Chapter 10 Review Meiosis and Mendelian Genetics.
Transcript of Chapter 10 Review Meiosis and Mendelian Genetics.
Chapter 10 Review
Meiosis and Mendelian Genetics
Define: meiosis
A type of cell division that produces gametes; reduces
chromosome number by half
Define: zygote
The cell produced when a male sperm and female egg fuse
Define: haploid
A cell that contains one member of each chromosome pair
Define: heredity
The passing of characteristics from parents to offspring
Meiosis results in the formation of …
4 genetically different haploid cells
The gamete that contains genes contributed only by the mother is
the … Egg
The typical human body cell contains 46 chromosomes. How
many chromosomes would a typical human sperm cell have?
23
What process is shown in this figure?
• Crossing over
Consider the cell labeled X in Figure 10-9 containing 4 chromosomes. Which of the four cells below it represents a healthy gamete that could be
produced from this cell?
• A
Which stage of meiosis is represented in this figure?
• Metaphase 1
In this figure, which set of chromatids illustrates the result of a single crossover of
the homologous chromosomes?
• A
Describe the events of anaphase II
Sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite sides of the
cell (poles)
What is the role of the spindle fibers?
To move chromosomes in the cell
The numbers in Figure 10-1 represent the chromosome number found in each of the dog
cells shown. The processes that are occurring at A and B are ____.
• a. mitosis and fertilization• b. mitosis and pollination• c. meiosis and fertilization• d. meiosis and pollination
A useful device for predicting the possible offspring of crosses
between different genotypes is called a …
Punnett square
A white mouse whose parents are both white produces only brown offspring when mated with
a brown mouse. The white mouse is most probably ____.
Homozygous recessive
In chickens, rose comb (R) is dominant to single comb (r). A homozygous rose-combed rooster is mated with a single-combed hen. All of the
chicks in the F1 generation were kept together as a group for several years. They were allowed to mate only within their own group. What is the
expected phenotype of the F2 chicks?
75% rose comb & 25 % single comb
In mink, brown fur color is dominant to silver-blue fur color. If a homozygous brown mink is mated with a silver-blue mink and 8 offspring
are produced, how many would be expected to be silver-blue?
0
What fraction of this cross will be recessive for both traits?
• 1/16
A true-breeding tall pea plant is crossed with a true-breeding short pea plant, and all the offspring are tall. What is the most likely
genotype of the offspring assuming a single-gene trait?
Tt
In mice, black is dominant to white color and color is determined by a single gene. Two black
mice are crossed. They produce 2 black offspring and one white offspring. If the white
offspring is crossed with one of its parents, what percent of the offspring are expected to be
white?
50
A heterozygous organism is best described as which of these?
A. Hybrid B. PhenotypeC. True BreedD. Genotype
In which situation are the phenotypes of F2 offspring expected to follow the ratio of 9:3:3:1.
a. a monohybrid cross for 2 unlinked traitsb. a monohybrid cross for 2 closely linked
traitsc. a dihybrid cross for 2 unlinked traits
d. a dihybrid cross for 2 closely linked traits
Which of the following describes an organism that has the
genotype Bb?
a. homozygousb. inbreedc. heterozygous d. all of these
The statement: "In meiosis, the way in which a chromosome pair separates does not affect the
way other pairs separate," is another way of expressing Mendel's law of _____.
a. dominanceb. independent assortmentc. first filial generationsd. Punnett squares
Genes located on homologous chromosomes may have alternate forms that control different
forms of a trait. These alternate forms of a gene are called _____.
a. allelesb. phenotypesc. centromeresd. gametes
A dog's phenotype can be determined by _____.
a. looking at the dog's parentsb. examining the dog's chromosomesc. mating the dog and examining its
offspringd. looking at the dog