1. BEGINNING AND ENDING Chapter 10THE SPEECH

2. INTRODUCTIONS AND CONCLUSIONSIntroduction Creates favorable first impression Boosts self-confidenceConclusion Give speaker chance to emphasize mainpoints Creates strong last impression 3. INTRODUCTIONFour Objectives Gain attention, interest Reveal topic Establish credibility, goodwill Preview body of speech 4. HOW TO GAIN ATTENTIONRelate topic to the audience ALWAYS relate topic to the audienceState importance of topicStartle the audience Make sure startle technique is related to topicArouse curiosityQuestion the audience Single question or a series of questionsBegin with a quoteTell a story 5. RELATE TO AUDIENCE 6. TELL A STORY 7. HOW TO GAIN ATTENTIONOutside the classroom: Refer to occasion Invite audience participation Audio equipment/Visual aids Relate to previous speaker Beginning with humor 8. REVEAL TOPICClearly state speech topic/thesis 9. ESTABLISH CREDIBILIT Y AND GOODWILLWhat is Credibility? Perception of speakers qualificationsHow do I establish credibility? Research or firsthand experienceWhat is Goodwill? Perception of whether speaker has the bestinterests of audience in mind 10. CREDIBILIT Y AND GOODWILL 11. PREVIEW BODY OF SPEECHPreview Statement Statement in introduction that identifies mainpoints to be discussed in the body Tells audience what to listen for throughoutthe speech Generally at end of intro . 12. PRESENTING PREVIEW STATEMENTS 13. PREPARING THE INTRODUCTIONBe concise (10-20 percent of speech)Look for in potential introductory material in your researchBe creativeDont worry about exact wording until body speech is finishedFinally Work it out in detail! Write out full content, how you will deliver and PRACTICE 14. THE CONCLUSIONSignal end of speechReinforce central idea 15. SIGNALING THE ENDDont leave your audience hanging!Verbal Cue In conclusion, one last thought, etc.Manner of Delivery Crescendo ending Speech builds in force until it reaches a zenith of power and intensity Dissolve Ending Final words fade like a spotlight, bring speech to emotional close . 16. USING CRESCENDO ENDING 17. REINFORCE IDEAS Conclusion reinforces the audiences understandingof the central idea How to accomplish? (Separately or in Combination) Summarize main points Conclude with a quotation End with a dramatic statement Refer back to introduction 18. SUMMARIZING IN CONCLUSION 19. LINKING CONCLUSION TO INTRODUCTION 20. LINKING INTRO TO CONCLUSION 21. PREPARING THE CONCLUSIONLook for materials while researchingConclude with bang, not whimperBe brief (5-10 percent of speech)Work out content, delivery in detail 22. GROUP ACTIVIT Y Attention Getter Relate to Audience Credibility Goodwill