Chapter 19 – The Revolution in Politics ( )
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Transcript of Chapter 19 – The Revolution in Politics ( )
Chapter 19 The Revolution in Politics (1775-1815)
The Napoleonic Era, AP European History Chapter 19 The Revolution
in Politics ( ) The Napoleonic Era, Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon was
born 1769 into animpoverished noble family fromCorsica he left home
in and became a lieutenant in theFrench artillery. He rose rapidly
in the Frencharmy fighting against Austria andwon impressive
victories in and 1797 this helped to createhis reputation. France
in 1799 Napoleon appealed tomany like abbe EmanuelSieyes, who
looked for astrong military leader toend the countrys upheaval.
Sieyes new motto wasConfidence from below,authority from above.
Napoleon as First Consul
Napoleon was namedFirst Consul of theRepublic in 1799. Stages a
coup detatand takes control ofgovt Essential Early
Compromises
He maintained order and worked outimportant compromises. He signed
the Concordat of 1801,which guaranteed freedom of worshipfor
Catholics. Napoleonic Code of 1804 granted themiddle class equality
under the lawand safeguarded their right to ownproperty. He
confirmed the gains of thepeasants. He centralized the
government,strengthened the bureaucracy, andgranted amnesty to
nobles. Order & Stability, but at a cost
Napoleon brought order andstability to France but betrayedthe
ideals of the Revolution byviolating the rights of freespeech and
press and freeelections. Women had no political rights;they lost
many gains they hadmade, and the NapoleonicCode re-established the
powerof the male in the family. There were harsh penalties
forpolitical offenses. Napoleon Crowned Emperor
Napoleon used the fear of aconspiracy to return theBourbons to
power in order toproclaim himself Emperor in He also crowns
Josephine asEmpress Painting by David Napoleons Wars & Foreign
Policy
Napoleons wars andforeign policy He defeated Austria(1801) and made
peacewith Britain (1802),the two remainingmembers of theSecond
Coalition. Another war (againstthe Third Coalition Austria,
Russia,Sweden, and Britain)resulted in British navaldominance at
theBattle of Trafalgar(1805). Napoleons Wars & Foreign
Policy
The Third Coalitioncollapsed at Austerlitz(1805), and
Napoleonreorganized the Germanstates into theConfederation of
theRhine. In 1806, Napoleondefeated the Prussians atJena and
Auerstadt. In the Treaty of Tilsit(1807), Prussia lost halfits
population, whileRussia acceptedNapoleonsreorganization ofwestern
and centralEurope. Russia also joined withFrance in a
blockadeagainst British goods. The Grand Empire NapoleonsGrand
Empirein Europe meantFrench control ofcontinentalEurope. Introduced
theContinentalSystem However, he alsolevied heavytaxes. Beginning
of the End The beginningof the end forNapoleoncame with theSpanish
revolt(1808) and theBritishblockade. The Invasion of Russia The
French invasion of Russia in 1812 was a disaster for Napoleon.
Napoleons Defeat Napoleon wasdefeated by theFourth
Coalition(Austria, Prussia,Russia, and GreatBritain) andabdicated
histhrone in 1814,only to bedefeated again atWaterloo in 1815.
Napoleons Excile Napoleon is finallyexciled to the island of
St.Helena located off thewest coast of Africa. Napoleons Tomb in
Paris Questions for your review
What was the Concordat of 1801?Who was the agreement between and
what did itstipulate? What are the significant achievements of
Napoleons domestic reforms? What was the Treaty of Amiens and what
did it stipulate? Who did Napoleon defeat at the Battle of
Austerlitz? What happened at the Battle of Trafalgar? What was the
aim of Napoleons family monarchy? With whom does Napoleon negotiate
peace terms with on a raft in the middle of ariver? What was the
Continental system and how would you characterize its success?
Where did the first great revolt against the Grand Empire occur?
Explain the significance of Napoleons invasion of Russia.