Chapter 12: DNA “The Blueprint of Life”. Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343): Identifying the Substance...
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Transcript of Chapter 12: DNA “The Blueprint of Life”. Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343): Identifying the Substance...
![Page 1: Chapter 12: DNA “The Blueprint of Life”. Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343): Identifying the Substance of Genes.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050721/56649c855503460f9493bf4d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 12: DNA“The Blueprint of Life”
![Page 2: Chapter 12: DNA “The Blueprint of Life”. Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343): Identifying the Substance of Genes.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050721/56649c855503460f9493bf4d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343):Identifying the Substance of Genes
![Page 3: Chapter 12: DNA “The Blueprint of Life”. Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343): Identifying the Substance of Genes.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050721/56649c855503460f9493bf4d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What makes up a gene?
- Scientists wanted to understand chemical nature of the gene
- Frederick Griffith- Wanted to know how bacteria cause
pneumonia in mice
- Isolated two similar types (strains) of bacteria
- S Strain: causes pneumonia- R Strain: harmless
![Page 4: Chapter 12: DNA “The Blueprint of Life”. Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343): Identifying the Substance of Genes.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050721/56649c855503460f9493bf4d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Griffith’s Experiments
- Injected mice with different bacteria
1) S Strain: Mouse Died2) R Strain: Mouse Lives3) S Strain (Heated):
Mouse Lives4) S Strain (Heated) and
R Strain: Mouse Dies
What Happened?
![Page 5: Chapter 12: DNA “The Blueprint of Life”. Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343): Identifying the Substance of Genes.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050721/56649c855503460f9493bf4d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Transformation
- The harmless bacteria changed into the disease causing bacteria
- Some ‘chemical factor’ transferred from the heat-killed S Strain cells into the living R Strain cells
- The ability to cause disease was inherited by the R Strain
![Page 6: Chapter 12: DNA “The Blueprint of Life”. Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343): Identifying the Substance of Genes.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050721/56649c855503460f9493bf4d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is the Chemical Factor?
- 1944: Oswald Avery
- Mixed heat-killed S strain and R Strain bacteria with different enzymes
![Page 7: Chapter 12: DNA “The Blueprint of Life”. Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343): Identifying the Substance of Genes.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050721/56649c855503460f9493bf4d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Hershey-Chase Experiment
- 1952: Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
- Used bacterial viruses to identify genetic material
- Bacteriophage: virus that infects bacteria by injecting its genetic information
- Contain DNA core and protein coat
![Page 8: Chapter 12: DNA “The Blueprint of Life”. Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343): Identifying the Substance of Genes.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050721/56649c855503460f9493bf4d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Hershey-Chase Experiment
- Used radioactive phosphorous and sulfur
- Acted as markers
- All radioactivity in bacteria was phosphorous
- Concluded that genetic material of bacteriophage was DNA
![Page 9: Chapter 12: DNA “The Blueprint of Life”. Chapter 12.1 (Pg. 338-343): Identifying the Substance of Genes.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050721/56649c855503460f9493bf4d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Role of DNA
1) Store Information
2) Copy Information
3) Transmit Information