Madison, SSSA Special Publication: No. 23, 233 pp.

Jacobsson, S.O. (1966) Excretion of a single dose of Se in sheep. Acta Vet. Scand., 7: 226-239.

James, loF., Panter, K.E., Mayland, H.F., Miller, M.A. and Basker, D.C. (1989) Selenium poisoning in livestock: A review and progress. In: Jacobs, loW.,ed. Selenium in agriculture and the environment, SSSA Special Publication 23, Madison, WI, Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, pp. 123-132.

Janghorbani, M., Rockway, S., Mooers, C.S., Roberts, E.M., Ting, B.T. and Sitrin, M.D. (1990) Effect of chronic selenite supplementation on selenium excretion and organ accumulation in rats. J. Nutr., 120(3): 274-279.

Janke, B.H. (1989) Acute selenium toxicosis in dog. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 195(8): 1114-1115.

Johnsson, lo (1989) Se - levels in the Morlayer of Swedish forest soils. Swedish J. Agric. Res., 19: 21-28.

Johnsson, lo (1991 a) Selenium uptake by plants as a function of soil type, organic matter content and pH. Plant and Soil, 133: 57-64.

Johnsson, lo (1991 b) Trends and annual fluctuations in selenium concentrations in wheat grain. Plant and Soil, 138: 67-73.

Ju, S., Yue, S., Yin, Z. and Cheng B. (1990) Study on the environmental factors influencing the distribution of watersoluble selenium in soil of the north-east of China and ways increasing available selenium in soil. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J., Li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed., Environmental life elements and health, Beijing, China, Science press, pp. 195-200.

Judson, G.J., Thomas, D.W. and Mattschess, K.H. (1982) Blood selenium levels of Kangaroo Island residents. Med. J. Aust" 2: 217.

Jump, A.K. and Sabey, B.A. (1989) Soil test extractants for predicting selenium in plants. In: Jacobs, loW., ed. Selenium in agriculture and the environment, SSSA Special Publication 23, Madison, WI, Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, pp. 95-106.

Kabata-Pendias, A. and Pendias, H. (1989) Trace elements in soils and plants, Boca Raton, Florida, CRS Press, Inc., 315 pp.

Kalra, D.S., Bhatia, K.C., Gautam, O.P. and Chauhan, H.V.S. (1977a) Fusarium equiseti associated. mycotoxins as possible cause of degnala disease. Ann. Nutr. Alim., 31: 745-752.

Kalra, D.S., Bhatia, K.C., Gautam, O.P. and Chauhan, H.V.S. (1977b) Pathology of degnala disease in catte and buffaloes. Ann. Nutr. Alim., 31: 753 - 760.

Kamala, K. (1990) Selenium in human health. Nutrition News, 11 (1): 1-5.

Kang, Y., Yamada, H., Kyuma, K. and Hattori, T. (1990) Selenium content and distribution in various Japanese soils. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 36(3): 475-482.

Kang, Y., Yamada, H., Kyuma, K. and Hattori, T. (1993) Speciation of selenium in soil. Soil. Sci. Plant Nutr., 39(2): 331-337.

378

Kanwar, J.S. and Randhawa, N.S. (1974) Micronutrient research in soils and plants in India. ICAR Technical Bulletin (Agric), 50: 1-185.

Karlson, U. and Frankenberger, Jr. W.T. (1986) Single - column ion chromatography of selenite in soil extracts. Anal. Chern., 58: 2704-2708.

Karlson, U. and Frankenberger, Jr. W.T. (1990) Alkylselenide production in salinized soils. Soil Sci., 149(1): 56-61.

Kawaguchi, K. and Kyuma, K. (1977) Paddy soils in tropical Asia - Their material, nature and fertilitx, Honolulu, University Press of Hawaii, pp. 38-65.

Keith, L.H. (1983) Principles of environmental analysis. Anal. Chern., 55:2210-2218.

Khirwar, S.S. and Arora, S.P. (1975) Tissue distribution and excretion pattern of selenium - 75 in animals. J. Nuclear Agric. BioI., 4: 5-8.

Khiwar, S.S. and Arora, S.P. (1977) Incorparation of 75-Se selenomethionine in milk proteins of goat. Milchwissenschaft, 32(5): 283-285.

Kincaid, R.L. and Hodgson, A.S. (1989) Relationship of selenium concentrations in blood of calves to blood selenium of the dam and supplemental selenium. J. Dairy Sci., 72: 259-263.

Kiremidjian-Schumacher, L. and Stotzky, G. (1987) Selenium and immune responses. Environ. Res., 42: 277-303.

Knekt, P., Aromaa, A., Maatela, J., Alfthan,G., Aaran, R.K., Hakama, M., Hakulinen, T., Peto, R., and Teppo, L. (1990) Serum selenium and subsequent risk of cancer among Finnish men and women. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 82: 864-868.

Koljonen, T. (1975) The behaviour of selenium in Finnish Soils. Ann. Agric. Fenn. 14: 240-247.

Kramer, H.L., Steiner, J.W. and Vallely, P.J. (1983) Trace element concentrations in the liver, kidney and muscle of Queensland cattle. Bull. Environ. Contam. T oxicol., 30: 588-594.

Krishnamurti, C.R., Viswanathan, P. (1991) Toxic metals in the Indian environment. New Delhi, Tata McGraw-Hili Publishing Co. Ltd., 280 pp.

Kubota, J. (1972) Sampling of soils for trace element studies. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 199: 105-177.

Kubota, J., Welch, R.M. and Campen, D.V. (1987) Soil related nutritional problem areas for grazing animals. In: US plant, soil and nutrition laboratory report, Ithaca, New York, Cornell University, pp.189-215.

Kwatra, M.S. and Singh, A. (1972) Epidemiological and etiological observations on gangrenous syndrome in buffaloes. Journal of Research, 8(4): 519-525.

L'Abbe, M.R., Fisher, P.W.F., Trick, K.D. and Chavez, E.R. (1989) Effect of dietary selenium and tumor status on the retention of 75-Se by tissues and mammary tumors of DMBA-treated rats. BioI. Trace Elem. Res., 20(1 & 2): 179-196.

Lakin, H.W. (1972) Selenium accumulation in soils and its absorption by plants and animals. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 83: 181-190.

Landberg, T. and Greger, M. (1994) Influence of selenium on uptake and toxicity of copper and cadmium in pea (Pisum sativum) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). Physiol. Plant, 90: 637-644.

