CHAPTER 16CHAPTER 16

Reconstruction Abandoned,

1867 - 1877

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From Johnson to GrantFrom Johnson to Grant

Johnson impeded Radical Reconstructionists Passed Tenure of Office Act Johnson impeached in 1868

Senate did not have votes, Johnson acquitted

Secretary of State William Seward negotiates purchase of Alaska from Russia

In 1869, Congress passed the 15th Amendment Gave men the right to vote Added to Constitution in 1870

The Grant EraThe Grant Era Grant Elected in 1968

Deferred to Congress, gave his cabinet wide discretion

Gold Scandal of 1869 Divisions in Congress cause Grant problems

Greenbacks

Republican party also divided Ku Klux Klan actions lead to federal action

Klan act of 1871

Transcontinental Railroad completed (1869) Munn v. Illinois

Grant EraGrant Era (cont.’d)(cont.’d)

Grant pursued a “peace policy” with Indians Board of Indian Commissioners Systematic destruction of the buffalo led to collapse of

Plains Indians

Gold discovered in Black Hills Indians faced cruelty and exploitation

Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull Custer’s Last Stand

Indian Reservations in the West

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Women in the 1870sWomen in the 1870s

Woman’s suffrage issue of 1870s Susan B. Anthony Victoria Claflin Woodhull Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Voluntary associations emerge as women step up efforts for reform Temperance movement

Women enter workforce in greater numbers but are relegated to a few professions

Grant and the 1872 ElectionGrant and the 1872 Election Grant re-elected in 1872

Liberal Republicans Horace Greeley Greeley died after election

Administration plagued by scandals Crédit Mobilier Whiskey Ring W.W. Belknap

Gilded Age

Election of 1872

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Reconstruction in the South

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The Panic of 1873 and Its The Panic of 1873 and Its ConsequencesConsequences

Northern Pacific Railroad Unemployment leads to labor unrest

Molly Maguires

Grange becomes main organization for farmers Congress railroad regulatory legislation in 1873-

1874 Grant refuses to heed those calling for currency

expansion despite economic crisis

Failure of ReconstructionFailure of Reconstruction After Panic of 1873, conditions worsened for

black Americans in the South The Nation Failure of Freedman’s Trust and Savings Company

First blacks elected to Higher office P.B.S. Pinchback Hiram Revels

“Redeemed” South voted in more Democrats 1876 Centennial

International exhibition Alexander Graham Bell

The Centennial YearThe Centennial Year

Grant administration scandals cause trouble for Republican party Rutherford B. Hayes

Disputed election of 1876 Electoral Commission Hayes gains a disputed White House Political deal brings end to Reconstruction

Election of 1876

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Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

Evaluate the Grant Administration. Was it a successful or failed presidency?

Did reconstruction succeed of fail in the South? What methods did whites use to stay in power?

What was the grange movement? Was is indicative of greater economic and social problems in America?

What was unusual about the Election of 1876? Was it a legitimate election? What were the results for the nation?