Chapter 16 Medicine and Illegal Drugs. Lesson 1 What are drugs?
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Transcript of Chapter 16 Medicine and Illegal Drugs. Lesson 1 What are drugs?
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Chapter 16
Medicine and Illegal Drugs
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Lesson 1
• What are drugs?
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Drugs
• Is any chemical substances that causes a change in a person’s physical or psychological state.
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How drugs enter your body• 1-ointments or
eardrops applied directly to certain areas
• 2-transdermal(patches allow absorption into bloodstream)
• 3-Smoked or inhaled
• 4-Injected• 5-swallowed
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Lesson 2
• Using Drugs as Medicine
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Medicine
• Any drug that is used to cure, prevent, or treat illness or discomfort
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Prescription Medicine• Written order from a doctor for a certain
medicine or treatment
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Over-the-counter
• Any medicine that can be bought without a prescription
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Drug Interaction
• Any effect of a drug that is different from what should be expected if the drug is taken at the same time as another drug
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Side effect
• Any effect that is caused by a drug and that is different from the drug’s intended effect– Loss of hair– Dizziness,– Exhaustion– Nausea– others
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Tolerance
• Is the body’s ability to resist the effects of a drug
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Food and Drug Administration(FDA)
• Government agency that controls the safety of food and drugs in the United States
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Drug Approval Process
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Lesson 3
• Drug Abuse and Addiction
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Drug Addiction
• Uncontrollable use of a drug
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Dependence
• A person needing a drug in order to function properly
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Physical Dependence
• Body’s need for a drug
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Withdrawals
• Symptoms– Depression– Nervousness– Sleeplessness– irritability
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Problems with addiction
• Hurts oneself• Hurts others• Mood swings• Lying to loved ones• Focusing in school• Cost of addiction
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Lesson 4
• Stimulants and Depressants
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Stimulants
• Drug that increases the body’s activity• Increases heart rate• Increases breathing• Increases blood pressure
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Examples of stimulants
• Mild stimulants– Tea– Coffee– Soft drinks– Chocolate
• Hard stimulants– Crack– Cocaine– methamphetamine
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Cocaine and Crack
• Most widely abused illegal stimulants. Comes from a coca plant grown in South America.
• Cocaine is usually inhaled
• Crack (rock)is smoked
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Physical symptoms of Crack and Cocaine
• Increase of heart rate• Increase of blood pressure• Heart attack• Strokes• Brain damage• death
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Euphoria
• A physical or mental sense of well-being
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Methamphetamine
• Very powerful synthetic stimulant– Smoked – Injected• Decrease appetite • Increase body temperature
– Damage to kidneys– Damage to liver– Damage to brain– Death
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Depressants
• Decreases body activity– Decrease blood pressure– Drop in heart rate– Drop in breathing
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Sedatives
• Have a mild relaxation to deep sleep
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Tranquilizers
• Are mild depressants that are used in small doses to treat anxiety
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Barbiturates
• Strong depressants that are used to treat sleep disorders and seizures
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Hypnotics
• Extremely powerful depressants that can cause sleep, loss of muscle control, and loss of memory
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Rohypnol
• Powerful hypnotic depressant
• Used for surgery and to treat sleep disorders
• Not used in America but is brought in from other countries
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Lesson 5
• Marijuana
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Marijuana
• Is a dried flower and leaf from the Cannabis plant
• Many different names– Pot – Dope– Mary Jane– Green – Bud– reefer
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Effects of Marijuana
• Some feel a stimulant affect• Some feel a depressant affect– Mild euphoria– Distortion of time and distance– Reduced energy and coordination– Sensitivity to sights and sounds– Increased appetite– Decreased memory– Slower reaction time
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THC
• tetrahydrocannabinol
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Serious effects of marijuana
• Thinking and concentration decreased• Difficulty reaching any goals• Decreases energy• Circulatory problems• emphysema
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Lesson 6
• Opiates
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Opiates
• Milk from a opium poppy
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Opiates
• Extremely addictive sometime after just one use
• Often there is a strong tolerance so there is a danger of overdose
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Opiate withdrawals
• Cramps• Vomiting• Muscle pain • Shaking• Chills• Panic attacks
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Medical uses for Opiates
• Painkillers• Suppress coughs• Intestinal problems
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Heroin• Most
powerful addictive opiate that exists
• It is made from morphine
• Can be smoked, inhaled or injected.
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Lesson 7
• Hallucinogens and Inhalants
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Hallucinogens
• Any drug that causes a person to hear or see things that are not present.
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Flashback
• Is an event in which a hallucinogen’s effects happen again long after the drug was originally taken– They occur days, weeks
or even years.– They last for seconds to
hours
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Inhalant
• Any drug that is absorbed through the lungs
• Household cleaners• Spray paint• Glues• Freon• Nitrous oxide (laughing gas
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Inhalants produce
• Hallucinations• Lack of coordination• Distortion of time and distance• Difficulty speaking or thinking• Brain damage• Sudden death
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Designer Drugs
• Is a drug that is produced by making a small chemical change to a drug that already exists– Ecstasy– GHB– Ketamine
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Ecstasy(MDMA)
• Mind-altering drug that was created from the powerful stimulant methamphetamine– XTC– E– X– Adam
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Ecstasy
• Causes– Dry mouth– Nausea– Confusion– Blurred vision– Muscle tension– Dehydration
– Seizures– Violent shaking in the
muscles– Heart failure– Sleep disorders– Memory loss– Brain damage
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GHB
Is a drug that is made from anesthetics. Common ingredient is in
pesticides
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GHB effects
• Dizziness• Vomiting• Loss of memory• Trouble breathing• Inability to move• Loss of consciousness• Death
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Ketamine• Is a powerful drug that is closely related to the
hallucinogen PCP (angel dust). This drug is most often used during surgery on people or animals.
• Gives you a sense of dissociation (separation from reality)
• Causes permanent memory loss and coma
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Lesson 9
• Staying drug free
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Reasons to stay drug free
• 1- Staying healthy• 2-Staying in
control• 3-Making good
decisions• 4-Staying out of
jail• 5-saving your
money
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Refusing Drugs
• Avoid situation with people who have drugs• Just say “No thanks”• Give reasons for not taking the drugs• Just leave
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Lesson 10
• Getting help
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Knowing when to get help
• First you need to realize that there is a problem
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Intervention
• A gathering in which the people who are close to a person who is abusing drugs try to get the person to accept help by relation stories of how his or her drug problem has affected them
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Counseling
• A professional who is trained to offer advice and solutions for emotional problems by addressing the emotional problem behind the drug problem
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Treatment Centers
• A facility with trained doctors and counselors where people who abuse drugs can get help for their problems
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Detoxification
• Is the process by which the body rids itself of harmful chemicals
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Support Groups
• A group of people who have undergone the same or very similar problems.
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Many Paths to Wellness
Drug Problem
Intervention
Counseling
Treatment Centers
Support Group
Wellness
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Chapter 16
Medicine and Illegal Drugs