Landi, S., Fagioli, F., Locatelli, C., Vecchieti, R. (1990) Digestion method for the determination of mercury in vegetable matrices by CVAAS. Analyst, 115: 173-177.

379

Langlands. J.P .. Donald. G.E.. Bowles. J.E. and Smith. A.J. (1989) Selenium concentration in the blood of ruminants grazing in northernNew South Wales. III - Relationship between blood concentration and the response in live weight of grazing cattle given a selenium supplement. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 40: 1075-1083.

Uiuchli, A. (1993) Selenium in plants: Uptake, functions and environmental toxicity. Bot. Acta, 106: 455-468.

Leighton, FA and Wobeser, G. (1994) Salinity and selenium content in Western Canadian wetlands. Wild I. Soc. Bull., 22: 111-116.

Lemley, RE. (1940) Selenium poisoning in human .• Lancet, 60: 528-531.

Lemly, AD. (1993) Subsurface agricultural irrigation drainage: The need for regulation. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 17(2): 157-180.

Levander, O.A (1976a) Selected aspects of the comparative metabolism and biochemistry of selenium and sulfur. In: Prasad, AS. and Oberleas, D .• ed. Trace elements in human health and disease, Vo1.2, Essential and Toxic Elements, New York, Academic Press, pp. 135-163.

Levander, OA (1976b) Selenium in Man. In: Prasad, A.S. and Oberleas, D., ed. Trace elements in human health and disease, Vo1.2, Essential and Toxic Elements, New York, Academic Press, pp. 105-133.

Levander, O.A. (1991) Scientific rationale for the 1989 recommended dietary allowance for selenium. J. Am. Diet. Assoc., 91: 1572-1576.

Levander, OAt Moser. P.B. and Morris, V.C. (1987) Dietary selenium intake and selenium concentrations of plasma. erythrocytes and breast milk in pregnant and postpartum lactating and non lactating women: A longitudinal study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 38: 101-108.

Li, G., Ren, Y., Chen, Y. and Cheng, W. (1990) Selenium effects on the function of myocardial cells of cultured rat heart and on the protection of myocardial cells in anoxia. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J., Li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi. ed. Environmental life elements and health, Beijing, China, Science press. pp. 284-287.

Liang, S. (1990) The study of development about the relation between selenium and Kaschin-beck disease. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J .• Li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed .• Environmental life elements and health. Beijing. China, Science press, pp. 349-351.

Li Jiyun. (1990) Advances in the study of low selenium in environment related Kaschin beck disease and its selenium intervention. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson. P.J., Li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed .• Environmental life elements and health. Beijing. China, Science press, pp. 179-183.

Lisk, D.J. (1972) Trace element content in soils, plants and animals. Adv. Agron., 24: 267-326.

Litov, RE. and Combs, G.F. (1991) Selenium in pediatriC nutrition. Pediatrics, 87(3): 339-351.

Lockwood, M.K. and Eckhert. C.D. (1992) Sucrose - induced lipid, glucose, and insulin elevations, microvascular injury. and selenium. Am. J. Physiol., 262 (Regulatory Integrative Compo Physiol. 31: R144-R149.

Lombeck. I., Terwolbeck. K., Menzel, H., Ullrich, K .• Trefz, F. and Jochum, F. (1993) The influence of different selenium intakeon the selenium status of pregnant women and newborns. In: Anke, M .• Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, BadstraBe, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 807- 811.

Longnecker, M.P., Taylor, P.R,Levender, OA, Howe, S.M., Veillon, C., McAdam. P.A .. Patterson, K.Y.,

·1

Holden, J.M., Stampfer, M.J., Morris, J.S. and Willett, W.C. (1991) Selenium in diet, blood, toenails in relation to human health in a seleniferous area. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 53: 1288-1294.

Loveland, P.J. (1990) A soil geochemical database for England and Wales. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J., Li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed., Environmental life elements and health, Beijing, China, Science press, pp. 136-141.

Lowry, K.A. and Baker, D.H. (1989) Amelioration of selenium toxicity by arsenicals and cysteine. J. Anim. Sci., 67: 959-965.

Loyke, H.F. (1992) Selenium and blood pressure studies in young and adult normotensive, renal and spontaneously hypertensive animals. BioI. Trace Elem. Res., 33: 129-133.

Luckey, T.D. and Venugopal, B. (1977) Metal toxicity in mammals-I: Physiologic and chemical basis for metal toxicity. New York, Plenum Press, 238 pp.

MacDonald, D.W., Christian, A.G., Strausz, K.1. and Roff, J. (1981) Acute selenium toxicity in neonatal calves. Can. Vet. J., 22: 279-281.

Mahadevan, V. (1954) Selenium poisoning in animals and man. Indian Vet. J., 31: 210.

Makela, A-L., Nanto, V., Makela, P. and Wang, W. (1993) The effect of nationwide selenium enrichment of fertilizers on selenium status of healthy Finnish medical students living in south western Finland. BioI. Trace Elem. Res., 36: 151-157.

Malbe, M. Klaassen, M. Fang, W.V., Myllys, V.M., Nyholm, K Sankari, S., Suoranta, K. and Sandholm, M. (1995) Comparison of selenite and Se yeast food supplements on Se-incorporation, Mastitis and Leucocyte function in Se deficient dairy cows. J. Vet. Med., 42(2): 111-122.

Markert, B. and Jayasekera, A. (1987) Elemental composition of different plant species. J. Plant Nutr., 10(7): 783-794.

Martin, T.D., Kopp, J.F. and Ediger, A.D. (1975) Determining selenium in water, waste water, sediment, a sludge by flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy. Atomic Absorption Newsletter, 14 (5): 109-116.

Masscheleyn, P.H., Delaune, A.D. and Patrick, Jr. W.H. (1990) Selenium transformations as affected by sediment redox potential and pH. Environ. Sci. Tech., 24: 91-96.

Masscheleyn, P.H., Delaune, A.A. and Patrick, Jr. W.H. (1991a) Arsenic and selenium chemistry as affected by sediment redox-potential and pH. J. Environ. Qual., 20: 522-527.

Masscheleyn, P.H., Delaune, A.D. and Patrick, Jr. W.H. (1991b) Biogeochemical behavior of selenium . in an oxic soils and sediments: An equilibrium thermodynamics approach. J. Environ. Health, 26:

555-573.

