Chapter 10 Cell Growth And Division. I. Cell Growth –A. Limits to Cell Growth –2 reasons cells...
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Transcript of Chapter 10 Cell Growth And Division. I. Cell Growth –A. Limits to Cell Growth –2 reasons cells...
Chapter 10
Cell Growth And Division
I. Cell Growth– A. Limits to Cell Growth– 2 reasons cells divide rather than
continuing to grow indefinitely:• 1) larger a cell grows,the more
demands on its _______– will not be making enough copies of
DNA as size increases---This would cause an information crisis.
• 2) difficult to move waste and nutrients across cell
– rate @ which waste products leave cell depends on _______________________ of cell=total area of cell membrane
DNA
Surface area
– rate @ which food and Oxygen are used up and waste produced depends on _____________________
– RATIO OF SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME-assuming a cube shape,surface area=l x w x 6…..volume= lx w x h…. ratio = SA /volume
Cell volume
Cell Size
Surface Area (length x width x 6)
Volume (length x width x height)
Ratio of Surface Area to Volume
Ratio of Surface Area to Volume in Cells
Section 10-1
• Volume increases faster than surface area/CAUSING RATIO TO __________________..causing serious problems for cell
decrease
B. Division of Cell
-A cell divides into 2 daughter cells =_______________________________
– This happens before a cell can get too large
– DNA ___________________before cell division,solving info crisis.
Cell division replicates
II. Cell Division
• ***simpler in prokaryotes– A. chromosomes –carries genetic info in
eukaryotes– made up of ____________ and proteins– cells of every organism have a
specific # of Chromosomes– humans have___ Chromosomes– fruit flies have 8– usually not visible except in cell
division,when they condense– ___________________before cell division
DNA
46
Replicates or copies
–each Chromosome consists of 2 identical __________________,which separate from each other in cell division
–chromatids attached @__________________,usually near middle
chromatids
centromere
B. Cell Cycle
– ________________________is in- between phase
– ______________________is the series of events that a cell goes through during growth and division….Where the cell grows,prepare for division,divides into 2 daughter cells
interphase Cell Cycle
–4 phases• M= _______________________________• S= ________________________________• G1 and G2=
________________________________________________________
Mitosis and cytokinesis Chromsomes
replicate & DNA synthesis,some proteins synthesize
G1=cell growth/G2= organelles and molecules produced
M phase
G2 phase
S phase
G1 phase
Figure 10–4 The Cell Cycle
Section 10-2
ANAPHASE
1) Prophase
– Longest phase– Chromosomes become visible– _______________________,2 tiny structures
near nuclear envelope-separate and take positions on opposite ends of nucleus
– Centrosome region helps organize __________________-microtubules that help separate chromosomes
– Chromosomes attach to __________________________
– @ end chromosomes coil tightly and nuclear envelope disappears
centrioles
spindle Spindle fibers
• 2) Metaphase-• chromosomes line up @ center• Centromeres go to 2 poles
• 3) Anaphase-• Centromeres split• Chromatids separate and become individual
_____________________• New chromosomes go to opposite poles and then
stop moving
chromosomes
• 4) Telophase-• Chromosomes disperse into tangle of
material• New nuclear envelopes• Spindle breaks apart• Nucleolus becomes visible
D. Cytokinesis-divison of cytoplasm– Usually along w/ Telophase– Cell plate forms in plants that becomes the
______________________________
CELL WALL
III.
• _____________________= disorder in which some of the body’s cells lose the ability to regulate growth
• They do not respond to signals that regulate growth• Divide uncontrollably,making
___________________(masses of cells)• _____________=protein that regulates normal cell
cycle (in eukaryotes)
cancer tumors
cyclins
Video Conten
ts
Videos
• Click a hyperlink to choose a video.• Animal Cell Mitosis• Animal Cell Cytokinesis
Video 1
• Click the image to play the video segment.
Video 1
Animal Cell Mitosis
Video 2
• Click the image to play the video segment.
Video 2
Animal Cell Cytokinesis