CHAPTER 15

Immigration

Progressive Movement

Immigration

Late 19th Century Immigration Between 1870 and 1920 almost 20 million

Europeans immigrated to the US. Many came from Eastern and Southern

Europe Many were Jews fleeing persecution Nearly 200,000 Chinese immigrants came to

the US between 1851-1883 1910-1930 almost 1 million came from

Mexico to escape war and political unrest

Ellis Island – New York City – “Golden Door”

Divergent views on immigration

Opinions on immigration differed

Some welcomed new immigrants

Others feared immigration would created problems

Nativism

Chinese Exclusion Act

Fear of anti-western (American) sentiment in China (Boxer Rebellion)

Anti-Jewish Sentiment

Fear of revolution and communism Russian Revolution Many in America feared

the spread of communism or socialism

“Red Scare” –early 20th century

Social Reform

Helping the Needy Settlement houses – social services Charitable Organizations Social Gospel Movement Prohibition- Temperance Movement Purity Crusade

“Ladder of Fortune” late 19th century lithograph

Social Gospel Movement

Many Christians believed that it was their Christian duty to help the poor and reform conditions (refuted the ideas associated with Social Darwinism) Sought to address urban slums and poverty

They created schools, medical facilities, settlement houses, orphanages, and soup kitchens

They also supported the prohibition of alcohol and drug use

The late 19th century paved the way for political and social reform in the early 20th century

The Progressive Era would continue the reform movement and attempt to address issues facing America at the turn of the century.