Mayland, H.F., James, L.F., Panter, K.E. and Sonderegger, J.L. (1989) Selenium in seleniferous environments. In: Jacobs, L.W., ed. Selenium in agriculture and the environment, SSSA Special Publication 23, Madison, WI, Soil Science SOCiety of America and American Society of Agronomy, pp. 15-50.

McDowell, L.A. (1976) Mineral deficiencies and toxicities and their effect on beef production in developing countries. In: Smith, A.J., ed. Beef cattle production in developing countries, Centre for tropical veterinary medicine, University of Edinbergh, pp. 216-241.

McDowell, L.R. (1987) Assessment of mineral status of grazing ruminants. World Review of Animal Production, 23(4): 19-32.

McDowell, L.A. (1992) Minerals in animal and human nutrition, New York, Academic Press, 332pp.

381

McDowell, L.R. (1993) Soil, plant, animal relationship and environmental aspects of trace elements. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, Badstral3e, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 413-421.

McDowell, L.R. and Conrad, J.H. (1977) Trace mineral nutrition in Latin America. World Animal Review, 24: 24-33.

McDowell, L.R., Conrad, J.H., Thomas, J.E., Harris, L.E. and Fick, K.R. (1977) Nuritional composition of Latin American forages. Trop. Anim. Prod., 2: 273-279.

McDowell, L.R., Salih, Y., Hentges, J.F. and Wilcox, C.J. (1986) Selenium supplementation and concentrations of selenium in cattle tissues and fluids. Florida Agric. Exp. Sta. J. Series No. 8568., pp. 1-9.

McFarlane, J.D. and Judson, G.J. (1991) A survey of the selenium status of cattle in the south east of South Australia. Proc. Aust. Soc. Anim, Prod., 18: 524.

McGrath, S.P. Sidoli, C.M.D., Baker, AJ.M. and Reeves, R.D. (1993) The potential for the use of metal-accumulating plants for the in situ decontamination of metal-polluted soils. In: Eijackers, H.J.P. and Hamers, T., ed. Integrated soil and sediment research: A basis for proper protection, Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Press, pp. 673-676.

McLaughlin, J.G., Cullen, J. and Forristal, T. (1989) Blood selenium concentrations in cattle on seleniferous pastures. Veterinary Record, 124: 426-427.

McMaster, D.,McCrum, E., McConville, M., Evans, A.E. and Love, AH.G. (1991) Northem Ireland: Another low selenium area. In: Momcilovic, B., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, Zagreb, Croatia, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, University of Zagreb, pp. 7-8 - 7-9.

McNeal, J.M. and Balistriei, L.S. (1989) Geochemistry and occurance of selenium: An overview. In: Jacobs, L.W., ed. Selenium in agriculture and the environment, SSSA Special Publication 23, Madison, WI, Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, pp. 1-14.

Meissner, D. (1993) Evaluation of trace element status using biochemical indicators. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, Badstral3e, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 1074- 1078.

Meizhi, Z. (1991) Adsorption and description of selenite by some soils and clay minerals. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 28(2): 140-145.

Meltzer, H.M., Blbow, K., Paulson, LT., Mundal, H.H. and Holm, G.N.H. (1993) Different bioavailability in humans of wheat and fish selenium as measured by blood platelet response to increased dietary Se. BioI. Trace Elem. Res., 36(3): 229-241.

Mertz, W. (1993) The history of the discovery of the essential trace elements. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, Badstral3e, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 22-27.

Mikkelsen, R.L., Mikkelsen, D.S. and Abshahi, A (1989) Effect of soil flooding on selenium transformations and accumulation by rice. Soil. Sci. Soc. Am. J., 53 (1): 122-127.

Mikkelsen, R.L., Page, AL. and Bingham, F.T. (1989) Factors affecting selenium accumulation by agricultural crops. In: Jacobs, L.W., ed. Selenium in agriculture and the environment, SSSA Special Publication 23, Madison, WI, Soil Science SOciety of America and American Society of Agronomy, pp. 65-94.

Misra, S.C. and Tripathi, N. (1970) Micronutrients of soils, Paper presented at the annual workshop of ICAR micronutrients scheme at PAU, Ludhiana, India.

382

Mitra, S. (1986) Mercury in the ecosystem. Its dispersion and pollution today, Switzerland-Germany, Trans Tech Publication, 326pp.

Moro, A., Gialanella, G., Zhang, Y.X., Perrone, L. and Di Toro, A. (1992) Trace elements in full term neonate hair. J. Trace Elem. Electrolytes Health Dis., 6: 27-31.

Morrow, D.A. (1968) Acute selenite toxicosis in lambs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 152: 1625-1629.

Moxon, A.L. (1937) Alkali disease or selenium poisoning. S. Oak. Agric. Exp. Sta. Tech. Bull., 311: 1-91.

Moxon, A.L. (1938) The effect of Arsenic on the toxicity of seleniferous grains. Science, 88: 81.

Moxon, A.L. and Palmquist, D.L. (1980) Selenium content of foods grown or sold in Ohio. Ohio Report, 65(1): 13-14.

Moxon, A.L., Rhian, M.A., Anderson, H.D. and Olson, O.E. (1944) Growth of steers on seleniferous range. J. Anim. Sci., 3(3): 299-309.

Mtimuni, J.P., Conrad, J.H. and McDowell, L.A. (1983) Effect of season in mineral concentrations in beef cattle in Malawi. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci., 13(1): 1-2.

Mtimuni, J.P., Mfitilodze, M.W. and McDowell, L.A. (1990) Inter- relationships of minerals in SOil-plant-animal system at Kuti ranch, Malawi. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 21 (5 & 6): 415-427.

Muhuntha, A. and Subramanian, A. (1991) Selenium toxicity in animals, Int. J Toxicol. Occup. and Environ. Hlth., 1 (1) : 254.

Muhuntha, A. and Subramanian, A. (1993a) Selenium in biological fluids and tissues in animals exhibiting toxic symptoms, Int. J. Toxicol. Occup. and Environ. Hlth., 2(1): 24.

Muhuntha, A. and Subramanian, A. (1993b) Quality control in selenium research, Int. J. Toxicol. Occup. and Environ. Hlth., 2(1) :103.

Muhuntha, A. and Subramanian, A. (1995a) Correlation of Se and Hg in cereals from a seleniferous area. In: The Proceedings of Vllth International Congress of Toxicology, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A., p39.

