Chapter 20 Study NotesOcean Water

1• A layer of _____ covering ocean water

in Polar Regions is called ____ ______. – ice – pack ice.

2• A major problem for ________ is

________. – aquaculture – pollution.

3• As deep ocean water becomes

________, it also becomes ________ and ______ through the ocean basins.– colder, – denser– sinks

4• As the ________ changes, the ocean

and atmosphere are continuously exchanging ___________. – temperature – gases.

5• By studying variations in _____ in the

ocean, scientists can determine the presence of ________.– color – phytoplankton.

6• _______________ dissolve most easily

in _____________ ocean water.– Gases – cold

7• In addition to increased use of _____

chemicals, increased world _______ has reduced the ocean’s ability to renew itself.– toxic – population

8• ______ _______ live in the ______ zone.

– Marine – mammals – pelagic

9• Most ______________ enters the ocean

from the ______________________. – oxygen – atmosphere

10• Most offshore ________ and petroleum

deposits are found along continental _________________. – oil– margins.

11• Most wavelengths of visible ______

are absorbed by ocean water and microscopic sea life, the one color that is most _________ is _______.– light – reflected – blue.

12• Ocean water ________ depends on the

solar energy an area receives and the water’s ________________. – temperature – movement.

13• ______ are the foundation of life in the

ocean because they form the base of the ocean ______ _____.– Plankton – food chain.

14• _____ is the “_______of life” in the

ocean. – Plankton – foundation

15• Raising aquatic plants and animals

for human consumption is __________. – aquaculture.

16• _____ _____ are an example of _______.

– Sea sponges – benthos.

17• Some of the most deadly _________

found in ocean water today include mercury, toxic chemicals such as DDT, and ________.– pollutants – lead.

18• The most ______ ocean resource,

found beneath the ocean floor, is _________. – valuable – petroleum.

19• The Ocean is often referred to as a

______ _____ because it contains 60 times more carbon than the atmosphere. – carbon– sink

20• The ocean is the main source of the

_____ minerals _______ and _______. – trace – magnesium – bromine.

21• The ocean zone that receives the

______ _____ energy and is home to the most diverse ocean life forms is the ______ _________.– most – solar – pelagic zone.

22• The process of _______ salt from

ocean water is called ___________.– removing – desalination.

23• ________ elements in the ocean are

those minerals that are _______ in amount.– Trace – smallest

24• When surface ocean water is ______

by solar energy, its density _________.– warmed – decreases.

THE END