Body Structure - Objectives including colors & Oncology

Types of Tissues

Neur/oEpitheli/oFibr/oMy/oCopyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.OBJECTIVESIdentify anatomic structures of the human body

Define and spell the word parts

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Build and analyze medical terms using word parts

Define, pronounce, and spell medical terms related to body structure, color, and oncology

Interpret the meanings of the abbreviations

Read medical documents and interpret medical terminology contained in themCopyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Organization of the Human Bodycell: basic unit of all life

tissue: similar cells that perform a specific task

organ: two or more kinds of tissue that together perform special body functions

system: a group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Body Cells The human body is composed of trillions of cells of various sizes and shapescell membrane: boundary of a cellcytoplasm: makes up the body of a cellnucleus: structure in center containing chromosomes

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Types of Tissuemuscle tissue: produces movementnervous tissue: conducts impulses to and from the brain

connective tissue: connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures epithelial tissue: found in the skin and lining of the blood vessels

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Organization of the Human Body (contd)chromosomes: 46 in human cells except for mature sex cell, which has 23genes: regions within the chromosome (determine hereditary characteristics)DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): each gene is composed of DNA, a chemical that regulates the activities of the cell

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Body Cavitiescranial: brainspinal: spinal cordthoracic: heart, lungs, esophagus, trachea, bronchiabdominal: stomach, intestines, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, ureterspelvic: urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, part of large intestine, rectum

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Body Cavities

cranialspinalthoracicabdominaldiaphragmpelvicDorsalCopyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Combining Forms for Colors chlor/o chrom/o cyan/o erythr/o leuk/o melan/o xanth/o

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Suffixes Containing gen-gen: substance that produces or causesExample: carcino/gen: substance that causes cancer-

genic: producing, originating, causing Example: cyt/o/genic producing cells

-genesis: origin, causeExample: onc/o/genesis: cause of tumorsCopyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Oncology Terms Built from Word Parts carcinoma fibroma liposarcoma melanocarcinoma myoma melanoma rhabdomyosarcoma sarcoma

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Analyzing Terms Which Appear to Be Built From a Prefix and Suffixneoplasm is built from what looks like a prefix and a suffix: the word root is embedded in the suffix. S(WR) is used in the Building Medical Terms exercises to indicate this.

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Pronunciation GuideThe following is a simple guide to use for practicing pronunciation of the medical terms.The pronunciations are only approximate; however, they are adequate to meet the needs of the beginning student

In respelling for pronunciation, words are minimally distorted to indicate phonetic sound

Example: doctor (dok-tor), gastric (gas-trik)Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Pronunciation Guide (contd)Diacritical marks are used over vowels to indicate pronunciation. The macron () is used to indicate the long vowel sounds.Example: donate (d-nte) hepatoma (hep-a-t-ma) as in ate, say as in eat, beet, see as in i, mine, sky as in oats, so as in unit, muteCopyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Pronunciation Guide (contd)Vowels with no markings have the short sound.Example: discuss (dis-kus) medical (med-i-kal) a as in at, lad e as in edge, bet i as in itch, wish o as in ox, top u as in sun, come

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Pronunciation Guide (contd)An accent mark is the stress on a certain syllable. The primary accent is indicated by capital letters, and the secondary accent (which is stressed, but not as strongly as the primary accent) is indicated by italics.

Example: altogether (all-t-GETH-er) pancreatitis (pan-kr-a-T-tis)

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Oncology Terms Not Built from Word Parts benign malignant remission in vitro in vivo encapsulated cancer in situ

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Body Structure Terms Built from Word Parts cancerous carcinogen carcinogenic cyanosis cytogenic cytoplasm erythrocyte

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Body Structure Terms Built from Word Parts (contd) erythrocytosis etiology histology hyperplasia hypoplasia karyocyte leukocyte leukocytosis

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Blood Cells1, (red) / cv / (cell[s])2, (white) / cv / (cell[s])

Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Project:You will look up one type of specific cancer and do an informational Powerpoint Slide You will sign up for the cancer by using the message board on Blackboard and you will turn in the slide using the digital drop box feature of Blackbaord

What you must have in the presentation is the cancer type (duh), prevalence of the cancer, what its symptoms are, the treatment of the cancer, outlook for the patient with the cancer. Also correct pronciation and breaking down of the word (name) Copyright 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.