Muhuntha, A. and Subramanian, A. (1995b) Determination of Se in different water sources in an area affected with Se toxicity. In: The Proceedings of Vllth International Congress of Toxicology, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A., pS1.

Muth, O.H. (1963) White muscle disease, a Se responsive myopathy. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 142: 272-277.

Naddy, A.B., Lapoint, T.W. and Klaine, S.J. (1995) Toxicity of Ar, Mo and Se combinations to Ceriodaphnia dubia. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 14(2): 329-336.

Nano, J.L., Czerucka, D., Menguy, F., and Rampal, P. (1989) Effect of selenium on the growth of three human colon cancer cell lines. BioI. Trace. Elem. Res., 20(1 & 2): 31-44.

National Research Council. (1983) Selenium in nutrition, revised ed. Washinton, DC, National Academy Press, 174 pp.

Neal, A.H., Sposito, G., Holtzclow, K.M. and Traina, S.J. (1987) Selenite adsorption on alluvial soils : 1- Soil composition and pH effects. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 51: 1165-1169.

Neve, J. (1988) Biological parameters for assessing selenium status. In: Neve. J., and Favier, A., ed.

383

I i

"I :

Selenium in Medicine and Biology, New York, Walter de Gruyter, pp. 137-147.

Neve, J. (1990) Indications for trace element supplementation inthe elderly. Arztl. Lab., 36: 305-310.

Neve, J. (1991) Physiological and nutritional importance of selenium. Experientia, 47: 187-193.

North Carolina Department of Natural Resources and Community Development. (1986) North Carolina water quality standards documentation: The freshwater chemistry and toxicity of selenium with an emphasis on its effects in North Carolina. Report No. 86-02, Division of Environmental Management, Raleigh, NC., pp.18-37.

Ohlendorf, H.M. and Skorupa, J.P. (1989) Selenium in relation to wildlife and agricultural drainage water. In: Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on uses of selenium and tellurium. Darien, . CT., Selenium-Tellurium Development Association, pp. 314-338.

Okamoto, K., Morita, M., Quan, H., Uehiro, T. and Fuwa, K. (1985) Preparation and certification of human hair powder reference material. Clin. Chem., 31 (1 0): 1592-1597.

Oldfield, J.E. (1992) Risks and benefits in agricultural uses of selenium. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 14: 81-86.

Oldfield, J.E., Allaway, W.H., Draper, H.H., Frost, D.V.; Jensen, L.S. Scott, M.l. and Wright, P.L. (1971) Selenium nutrition, Washington, D.C., National Academy of Sciences, 79pp.

Olson, O.E., Whitehead, E.1. and Moxon, A.l. (1942) Occurrence of soluble selenium in soils and its availability to plants. Soil Sci., 54: 47-53.

Oster, O. and Prellwitz, W. (1989) The daily dietary selenium intake of West German adults. BioI. Trace Elem. Res., 20(1 & 2): 1-14.

Oster, O. and Prellwitz, W. (1990) The renal excretion of selenium. BioI. Trace Elem. Res., 29: 119-146.

Ovaskainen, M.l., Virtamo, J., Alfthan, G., Haukka, J., Pietinen, P., Taylor, P.A. and Huttunen, J.K. (1993) Toenail selenium as an indicator of selenium intake among middle aged men in an area with low soil selenium. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 57(5): 662-665.

Pastrana, A., McDowell, L.A., Conrad, J.H. and Wilkinson, N.S. (1991) Mineral status of sheep in the Paramo region of Colombia. II. Trace minerals. Small Ruminant research, 5: 23-34.

Parr, A.M., Muramatsu, Y. and Clements, S.A. (1987) Survey and evaluation of available biological reference materials for trace element analysis. Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem., 326: 601-608.

Patel, C.A. and Mehta, B.V. (1970) Selenium status of soils and common fodders in Gujarat. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 40(5): 389-399.

Perry, T.W., Beeson, W.M., Smith, W.H. and Mohler, M.T. (1976) Effect of supplemental selenium on performance and deposit of selenium in blood and hair of finishing beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci., 42(1): 192-195.

Phillips, J.M., Brown, A.H.Jr. and Parham, R.W. (1989) Growth of the beef calf with selenium supplementation. Nutrition Reports International, 39(3): 537-545.

Pinta, M. (1982) Modern methods for trace element analysis, Ann Arbor, Michigan, Ann Arbor Science Publishers, pp. 228-239.

Prasad, T. and Arora, S.P. (1980) Studies on 75-Se accumulation in rice plants and its effect on yield. Nuclear Agric. BioI., 9: 77-78.

384

Prasad, T., and Arora, S.P. (1991 ).Influence of different sources of injected selenium on certain enzymes, glutathione and adenosylmethionine concentration in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves. Br. J. Nur. 66: 261-267.

Prasad, T., Arora, S.P. and Chopra, A.C. (1982) Selenium toxicity as induced by feeding rice husk to buffalo calves: A Clinical case report. Indian Vet. J., 59: 235-237.

Presser, T.S. and Ohlendorf, H.M. (1987) Biogeochemical cycling of selenium in the San Joaquin Valley, Califomia, U.S.A. Environmental Management, 11 (6): 805-821.

Presser, T.S., Sylvester, M.A. and Low, W.H. (1994) Bio-accumulation of selenium from natural geologic sources in western states and its potential consequences. Environmental Management, 18(3): 423-436.

Quevauviller, P., Maier, E.A., Vercoutere, K., Muntau, H. and Griepink, B. (1992) Certified reference material (CRM 397) for the quality control of trace element analysis of human hair. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 343: 335-338.

Quinn, N.W.T. (1989) A screening study of management alternatives for selenium drainage reduction in the San Joaquin Valley of Califomia. In: Jacobs, L.W., ed. Selenium in agriculture and the environment, SSSA Special Publication 23, Madison, WI, Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, pp. 213-233.

Raisbeck, M.F., Dahl, E.A., Sanchez, D.A. Belden, E.L. and O'Toole, D. (1993) Naturally occuring selenosis in Wyoming. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 5(1): 84-87.

Randall, J.A. and Gibson, A.S. (1989) Hair chromium as an index of chromium exposure of tannery workers. Br. J. Ind. Med., 46: 171-175.

Rasberry, D.S. (1988) NBS activities in biological reference materials. Frensenius Z. Anal. Chem., 332: 528-532.

