CHEMISTRY – Chapter 1 & 2 Matter, Measurements, and Calculations.
Chapter 2: Measurements
Transcript of Chapter 2: Measurements
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How do scientists express uncertainty in measurement?
ChemistryBC High SchoolKuzara
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What is the length of the board?
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…how about now?
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Is this any better?
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One last time…
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Reporting measurements using significant figures
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Reporting Measurements using significant figures
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Rules for determining significant figures
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How many significant figures?
1. 103 m2. 57.6080 s3. 0.024 g4. 120 kg5. 100.0 mL6. 250. km
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Rules for Making Calculations with Significant Figures
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Carry out the following calculations and report your answer with the correct number of significant figures.
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Rules for Rounding
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Round each value to three significant figures
1. 23.42 m2. 0.4059 s3. 45.75 L4. 110.59 g5. 23.851 kg
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Putting a number into scientific notation All numbers, regardless of magnitude, can
be expressed in the form: N x 10n where 1<N<10 n is a positive or negative integer
When written in standard form there must be one digit, and only one digit to the left of the decimal point in the number N.
standard: 1.23 x 106 non-standard: 123 x 104
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Positive Exponents 36,600 exponent of 10 is a positive whole
number value of the exponent = number of
places the decimal point must be moved so that the notation is in standard form.
36,600 x 100 Non-standard 3.66 x 104 Standard
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Negative Exponents 0.00563 exponent of 10 is a negative whole
number value of the exponent = number of
places the decimal point must be moved so that the notation is in standard form
0.00563 x 100 Non-standard 5.63 x 10-3 Standard
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Write each value in scientific notation.
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Convert to Scientific Notation
1. 727 m2. 17200.0 s3. 0.000984 kg
1. 1.56 x 104 m2. 3.6 x 10-2 kg
Convert to Decimal Form
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Rules for calculations with scientific notation.
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Write this down!
NEVER EVERenter x 10 ^ into your
calculator!
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Calculate
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Calculate
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Calculate
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SI Base Units
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SI Unit Prefixes