Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on...

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Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution • Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity that characterizes it today. • Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection on November 24, 1859. It was the first convincing case for evolution.

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Transcript of Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on...

Page 1: Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity.

Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution

• Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity that characterizes it today.

• Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection on November 24, 1859. It was the first convincing case for evolution.

Page 2: Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity.

Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution

• Darwin made two major points:

1. Species evolved from ancestral species and were not specially created.

2. Natural selection is a mechanism that could result in this evolutionary change.

Page 3: Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity.

Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution

I. A Historical Context for Evolutionary Theory.

A. Western culture resisted evolutionary views of life.– The Scale of Nature and Natural Theology

– Cuvier, fossils, and catastrophism

Page 4: Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity.

Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution

I. Historical Context for Evolutionary Theory.

B. Theories of geological gradualism helped clear the path for evolutionary biologists.– James Hutton:Gradualism– Charles Lyell: Uniformitarianism

Page 5: Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity.

Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution

I. Historical Context for Evolutionary Theory.

C. Lamarck placed fossils in an evolutionary context. – Use and disuse

– Inheritance of acquired characteristics

Page 6: Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity.

Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution

II. The Darwinian Revolution

A. Field research helped Darwin frame his view of life.– The Voyage of the Beagle– Darwin focuses on adaptation

Page 7: Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity.

Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution

II. The Darwinian Revolution

B. The Origin of Species developed two main points: the occurrence of evolution and natural selection as its mechanism.– Descent with modification

– Natural selection and adaptation

Page 8: Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity.

Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution

III. Evidence of Evolution

A. Evidence of evolution pervades biology.– Biogeography-The geographical distribution of species.

– Fossil Record-It is incomplete but shows general trends in evolution.

Distribution on moonjellyfish

Page 9: Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity.

Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution

III. Evidence of Evolution

A. Evidence of evolution pervades biology.

– Comparative Anatomy

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

Page 10: Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity.

Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution

III. Evidence of Evolution• Comparative Embryology• Molecular Biology-DNA

Page 11: Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the enormous diversity.

Chapter 22: Darwin and Evolution

III. Evidence of Evolution

A. What is theoretical about the Darwinian view of life?


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