Raspor, B. (1991) Metals and metal compounds in water. In: Merian, E., ed. Metals and their compounds in the environment, Weinheim, Germany, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, pp. 233-256.

Reid, R.L. and Horvath, D.L. (1980) Soil chemistry and mineral problems in farm livestock - A review. Ani. Feed Sci. and Techn., 5: 95-167.

Riedel, G.F., Ferrier, D.P. and Sanders, J.G. (1991) Uptake of selenium by freshwater phytoplankton. Water Air Soil Pollut., 57-58: 23-30.

Robertson, D.S.F. (1970) Selenium - A possible teratogen? Lancet, 1: 518.

Rojas, L.X., McDowell, L.A., Wilkinson, N.S. and Martin, F.G. (1993) Mineral status of soil, forages and beef cattle in Southern Venezuela. - II. Microminerals. Int. J. Anim. Sci., 8: 183-188.

Ropstad, E., Froslie, A. and Landsverk, K. (1988) Selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activity in blood, plasma and reproductive organs in dairy cows. Acta Vet. Scand., 29(3-4): 431-435.

Rosenfeld, I and Beath, O.A. (1964). Selenium: Geobotany, biochemistry, toxicity and nutrition, New York, Academic Press, Inc., 409 pp.

Russell, E. W. (1973) Soil conditions and plant growth, 10th ed., London, English Language Book Society, 849 pp.

Russell, J.S. and William, C.H. (1982) Biogeochemical interactions of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus in Australianagroecosystems. In: Gulbathy, I.E. and Sevey, J.A. ed., The cycling of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus, in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, Canberra, Press ACMR Science, pp. 61-75.

385

Saiki, M.K. and Lowe, T.P. (1987) Selenium in aquatic organisms from subsurface agricultural drainage water, San Joaquin Valley, California. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 16: 657-670.

Saiki, M.K., Jennings, M.R and Brumbaugh, W.G. (1993) Boron, molybedenum, and selenium in aquatic food chains from the Lower San Jaquin river and its tributaries, California Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 24: 307-319.

Saiki, MK, Jennings, M.R and May, T.W. (1992) Selenium and other elements in freshwater from the irrigated San Joaquin Valley, California. Sci. Total Environ, 126: 109-137.

Saiki, M.K., Jennings, M.R. and Wiedmeyer, R.H. (1992) Toxicity of agricultural subsurface drainwater from the San JoaquinValley, Califomia, to juvenile chinook salmon and striped bass. Tran. Am. Fish Soc., 121: 78-93.

Salbe, A.D., Morris, V.C. and Levander, O.A. (1993) Selenium content of rat hair, nails and other tissues as affected by concurrent exposure to toxic elements. Nutr. Res.,13: 31-36.

Schmidt, S. and Wheldrake, J.F. (1993) Accumulation of unsulphated precursors in Dictyostelium discoideum during selenate inhibition of growth. Mol. Cell Biochem., 126: 109-114.

Schrauzer, G.N. (1976) Cancer mortality correlation studies. II. Regional association of mortalities with the consumptions of food and other commodities. Medic. Hypoth., 2: 39-49.

Schrauzer, G.N. (1984) Selenium in nutritional cancer prophylaxis: An update. In: Prasad, A., ed. Vitamins, nutrition and cancer, Switzerland, S. Karger-Basel, pp. 240-250.

Schrauzer, G.N., Molenaar, T., Kuehn, K. and Waller, D. (1989) Effect of simulated American, Bulgarian and Japanese human diets and of selenium supplementation on the incidence of virally induced mammary tumors in female mice. BioI. Trace Elem. Res., 20(1 & 2): 169-178.

Schroeder, W.H., Dobson, M., Kane, D.M. and Johnson, N.D. (1987) Toxic trace elements asociated with airborne particulate matter:A review. JAPCA, 37(11): 1267-1285.

Schuler, C.A., Anthony, RG. and Ohlendorf, H.M. (1990) Selenium in wet-lands and waterfowl foods at Kesterson Reservoir, California, 1984. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 19: 845-853.

Schultz, R. and Hermanutz, R. (1990) Transfer of toxic concentrations of selenium from parent to progeny in the fathead minnow (Pimepha/es promelas). Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol, 45: 568-573.

Schwarz, K. (1951) Production of dietary necrotic liver degeneration using American torula yeast. Proc. Soc. Exp. BioI. Med., 77: 818-823.

Schwarz, K. and Foltz, C.M. (1958) Factor-3 activity of Se compounds. L. BioI. Chem., 233: 245.

Scott, M.L., Hill, F.W., Norris, L.C., Dobson, D.C. and Nelson, T.S. (1955) Studies on vitamin E in poultry nutrition. J. Nutr., 56; 387-402.

Searight, W.V., Moxon, A.L., Whitehead, E.1. and Viets, F.G. Jr. (1947) Detailed mapping of seleneferous vegetation on soils of Pierre origin. Proc. S. Oak. Acad. Sci., 26: 87-98.

Shallow, M., Ellis, N.J.S. and Judson, G.J. (1989) Sex - related responses to vitamin B-12 and trace element supplementation in prime lambs. Aust. Vet. J., 66: 250-251.

Shamberger, RJ. (1981) Selenium in the environment. Sci. Total Environ., 17: 59-74.

Shamberger, RJ. (1983) Biochemistry of selenium: Biochemistry of the trace elements, Vol. 2, New York, Plenum Press, 333 pp.

Sharma, RC. and Bhargava. G.P. (1978) Soil survey of the operation research project area for the

386

reclamation of alkali soils. Report No.8, Karnal, India, Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, ICAR, 72 pp.

Sharma, S. and Singh, R. (1983) Selenium in soil, plant and animal systems. CRC Critical Reviews in Environmental Control, 13(1): 23-45.

Sharma, S., Singh, R. and Bhat1acharrya, AK (1981) Perspective of selenium research in soil, plant, animal system in India. Fertiliser News, 26: 19-28.

Shen, L.H., Van Dael, P. and Deelstra, H. (1993) Evaluation of an in vitro method for the estimation of the selenium availability from cow's milk. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch., 197: 342-345.

Shirlaw, J.F. (1939) Deg-Nala disease of buffaloes: An account of the lesions and essential pathology. Indian J. Vet. Sci. Anim. Hus., 9: 173-177.

