Chapter 19

A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PCFifth Edition

Chapter 19

PCs on the Internet

2 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

You Will Learn…

About the TCP/IP suite of protocols

How to connect to the Internet using dial-up, DSL, and cable modem connections

About supporting common Internet clients such as Web browsers, email clients, and file transfer software


Client/Server Applications on the Internet


The TCP/IP Suite of Protocols

How a client addresses a server application on another computer

How protocols in TCP/IP suite are used on intranets and Internet to support client/server applications


Using IP and Port Addresses to Identify Services


Common Port Assignments


TCP/IP Network Layers


TCP/IP Protocol Layers Applications protocols

Applications make an API call to the OS

TCP/IP protocols used by the OS for network communication

Network protocols used by hardware Included in firmware and drivers on a single NIC

Protocol used depends on type of physical network data is traveling on (eg, PPP)


TCP/IP Protocols Used by the OS for Network CommunicationTCP Guarantees packet delivery

Connection-oriented protocol

UDP Does not guarantee delivery Connectionless protocol

IP Breaks up and reassembles data into packets; routes them to their destination

ARP Locates host on a local network

RARP Discovers Internet address of host on local network

ICMP Communicates problems with transmission


Internet Protocol (IP)


Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)


TCP/IP Utilities


TCP/IP Utilities (continued)


Other Tools

Microsoft SNMP Agent

Provides system management for networks

Can be security risk

NSLookup

Reports information about Internet name space

Requests information about domain name resolutions from DNS server’s zone data


Ways to Connect to the Internet

Standard dial-up modem

DSL

Cable modem


Dial-up Networking

Uses PPP to send packets of data over phone lines

Must install modem and drivers to run it

Must install TCP/IP and bind it to the modem


How Dial-up Networking Works


Creating a Dial-up Networking Connection Windows XP

Network Connections applet in Control Panel

Windows 2000 Network and Dial-up Connections applet in

Control Panel

Windows 9x Dial-up Networking and Network Connection

applets in My Computer


Creating a Dial-up Connection in Windows 2000/XP Using Windows XP, launch New Connection

Wizard

Configure connection using Properties window of the connection icon


Creating a Dial-up Connection in Windows 98 Install Dial-Up Networking as an OS

component on PC using Add/Remove Programs applet in Control Panel

At same time, a dial-up adapter (virtual network card) is also installed

Create and configure Dial-up Networking connection


Configuring the Windows 98 Dial-up Networking Connection


Dial-up Networking Problems Cannot make a connection

Can connect, but get message “Unable to resolve hostname…”

After connecting, get error message “Unable to establish a compatible set of network protocols”

When double-click Web browser, modem does not dial automatically


DSL and Cable Modem Connections Broadband technologies

Support transmission of more than one kind of data at once

TCP/IP settings usually the same as modem-to-phone line connection

Use a network card in the PC for physical connection to network


Installation of DSL and Cable Modem Internet Connections

1. Install network card and drivers to control it

2. Use network cable to connect PC to cable modem or DSL box

3. Install TCP/IP and bind TCP/IP to the card

4. Configure TCP/IP to connect to Internet or LAN

5. Install application software (eg, browser) to use the connection


Cable Modem


DSL and ISDN Service

Provided by local telephone company

Uses DSL/ISDN converter box, sometimes combined with a router

DSL uses a DSL router

ISDN connection uses Terminal Adapter (TA) or ISDN router


Sharing Internet Connections One computer on the LAN with direct

connection to Internet can serve as host computer for others on the LAN (ICS)

For broadband connections, broadband converter box can connect to network device that manages connection for entire network

Router can serve as a wireless access point for computers to connect wirelessly to Internet


Implementing a Firewall

Filters data packets, ports, applications, and information

Hardware firewalls

Software firewalls


Hardware Firewalls


Software Firewalls


Supporting Internet Clients

Web browsers

Email

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)


Supporting Web Browsers

Addresses that Web browsers use to locate resources on a Web server (Uniform Resource Locator)

Ensuring privacy with HTTPS and SSL

Troubleshooting common problems that occur with Web browsers


URL Structure


Top-Level Domain Names


Ensuring Privacy Between the Web Server and Browser


Configuring a Browser

Internet Explorer

Internet Options window

Netscape Navigator

Edit - Preferences


Configuring a Browser (continued)


Solving Browser Performance Problems Clean up hard drive (Defrag, ScanDisk)

Optimize system settings (System Information)

Clear browser cache and Web page history

Suppress image downloads

Download browser updates and patches


Supporting Email


Supporting Email (continued)


Supporting FTP

Used to transfer files between two computers using the same or different operating system(s)

Both computers must have FTP installed

Can be executed from user-friendly GUI software or from a command prompt


FTP from a Command Prompt


File Transfer Using FTP


File Transfer Using FTP (continued)


Summary Connecting to the Internet using Windows

How TCP/IP suite of protocols is used

How to create and troubleshoot dial-up and broadband connections to the Internet

How to support popular applications that use the Internet (Web browsers, email clients, FTP software)

Chapter 19

Documents

Transcript of Chapter 19