Chapter: 1 Introduction 1.0 Project Background · Pak Enviro Consultants 1 Consultant,s Signature...

Initial Environmental Examination for Construction of Adda Bahseen Village to Thatti Koda, NA-130 Lahore

Pak Enviro Consultants 1

Consultant,s Signature

Chapter: 1

Introduction

1.0 Project Background:

Lahore is not just all about bricks and mortar but it is an alive, pulsating city, rich with its

own flavor of colorful festivals, traditions deeply influenced by the indomitable generous

and hospitable spirit of the Lahories.Construction of Adda Bahseen Village to Thatti

Koda, NA-130 Lahore is located at Baseen Village Lahore. It is located within the

constituency of NA-130, Lahore. The existing condition of the road is very poor. Its

wearing surface has been eroded and lots of patches have been developed in the road. The

road users are facing a lot of inconvenience. They are stressing for construction of the

road so that it is become motor able and safe for public.

City District Government Lahore (CDGL) intend to construct road which will be started

from Addah Baseen Village to the Thatti Koda, NA-130 Lahore, provide the people an easy

and facilitated way of life. City District Government Lahore (CDGL) has asked to prepare

a detailed IEE for the proposed project. CDGL is the Client agency responsible to

improve and regulate road network and traffic engineering in the Lahore.

To satisfy EPA‟s requirement for the No Objection Certificate /Environmental Approval

by submitting Initial Environmental Examination, services of Pak-Enviro Consultants

were hired by City District Government Lahore (CDGL).

1.1The Project:

The Project envisages the construction of Adda Bahseen Village to Thatti Koda, NA-130

Lahore is located at Bahseen Village Lahore. The paved road is not present due to which

people of Bahseen Village faced problems in daily life to get the facilities. The main issue

is poor sewerage system, traveling through this road is not easy job in raining season.

After the project implementation, the paved road is very useful for the people of the area.




They faced the problems during the construction of road and installation equipment but

overall project is beneficial.

To study the environmental impacts of the proposed project and accordingly suggest their

mitigation measures through developing an environmental management plan IEE is

conducted. The main Objective of the project implementation is the development of

Bahseen Village and provides them a way to meet their basic needs easily.

1.2 Need for the IEE Study of the Proposed Project:

The development projects bring about changes, both positive and negative, in the

environmental and social settings of the project area. The intensity and level of change,

however, depends upon the nature of the project and the baseline environmental

conditions of the area. For the last four decades this aspect has gained a momentum both

at official and public level. As a result of this, official regulations and laws have been

promulgated for the protection and conservation of the physical, biological and social

environment. The law makes it mandatory to carry out environmental assessment studies

before commencement of construction activities of any project.

Section 12 of Punjab Environmental Protection Act, 2012 states that “No proponent of a

project shall commence construction or operation unless he has filed with the Provincial

Agency an initial environmental examination or, where the project is likely to cause an

adverse environmental effect, an environmental impact assessment, and has obtained

from the Provincial Agency approval in respect thereof.” Pakistan Environmental

Protection Agency (Review of IEE and IEE) Regulations, 2000 provided the guidelines

for categorizing the projects. According to the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency

(Review of IEE and IEE) Regulations 2000, the proposed Project falls Schedule I, which

requires an IEE.




1.3 Study Objectives:

The overall objective of IEE is to promote environmentally sustainable development in

the country. The specific objectives of the IEE study for the proposed construction of the

Controlled ginning unit include the following:

·Documentation of relevant policy, legal and administrative framework;

·Collection and scrutinization of data related to physical, biological and socio-

economic environments of the project area and to prepare baseline environmental

profile;

·Identification, prediction and evaluation of environmental impacts of the proposed

project;

·Implementation of mitigation measure to minimize the adverse impacts; and

·Preparation of an Environmental Management Plan.