Shrift, A. (1964) A selenium cycle in nature? Nature, 201: 1304-1305.

Sies, H. (1989) Metabolism and disposition of ebselen. In: Wendel, A., ed. Selenium in biology and medicine, New York, Springer Verlag, pp. 153-162.

Simonoff, M., Sergeant, C .• Razafindrabe, L., Hamon, C., Pellegrin, J.l., Brossard, G., Barbeau, P., Leng, B., Conri, C., Peuchant, E. and Clere, M. (1993) Plasma trace element levels in 89 HIV infected patients: Correlation with nutritional and immunological status. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, Badstraf3e, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 768-771.

Singh, B. (1990) Pathological aspects of diseases of buffaloes. In: Proceedings of " World Buffalo Congress Vol. 1, New Delhi, Everest Press, pp. 118-122.

Singh, M. (1975) Effect of N-carriers, soil type and genetic variation on growth and accumulation of Se, N, P and S in Sorghum and Cowpea. Fodder Res., 1: 68-75.

Singh, M., Ahuja, R.L. and Khanna, S.S. (1985) Soils of Haryana and their management. In: Alexander, T.M. ed. Soils of India and their management, New Delhi, The Fertiliser Association of India, pp. 130-148.

Singh, M. and Bhandari, OK (1974) Se and P interaction in Pea. In: Symposium on use of radiations and radioisotopes in studies of plant productivity, April 12-14, Pant Nagar, India.

Singh, M. and Kumar, P. (1976) Se distribution in soils of bioclimatic zones of Haryana, J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci., 24(1): 56-62.

Singh, M. and Malhotra, P .K. (1976) Selenium availability in Berseem as affected by selenium and phosphorous application. Plant Soil, 44: 261-266.

Singh, M. and Singh, N. (1977) Effect of Sand Se on S containing amino acids and quality of oil in Raya in normal and sodic soil. Ind. J. Plant Physiol., 20(1): 56-62.

Singh, M. and Singh, N. (1978) Selenium toxicity in plants and its detoxication by phosphorus. Soil Sci., 126: 255-262.

Singh, M., Bhandari, O.K. and Singh, N. (1976) Effect of Se and S on the growth of Sorghum. Indian J. Plant Physiol., 19(1): 108-111.

Singh, M., Narwal, B. P. and Singh, J.P. (1979) Effect of Se and S compounds on the growth of forage Cowpea, J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci., 27(1): 65-69.

Singh, M., Singh, N. and Bhandari, O.K. (1980) Interaction of Se: S on the growth and chemical composition of Raya. Soil Sci., 129(4): 238-244.

387

Singh, M., Singh, N. and Relan, P.S. (1981) ·Adsorption and desorption of selenite and selenate selenium on different soils. Soil Sci., 132: 134-141.

Smith, M.1. and Westfall, B.B. (1937) Further field studies on the Se problem in relation to public health. U.S. Public Health Rep., 52: 1375-1384.

Smyth, J.B., Wang, J.H., Barlow, R.M., Humphreys, D.J., Robins, M. and Stodulski, J.B. (1990) Experimental acute selenium intoxication in lambs. J. Compo Pathol. 102(2): 197-209.

Soltanpour, P.N. (1985) Use of ammonium bicarbonate DTPA soil test to evaluate elemental availability and toxiCity. Commun, Soil Sci. Plant. AnaL, 16: 323-338.

Sorsen, E.M.B. (1988) Selenium accumulation, reproductive status, and histopathological changes in environmentally exposed redear sunfish. Arch. Toxicol., 61: 324-329.

Spallholz, J.E., Martin, J.L. and Ganther, H. E. (1981) Selenium in biology and medicine, Westport, Connecticut, AVI Publishing Company, Inc., 573 pp.

Suadicani, P., Hein, H.O. and Gyntelberg, F. (1992) Serum selenium concentration and risk of ischaemic heart disease in a prospective cohort study of 3000 males. Atherosclerosis, 96: 33-42.

Subramanian, K.S. (1991) Trace elements in biological fluids. In: Subramanian, K.S., Iyengar, G.Y. and Okamoto, K., ed. Biological trace element research: Multidisciplinary perspectives. Washington, DC., American Chemical Society, pp. 130-157.

Subramanian, R. and Muhuntha, A. (1993a) Blood and hair as an indicator of selenium toxicity in buffaloes of Kamal area. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, Badstraf3e, Germany, Verlag Media Tounstik, pp. 1100-1103.

Subramanian, R. and Muhuntha, A. (1993b) Selenium in milk and rice of a Se rich area. In: The Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Nutrition, Adelaide, Australia, 26 September - 10 October, 1993, p. 50.

Subramanian, R. and Muhuntha, A. (1993c) Soil-fodder-animal relationship of selenium toxicity in buffaloes. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, Badstraf3e, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp. 498-501.

Subramanian, R. and Sukumar, A.(1988) Biological referece materials and analysis of the elements. Fresenius Z. Anal.Chem., 332: 623-626.

Sukumar, A. and Subramanian, R. (1992a) Elements in hair and nails of residents from village adjacent to New Delhi: Influence of place of occupation and smoking habits. BioI. Trace Elem. Res., 34: 99-105.

Sukumar, A. and Subramanian, R. (1992b) Trace elements in scalp hair of manufacturers of fireworks from Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu. Sci. Total Environ., 114: 161-168.

Taman, Y., Murakami, M., Tsuji, H. and Kusaka, Y. (1991 )Selenium content of breast and formula milk and selenium intake of infants. Biomed. Res. Trace Elements, 2(2): 57-58.

Tan, Jian'an and Huang, Y. (1991) Selenium in geo-ecosystem and its relation to endemic diseases in china. Water, Air and Soil Pollut., 57-58: 59-68.

Tan, Jian'an, Ri-Bang, L., Da-Xian, Z., Zhen-Yuan, Z., Shao-fan, H., Wu-Yi, W. and Wen-Yu, Z. (1984) Selenium ecological chemicogeography and endemic Keshan disease and Kaschin-Beck disease in China. In : Combs, Jr. G. F., Levander, OA, Spallholz, J. E. and Oldfield, J.E., ed. Selenium in biology and medicine, New York, AVI Publishers, pp. 859-876.

Tanaka, T., Aoki, Y., Tamase, K., Umoto, F., Ohbayashi, H.,lmou, M. and Sasaki, M. (1992) Improved method for determination of total mercury and its applications to vegetables and fruits in markets. J.

