Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Health Care Data Quality

Chapter 2

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Learning ObjectivesDiscuss the relationship between

health care data and health care information.

Identify problems associated with poor quality health care data.

Define the characteristics of data quality.

Discuss the challenges associated with measuring and ensuring health care data quality.

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

OutlineData vs. InformationProblems with poor quality dataEnsuring Data QualityData ErrorsUsing IT to improve Data Quality

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Data vs. InformationInformation is processed data

Health care information is processed health care data

Knowledge is a “combination or rules, relationships, ideas, and experience” (Johns, 1997)

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

From Data to Knowledge

Health Care Data

Health Care Information

Health Care

Knowledge

Processing

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Problems of Poor Quality Data

Diminished quality of Patient care data can lead to problems withPatient careCommunication among providers & patients

DocumentationReimbursement Outcomes assessment Research

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Problems of Poor Quality Data

Medical Record Institute cites problems with (MRI, 2004) Patient Safety Public Safety Continuity of Patient Care Health Care Economics Clinical Research and Outcomes

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Ensuring Data/Information Quality

Medical Record Institute Principles of Health Care Documentation (MRI, 2004) Unique Patient Identification within

and across systems Health care documentation must be

Accurate and consistent Complete Timely Interoperable across systems Accessible Auditable

Confidential and secure authentication and accountability must be provided

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Ensuring Data/Information Quality

MRI takes the position that when practitioners interact with electronic resources they have an increased ability to meet the these guidelines.

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Ensuring Data/Information Quality

Accessibility Consistency Currency Granularity Precision

Accuracy Comprehensivene

ss Definition Relevancy Timeliness

AHIMA Data Quality Management Model: Data Characteristics

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Data Errors

SystematicRandom

Causes of Poor Quality Data (Arts, DeKeizer & Schaffer, 2002)

Systematic Random

Unclear data definitionsUnclear data collection guidelinesPoor interface designProgramming errorsIncomplete data sourceUnsuitable data format in the sourceData dictionary is lacking or not

availableData dictionary is not adhered toGuidelines or protocols are not

adhered toLack of insufficient data checksNo system for correcting detected

data errorsNo control over adherence to

guidelines and data definitions

Illegible handwriting in data sourceTyping errorsLack of motivationFrequent personnel turnoverCalculation errors (not built into the

system)

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Activities for Improving Data Quality (Arts, DeKeizer & Schaffer, 2002)

Data Error Prevention Compose a minimum set of necessary

data items Define data and data characteristics

in a data dictionary Develop a data collection protocol Create user friendly data entry forms

or interface Compose data checks Create a quality assurance plan Train and motivate users

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Activities for Improving Data Quality (Arts, DeKeizer & Schaffer, 2002)

Data Error Detection Perform automatic data checks Perform data quality audits Review data collection protocols and

procedures Check inter- and intraobserver

varability (if appropropriate) Visually inspect completed forms

(online or otherwise) Routinely check completeness of data

entry

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Activities for Improving Data Quality (Arts, DeKeizer & Schaffer, 2002)

Actions for Data Quality Improvement

Provided data quality reports to users Correct inaccurate data and fill in

incomplete data detected Control user correction of data errors Give feedback of data quality results and

recommendations Resolve identified causes of data errors Implement identified system changes Communicate with users

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Using IT to Improve Data Qaulity

EMRs improve legibility and accessibility

Structured data input improves data comprehensiveness, relevance and consistency Many EMRs DO NOT require structured

data input

Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

SummaryData vs. InformationProblems of Poor Quality DataEnsuring Data/Information Quality MRI Guidelines AHIMA CharacteristicsTypes Data ErrorsCauses of Poor Quality Data Activities for Improving Data

Quality Using IT to Improve Data Quality