1.4 Project Benefits:

The primary objective of this project is the provision of better communication facilities which

will undoubtedly have a positive impact on the standard of living. Economic uplift is strongly

linked with improved communication facilities and the construction of this dual carriageway

will facilitate this process. Consequently, this will have a domino effect on society who will

stand to benefit from the provision of this project.

The commuters and transportation of goods suffer delays, traffic jams and idle running of

vehicles, which not only cost fuel, wear & tear of vehicles but at the same time increases air

and noise pollution. Moreover, safety hazards pose a threat to human life and vehicles plying

on the road. The project aims to reduce these problems as much as possible.

This project will also facilitate road users populace of residents of area, of which is presently

partially operational.




1.5 Proponent & Consultant Address

Proponent Name & Address

District Officer Road 1

City District Government, Lahore Consultants Address

Pak-Enviro Consultants

108, E-Block Sabzazar, Lahore,

Website:www.pakenviroconsultants.com

Email: [email protected]

Cell# 0321-4802517

1.6 Scope of Services and Approach to Carry Out the Study

The Terms of references stipulated following major objectives of this study i.e.

a. Identify adverse environmental and social impacts associated with various project

components and phases of project implementation.

b. Describe baseline environmental and social conditions of the whole project corridor.

c. Identification of environmental and social impact of the project and suggest

mitigation measures.

d. To assess and establish the existing environmental and socioeconomic conditions in

the Project area.

e. To implement and execute environmental safeguards considering the harmful effects

due to the Project.

f. To propose mitigation and monitoring measures that can be incorporated into the

design of the Project to remove or reduce the damaging effects of various factors, as

far as possible, and to control and monitor, residual factors.

g. To facilitate environmental decision making.

http://www.pakenviroconsultants.com/




h. To facilitate an appropriate follow up process with requirements for monitoring,

management, audit and evaluation.

i. To assess the proposed activities and to ensure that they comply with the relevant

environmental and social regulations and standards.

j. Describe the governing national and international laws & regulatory framework on

environment and institutional arrangements.

k. Prepare Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and Environmental Costs etc.

l. To prepare an IEE report as per the relevant guidelines for submittal to the Provincial

Environment Protection Department.( TOR attached in Annex-I)

1.6.1Specific Tasks for the Study Team:

Based upon the available information, a set of tasks has been conceptualized for the

Project viz.

Task 1: Establishment of time frame for various Project components.

Task 2: Examination and analysis of relevant environmental regulations.

Task 3: Initial consultations with the relevant agencies and stakeholders.

Task 4: Description of the Project and alternatives.

Task 5: Description of the Environment.

Task 6: Prediction and Evaluation of the impacts.

Task 7: Institutional and legal aspects.

Task 8: Environmental Management Action Plan.

Task 9: Consultation with stakeholders.

Task 10: Institutional capacity building and training.




1.6.2Task Assignment:

For timely completion of the IEE study, the field

activities were planned. Careful planning ensured

effective resource management and timely

completion of tasks throughout the period of

association. Task assignment was done according

to the expertise and experience. In this context the

consultant engaged a team of competent experts

for conducting IEE study, which included the

following persons: Name

Designation

Shumaila Irfan Chief Executive Officer/Legal

Advisor

Sardar M Kakar

Environmental Specialist

Waseem Ullah Khokhar SHE Manager/ Environmentalist

Muzaffar Iqbal Social and Resettlement Expert

Dr. Muhammad Ashraf Bodla Environmentalist/Social/Resettlem

ent Expert

Muhammad Danish

Environmental Engineer

Data Collector Zeenat Aamir

1.6.3 Resource Requirements:

For obtaining all available data regarding the subject project, a number of meetings were held

with the Proponent, concerned government and non-government agencies. The credibility of

this IEE study depends on the quality and reliability of the baseline information, which was




used to evaluate the impacts on existing environment. In addition, the impacts of the future

development plan on the area‟s environment will also be determined. The published and

unpublished data were collected for assessing the environmental conditions besides direct

data collection from the field.