388

Food Hygienic Society Jap., 33(4): 359-364.

Taylor. J.K. (1988) The role of statistics in quality assurance. Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem., 332(6): 722-725.

Tekchandani, N. and Arora, S.P. (1978) Incorporation of 75-Se-L-selenomethionine in rabbit tissue proteins and rumen microbial proteins in the cow. Indian J. Dairy Sci., 31 (4): 345-349.

The Research Group of Environment and Endemic diseases. Institute of Geography, CAS. (1990) Kaschin-Beck disease in China: Geographical epidemiology and its environmental pathogenicity.The Journal of Chinese Geography, 1 (1): 71-83.

Thompson, J.N. and Scott, M.L (1968) Selenium deficiency in chick and its effect upon the requirement for vitamin E. Fed. Proc., 27; 417.

Tokunaga, T.K., Lipton, D.S., Benson, S.M., Yee, A.W., Oldfather, J.M., Duckart, E.C:, Johannis, P.W. and Halvorsen, K.E. (1991) Soil selenium fractionation, depth profiles and time trends in a vegetated site at Kesterson reservoir. Water, Air and Soil Pollut., 57-58: 31-41.

Tomei, F.A., Barton, L.L., Lemanski, C.L. and Zocco, T.G. (1992) Reduction of selenate and selenite to elemental selenium by Wolinella succinogenes. Can. J. Microbiol., 38: 1328-1333.

Tripathi, N. and Misra, S.G. (1974) Uptake of applied Se by plants. Ind. J. Agric. Sci., 44(12): 804-807.

Tripathi, N. and Misra, S.G. (1975) Selenium retention in some Indian soils. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 23(1): 103-108.

Turner, M.A. and Rudd, J.M.M. (1983) The English-Wabigoon river system. III Selenium in lake enclosures: Its geochemistry, bioaccumulation and ability to reduce mercury bioaccumulation. Can. J. Fish Aquat. Sci., 40: 2228-2250.

Turner, R.J. and Finch, J.M. (1991) Selenium and the immune response. Proceedings of Nutrition Society, 50: 275-285.

Underwood, E.J. (1956) Trace elements in human and animal nutrition, New York, Academic Press, 344pp.

UNEP/FAOIIAEA Determination of total selenium in selected marine organisms by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Reference Methods for Marine Pollution Studies NO.10, UNEP 1984.

UNEP/FAOIlAEAlIOC: Determination of total cadmium, zinc, lead and copper in selected marine organisms by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Reference Methods for Marine Pollution Studies No. 11 Rev. 1, UNEP 1984.

UNEPIWHOIIAEA: Guidelines for monitoring the quality of coastal recreational and shellfish growing areas. Reference, Methods for Marine Pollution Studies No.1, Rev. 1, UNEP 1988.

US PHS (1989) Toxicological profile for selenium. Atlanta, Georgia, Agency for toxic substances and disease registry, 185pp.

U.S.Salinity Labratory Staff (1968) Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils. USDA Handbook No:60, New Delhi, Oxford and IBH Publications, 160 pp.

Valdes, J.L., Mc Dowell, L.R. and Koger, M. (1988) Mineral status and supplementation of grazing beef cattle under tropical conditions in Guatemala. I - Macro elements. J. Prod. Agric., 1(4): 347-350.

Valentine, J.L.. Kang, H.K., Faraji, B. and Lachenbruch, P.A. (1989) Selenium status and age effects In: Wendel, A., ed. Selenium in Biology and Medicine, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, pp. 286-296.

389

Valle, G., McDowell, L.A., Wilkinson, N.S. and Wright, D. (1993) Selenium .concentration of bermudagrass after spraying with sodium selenate. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant AnaL, 24(13 & 14): 1763-1768.

Vanden brandt, P.A., Goldbohm, A.A., Vantveer, P., Dorant, P.B.E., Hermus, A.J.J. and Sturmans, F. (1993) A prospective cohort study on selenium status and the risk of lung cancer. Cancer Research, 53(20): 4860-4865.

Van Dorst, S., Thomton, I. and Wuyi, W. (1986) Geochemical influences on selenium pathways in the soil-plant-animal system. In: Proceedings of the Spurenelementsymp. -5, Jena, Germany, Friedrich Schiller University, pp. 605-614.

Van Noord, P.A.H., Maas, M.J., and De Bruin, M. (1992). Nail keratin as monitor tissue for selenium exposure, Trace Elem. Med., 9(4): 203-208.

Van Ryssen, J.B.J. and Bradfield, G.D. (1992) An assessment of the selenium, copper and zinc status of sheep on cultivated pastures in the Natal midlands. J.S. Afr. Vet. Ass., 63(4): 156-161.

Van Saun, A.J., Herdt, T.H. and Stowe, H.D. (1989) Maternal and fetal selenium concentrations and their interrelationships indairy cattle. J. Nutr., 119: 1128-1137.

Van't Veer, P., Van der Wielen, A.P.J., Kok, F.J. Hermus, A.J.J. and Sturmans, F. (1990) Selenium in diet, blood and toenails in relation to breast cancer: A case-control study. Am. J. EpidemioL, 131: 987-994.

Varo, P., Alfthan, G., Huttunen, J.K. and Aro, A (1993) Nationwide selenium supplementation in Finland- Effects on diet, blood and tissue levels and health. In: Burk, A.F., ed. Selenium in biology and human health, Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 199-218.

Vendeland, S.C., Deagen, J.T. and Whanger, P.O. (1992) Uptake of selenotrisulfides of glutathione and cysteine by brush border membranes from rat intestines. J. Inorg. Biochem., 47(2): 131-140.

Vivekanandan, G., Krishnasamy, V., Ayyadurai, K. and Swami nathan C.S. (1993) Studies on the concentration of selenium and arsenic in cow and buffalo milk. J. Environ. BioL, 14(4): 261-266.

Vivoli, G., Vinceti, M., Rovesti, S. and Bergomi, M. (1993) Selenium drinking water and mortality for chronic diseases. In: Anke, M., Meissner, D. and Mills, C.F., ed. Trace elements in man and animals, BadstraBe, Germany, Verlag Media Touristik, pp.951-954.

Vuori, E., Vaariskoshi, J., Hartikainen, H., Kumpulainen, J., Aarnio, T. and Niinivaara, K. (1994) A long-term study of selenate sorption in Finnish cultivated soils. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment, 48: 91-98.

