Chapter 1 Review
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Transcript of Chapter 1 Review
#18
• O _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ N
• PROBLEM
• H _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ S
• EXPERIMENT
• D _ _ A
• CONCLUSION
SCIENTIFIC
METHOD
VARIABLES
• MANIPULATED (INDEPENDENT): The variable the scientist directly controls. (CAUSE)
• RESPONDING (DEPENDENT): The variable the scientist measures or records. (EFFECT)
HEART BEAT
• 1. How does the number of pushups you do affect how fast your heart beats?– MANIPULATED VARIABLE:
– RESPONDING VARIABLE:
NUMBER OF PUSHUPS
HEART RATE
BREAKFAST TIME
• 2. How does eating breakfast affect your grades in school?– MANIPULATED VARIABLE:
– RESPONDING VARIABLE:
EATING BREAKFAST
GRADES IN SCHOOL
SKATER SCIENCE
• 3. How does the type of surface affect how fast a skateboard moves?– MANIPULATED VARIABLE
– RESPONDING VARIABLE
TYPE OF SURFACE
SPEED OF SKATEBOARD
CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT
• A Controlled Experiment is one in which only one variable changes, and others are held constant.
Designing an ExperimentRedi’s Experiment
Manipulated Variable:Gauze covering that keeps flies away from meat
Responding Variable:whether maggots appear Maggots appear.
Severaldays pass.
No maggots appear.
Designing an ExperimentRedi’s Experiment
Controlled Variables:jars, type of meat,location, temperature,time
Covered jarsUncovered jars
VOCAB CHECK
• 1.____________: Something that can change
• 2._____________: The variable the scientist directly controls.
• 3.______________: The variable the scientist measures or records.
• 4.______________: A test of a hypothesis.• 5.______________: An educated guess
about the answer to a scientific problem.
1–1– Observations involving numbers are known as • qualitative observations.• hypothetical observations.• quantitative observations.• inferred observations.
2
– A scientist takes paint chips from 10 apartments in a large building. She tests for the presence of lead in the paint and finds it in all 10 samples. She then concludes that lead paint is probably present in all 120 apartments in the building. This conclusion is an example ofA. a scientific fact.B. a scientific error.C. proof.D. a reasonable inference.
3
– A possible explanation for a set of observations is known as A. data.
B. a hypothesis.
C. An experiment
D. a result.
4
– A good scientific hypothesis must be• correct.• able to be tested.• obvious.• based on common sense.
5
– In an experiment, the variable that is deliberately changed is called the
• control.• manipulated variable.• responding variable.• constant control.
6
– Which of the following was the manipulated variable in Redi’s experiment?
• the kind of meat used• the temperature the jars were kept at• the gauze covering on some jars• the kind of fly that visited the jars
7
– A well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations is a
• hypothesis.• variable.• control.• theory.