Chapter 12 part 1
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Transcript of Chapter 12 part 1
BIO 2870Winter 2011Wayne State University
NERVOUS SYSTEM12-0 INTRODUCTION
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-0 INTRODUCTIONI. OVERVIEW (3 MAIN FUNCTIONS):
A. SENSORY INPUTB. INTEGRATIONC. MOTOR OUTPUT
i. EFFECTORS
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-0 INTRODUCTIONI. OVERVIEW (3 MAIN FUNCTIONS):
A. SENSORY INPUTB. INTEGRATIONC. MOTOR OUTPUT
i. EFFECTORS
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INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY1-6 HOMEOSTASIS
② EXTRINSIC REGULATION – THE ACTIVITIES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM OR ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ADJUST OR CONTROL MANY OTHER SYSTEMS SIMULTANEOUSLY.
i.e. NERVOUS SYSTEM DURING EXERCISE
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INCREASE HR,ALTER CIRCULATION
NERVOUS SYSTEM12-1 ANATOMICAL & FUNCTIONAL DIVISIONSI. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYTEM (CNS) & PERIPHERAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM (PNS)
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PeripheralNervous System
NERVOUS SYSTEM12-1 ANATOMICAL & FUNCTIONAL DIVISIONSII. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-1 ANATOMICAL & FUNCTIONAL DIVISIONSII. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
A. AFFERENT DIVISION (SENSORY INPUT)i. EXTEROCEPTORSii. INTEROCEPTORSiii. PROPRIOCEPTORS
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-1 ANATOMICAL & FUNCTIONAL DIVISIONSII. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
B. EFFERENT DIVISION (MOTOR OUTPUT)i. SOMATICii. AUTONOMIC
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-1 ANATOMICAL & FUNCTIONAL DIVISIONS
1. AUTONOMICi. PARASYMPATHETIC VS SYMPATHETIC (FLIGHT OR FIGHT RESPONSE)
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-1 ANATOMICAL & FUNCTIONAL DIVISIONS
1. AUTONOMICi. PARASYMPATHETIC VS SYMPATHETIC (FLIGHT OR FIGHT RESPONSE)
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CNS
PNS
NERVOUS SYSTEM12-1 ANATOMICAL & FUNCTIONAL DIVISIONS
1. AUTONOMICi. PARASYMPATHETIC VS SYMPATHETIC (FLIGHT OR FIGHT RESPONSE)
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http://cmbi.bjmu.edu.cn/hyper-book/ch02/f02-04.jpg
CNS
PNS
NERVOUS SYSTEM12-2 NEURONSI. MICRO STRUCTURE
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-2 NEURONSII. MACRO STRUCTURE
A. SYNAPTIC KNOB = SYNAPTIC KNOB
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-2 NEURONSII. MACRO STRUCTURE
B. SYNAPSESi. NEURONS (PRE & POST
SYNAPTIC NEURONS)i. DENDRITEii. CELL BODYiii. AXON
ii. MUSCLE =NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
iii. GLAND = NEUROGLANDULAR JUNCTION
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-2 NEURONSIII. PROPERTIES
A. RESTING POTENTIAL ≅ -70mVi. HYPERPOLRIZATION = CELL BECOMES MORE NEGATIVE, DEACTIVATINGii. DEPOLARIZATION = CELL BECOMES LESS NEGATIVE OR MORE POSITIVE, ACTIVATING
B. CONDUCTIVEi. ACTION POTENTIAL PROPAGATION
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-2 NEURONSIII. PROPERTIES
C. SECRETORYi. NEUROTRANSMITTER
SYNTHESIS, STORAGE AND SECRETION
ii. AXOPLASMIC TRANSPORT
1. SLOW STREAM 2. FAST STREAM3. ANTEROGRADE FLOW4. RETROGRADE FLOW
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-2 NEURONSIV.NEURONAL CLASSIFICATIONS
A. STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATIONS
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-2 NEURONSIV.NEURONAL CLASSIFICATIONS
B. FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATIONSi. SENSORY NEURONS
1. SOMATIC2. VISCERAL
ii. MOTOR NEURONSiii. INTERNEURONS
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-3 NEUROGLIA~SUPPORT CELLS
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-3 NEUROGLIAI. EPENDYMAL CELLS
A. EPENDYMAi. CENTRAL CANALii. VENTRICLES
B. CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (CSF)
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-3 NEUROGLIAII. ASTROCYTES
A. BLOOD BRAIN BARRIERB. REPAIR DAMAGED NEURAL
TISSUEC. GUIDING NEURON
DEVELOPMENTD. CONTROLLING INTERSTITIAL
ENVIRONMENT
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http://www.colorado.edu/intphys/Class/IPHY3430-200/image/09-6.jpg
NERVOUS SYSTEM12-3 NEUROGLIAIII. OLIGODENDROCYTES
A. MYELIN
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-3 NEUROGLIAIV.MICROGLIA
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-3 NEUROGLIAII. PNS CELL TYPES
A. SATELLITE CELLS aka AMPHICYTES
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-3 NEUROGLIAII. PNS CELL TYPES
B. SCHWANN CELLS
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-4 ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION(REVIEW OF TRANSMEMBRANE POTENTIAL & RESTING POTENTIAL
(3-7))
I. POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE
II. RESTING POTENTIALA. Na+/K+ PUMPB. K+ LEAK CHANNELSC. PROTEINSD. NUCLEIC ACIDS
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-4 ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-4 ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSIONII. RESTING POTENTIAL
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-4 ELECTRICAL
TRANSMISSIONIII. PASSIVE FORCES
A. CHEMICAL GRADIENTS
B. ELECTRICAL GRADIENTS
C. ELECTROCHEMI-CAL GRADIENTS
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-4 ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSIONIV.ACTIVE FORCES
A. SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-4 ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSIONV. CHANGES IN TRANSMEMBRANE POTENTIAL
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-4 ELECTRICAL
TRANSMISSIONVI.GRADED POTENTIALS
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-4 ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSIONVI.GRADED POTENTIALS
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NERVOUS SYSTEM12-5 ACTION POTENTIALI. ALL-OR-NONE
A. THRESHOLD i. TYPICALLY BETWEEN -60 TO -55 mV
II. GENERATION OF ACTION POTENTIALS
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