Chapter 1: Science in Action

What is Science?• Science -

____________________________________________

• Science is about asking _______________ and finding ______________.

• ____________ can be a scientist.

What do we do to find answers to our questions?

• Scientist (we) use the _________________ to test their questions about science.

• Scientific Method - _____________________________________

• Often a scientific investigation is sparked by an _______________.

5 Steps to the Scientific Method

• 1) __O_________________• 2) __H_________________• 3) __E_________________• 4) __C_________________• 5) __C_________________

1) Observe

• Observe (question) - ________________________________

________________________________

2) Hypothesis

• Hypothesis - __________________________________________________________

3) Experiment

• Experiment - _____________________________________

4) Collect Data

• Collecting Data - _____________________________________

5) Conclusion

• Draw a conclusion - _____________________________________

• A conclusion tells if the hypothesis was ________________ or _______________.

Check List• 1) Science is the study of all ___________ and

_____________ things.• 2) Who can be a scientist? _____________• 3) How many steps are there to the scientific

method?• 4) List those steps (OHECC).• 5) What is a hypothesis?• 6) Tell if each is living or non-living:– Tree, Light, Person, Brick, Fish, Nail, Bacteria,

Paper

Now get in your groups

• Testable Question: Does temperature affect your speed in the 40 yard dash?

• Hypothesis: Temperature does affect your speed in the 40 yard dash.

• Conclusion: As temperature increases you usually get faster, unless it gets too hot. But as temperature decreases you get slower and are more likely to pull a muscle.

Section 2

Designing an Experiment

• When you design an experiment you must decide what steps you will follow.

• A ______________ - is a step-by-step plan for an experiment.

DO NOT COPY• A science student (Tom) wants to find out if a

fertilizer affects the growth of a tree?• What is your hypothesis? (Well written)• How do you come to this conclusion?• How should Tom set up this experiment?• DRAW

Lets look at Tom’s Experiment

• Variable - ____________________________________________– What are some variables in

Tom’s experiment?• ____________• ____________• ____________

2 Types of Variables• Independent Variable -

__________________________________________________________________________

• Ex:

• Dependent Variable - __________________________________________________________________________

• Ex:

2 Groups in Every Experiment

• Control Group - _____________________________________

• Ex:

• Experimental Group - _____________________________________

• Ex:

What is the variable that is altered in this experiment ?

Variable Control Group Experimental Group

Number of Eggs 4 4

Temperature 29 degrees 36 degrees

Humidity 70 % 70%

Lighting Low light Low light

• Constant - ________________________________

What is a trial?

• Trial - _____________________________________

Bell Ringer • 1. ____________ - is the variable that is ALWAYS changed

first in an experiment.• 2. _____________ - are things that remain the same in an

experiment such as temp, sunlight, water, etc.• 3. A ____________ group is the group that is not altered

in an experiment, whereas a ________________ group is the group that is altered or experimented on.

• 4. A ________ is how many times you do your experiment.

• 5. Use the tree and fertilizer experiment and label:– Constants (3 examples) - – Independent variable - – Dependent variable - – Control Group - – Experimental Group -

Section 3

Designing a Prototype • 1) ____________________• 2) ____________________• 3) ____________________• Prototype –

_________________________________

DO NOT COPY

• What is Performance Testing?

• What are risks?

• What are benefits?

• What is technology?

Organizing Data• Bar Graph -

_____________________

• Line Graph - ____________________

• Circle Graph (Pie) - _______________

• Data Table - _____________________

Graphing Independent and Dependent Variables

• Lets go over an example:

• Therefore:• X-axis is the ________________ variable.• Y-axis is the ________________ variable.

Check List

• 1) What are the 5 steps to the Scientific Method? • 2) What are 4 ways (charts/graphs) that we organize data?• 3) A ________ is a step-by-step process for carrying out an

experiment.• 4) An experiment is done with 2 lab rats to see if adding Mt. Dew

to one of the rats liquid supply affected its hyperness. The experiment was done in the same lab environment. Label Each: – I.V.– D.V.– 2 Constants– Control Group– Experimental Group

• 5) What variable goes on the x-axis? • 6) What variable goes on the y-axis? • 7) If something goes wrong (or there is a flaw in your design) you

simply make a new _________________, which is the first working model.

• 8) Give 3 examples of technology.

Lab Report Format• Title:

• Introduction:

• Materials:

• Procedure:

• Data:

• Conclusion:

Title

• Keys to a good title:– Always on top of page– In center– Creative Title

Introduction