Wang, D. (1994) Determination of total selenium and dissolved species in natural waters by fluorimetry. Environ. Sci. Tech., 28 (3): 383-387.

Wang, D., Alfthan, G., Aro, A and Soveri, J. (1993) Anthropogenic emissions of selenium in Finland. Applied Geochemistry, Supplement 2: 87-93.

Wang, D., Alfthan, G., Aro, A, Kauppi, L. and Soveri, J. (1991) Selenium in tap water and natural water ecosystems in Finland. In: Aitio, A, Aro, A., Jarvisalo, J. and Vainio, H., ed. Trace elements in health and disease, London, The Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 49-56.'

Wang, D., Alfthan, G., Aro, A, Makela, A, Knuuttila, A and Hammer, T.(1995) The impact of Se supplemented fertilization in lake ecosystems in Finland. Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 54(1-2): 137-142.

Wang, D. and Sippola, J.K. (1990). Selenium in soil extracts and plants determined by fluorometry, Ann, Agric. Fenn., 29: 151-156.

390

Wang, Y.X., Qin, J.F., Wu, S.M. and Yan, l.B. (1990) Study on the relation of Se, Mn, Fe, Sr, Pb, Zn, Cu and Ca to liver cancer mortality from analysis of scalp hair. Sci. Total Environ., 91: 191-198.

Wang Wuyi and Peterson, P.J. (1990) The volatilization of selenium from some soils in China. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J., Li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed., Environmental life elements and health, Beijing, China, Science press, pp. 79-83.

Watanabe, C., Udono, T., Shioiri, H. and Satoh, H. (1993) Change in the level of tissue selenium after a single administration of mercuric chloride in mice. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 51: 24-29.

Wendel, A. (1989) Selenium in biology and medicine. New York, Springer-Verlag, 330 pp.

Weres, 0., Bowman, H.R., Goldstein, A., Smith, E.C., Tsao, L. and Harnden, W. (1990) The effect of nitrate and organic matter upon mobility of selenium in groundwater and in water treatment process. Water, Air and Soil Pollut., 49: 251-272.

Whanger, P.O. (1992) Selenium in the treatment of heavy metal posioning and chemical carCinogenesis. J. Trace Elem. Electrolytes Health Dis., 6(4): 209-221.

Whelan, B.A. (1993) Effect of barium selenate fertilizer on the concentrationof barium in pasture and sheep tissues. J. Agric. Food Chem., 41 (5): 768-770.

Whelan, B.A., Peter, D. W. and Barrow, N.J. (1994) Selenium fertilizers for the pastures grazed by sheep. I. Selenium concentrations in whole blood and plasma. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 45: 863-875.

WHO (1987) Environmental Health Criteria 58, Selenium. Geneva, World Health Organisation, 306 PP.

WHO (1993) Guidelines for drinking water quality. Volume 1: Recommendations, Geneva, World Health Organisation, 188 pp.

Wiener, G. and Woolliams, J.A. (1983) Genetic variation in trace element metabolism. In: Suttle, N.F., Gunn,A.G., Allen, W.M., and Linklater, K.A. and Wiener, G., ed., Trace elements in animal production and veterinary practice, Occasional Publication - British Society of Animal Production, Vol. 7, pp. 27-3S.

Wiersma, D., Vangoor, B.J. and Van Der Veen, N.G., (1986) Cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic contaminations in crops and corresponding soils in the Netherlands. J. Agric. Food Chern., 34: 1067-1074.

Williams, C. and Thornton, I. (1972) The effect of soil addatives on the uptake of Mo and Se from soils from different environments. Plant Soil, 36: 395-406.

Williams, S.N., McDowell, l.A., Lawrence, l.A" Wilkinson, N.S., Ferguson, P.W. and Warnic, A.C. (1991) Criteria to evaluate bone mineralization in cattle: II - Noninvasive techniques. J. Anim. Sci., 69: 1243-1254.

Witte, S.T. and Will, l.A. (1993) Investigation of selenium sources associated with chronic selenosis in horses of Western Iowa. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 5(1): 128-131.

Xia Weiping and Tan Jian'an (1990) A comparitive study of rock in China. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J., Li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed., Environmental life elements and health, Beijing, China, Science press, pp. 75-78.

Xu, 8., Chia, S.E., Tsakok, M. and Ong, C.N. (1993) Trace elements in blood and seminal plasma and their relationship to sperm quality. Reproductive Toxicology, 7(6): 613-618.

Yamada, H. and Hattori, T. (1990) Determination of soluble selenium in soils. Soil Sci. Plant. Nutr., 36(1): 163-166.

Yang, G. Li, J., Liu, H. and Li, Z. (1990) Antagonism of selenium against deleterious effects of

391

manganese on ventricular fibers. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J., li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed. Environmental life elements and health, Beijing, China, Science press, pp. 292-296.

Yang, G.O., Zhou, A.H., Yin, SA and Gu, L.Z. (1990) Studies of marginal level and safe range of human dietary selenium intake in China. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J., li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed., Environmental life elements and health, Beijing, China, Science press, pp. 161-166.

Ylaranta, T. (1983) Sorption of selenite and selenate on the soil. Ann. Agric. Fenn., 22: 29-39.

Yoshida, M. and Yasumoto, K.(1987) Selenium contents of rice grown at various sites of Japan. J. Food Composition AnaL, 1: 71-75.

Zeisler, A., Greenberg, A.A., Stone, S.F. and Sullivan, T.M. (1988) Long-term stability of the elemental composition in biological materials. Fresenius Z. Anal. Chern., 332: 612-615.

Zhang, X., Ren, S., li, W., Wang, W. Zhang, Y. and Wang, J. (1990) Selenium in drinking water and it's relationship with human health in China. In: Tan Jian'an, Peterson, P.J., li Jiyun and Wang Wuyi, ed., Environmental life elements and health, Beijing, China, Science press, pp. 191-194.

Zhang, X.Y., Shi, B. and Spallholz, J.E. (1993) The selenium content of selected meats, seafoods and vegetables from Lubbock, Texas. BioI. Trace Elem. Res., 39(2-3): 161-169.

Zhao, M.Z. (1991). Adsorption and desorption of selenite by some soils and clay mirierals, Acta Pedologica Sinica, 28(2): 139-145.

392