1.6.4 Field Visits:

The consultant team visited the Project site in June, 2016 after signing the contract with

CDGL and adjoining areas frequently to collect baseline data and investigate physical,

biological, and socioeconomic resources. In addition, meetings were held with the

stakeholders and community members in the Project area to collect primary information

about the Project and record their views and concerns regarding the proposed transmission

line project. (Photo log attached in Annex-II)

The rapid Social Appraisal methodology was applied to discover the facts (empirically

verifiable observations or verifying the old facts) on the prevailing socio-economic and

cultural conditions of the Project area. Various aspects of the physical environment probed

during the survey include the followings:

1.6.5 Physical Environment:

This includes a wide range of aspects viz.

General characteristics of the site

Geological/ seismological information

Soil (Particularly degree of salinity and water logging) “Topography and natural

drainage

Climate (temperature, winds, precipitation and relative humidity) Incidence of

flood

Surface and ground water quality

Ambient air quality (3 selected locations) Sewage effluents

Solid waste and Drainage (quantity and proposed disposal management)




Noise levels (source of noise e.g. mechanical operation, traffic on the adjoining

road - monitoring of 8 hrs at three selected points

1.6.6 Ecological Environment:

Flora (Existing Trees and other plants)

Fauna (animals, birds, reptiles, commonly found)

1.6.7 Socio-economic Environment:

Income level

Employment/ occupation

Business/commercial (Ownership status, Encroachments) "' Education (Literacy

level; Schools)

Religion/sect

Population/density

Gender ratio

Role of women

Public health (availability of sanitation, medical facilities)

Aesthetic values

Archaeological/ Historical entities

Cultural values

1.6.8 Review of Legal and Administrative Framework:

The objective of the review of legal and administrative framework is to obtain information on

all legislation pertaining to the Project development. The Consultant Experts reviewed the

environmental policies, national, international and provincial laws and guidelines relevant to

the Project. A synopsis of all relevant laws is included in the Report.




1.6.9 Identification of Impacts:

The impacts have been identified for the methodical consideration of likely or possible

significant impacts on the environment because of Road project. The aim of this task was to

assess the associated risks with these impacts. The identification of impacts is a key activity

in the environmental assessment process, which is based on the professional judgment of

team‟s experience supported by national and international guidelines.

1.9.10 Evaluation of Impacts:

Each impact identified has been evaluated against its significance in the terms of its severity

and likelihood of its occurrence. The impact evaluation process was carried out to prioritize

each potential impact and screen out insignificant or inconsequential impacts. The

significance of the impacts has been assessed in terms of the effects on the natural ecosystem,

level of public concern and conformity with legislative or statutory requirements. The

assessment of the severity was to consider the nature, magnitude, extent and location, timing

and duration and reversibility of the potential impact. The evaluation of the significant

impacts will outline the basis for development of environmental mitigation and monitoring

program.

1.6.11 Identification of Mitigation Measures:

The objective of identification of mitigation measures is to identify practices, technologies or

activities that would prevent or minimize all significant negative environmental impacts and

propose physical and procedural controls to ensure that mitigation is effective. On the basis

of the impact evaluation performed, changes or improved practices have been suggested,

where practical, in the planned activities, to prevent and control unacceptable adverse impacts

resulting from normal or extreme events. Monitoring requirements have been defined and

institutional arrangements for monitoring have been suggested.




1.6.12 Development of Environmental Management Plan and Environmental

Monitoring Plan:

An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been developed for effective

implementation of the recommended mitigation measures. The EMP includes controls to

minimize the identified impacts, and monitoring program to monitor residual impacts, if any,

during the operation. The EMP also describes procedures to be followed during the operation

of the Project and identify roles and responsibilities of all concerned personnel, including

reporting in the operational phase. Together with Environmental Management Plan, an

Environmental Monitoring Plan has been framed to ensure that all the corrective actions to

counter the adverse environmental impacts have been taken

1.7 Structure of Report:

The Initial Environmental Examination Report comprises of nine chapters and annexes.

Chapter 1, Introduction; gives an introduction of the Project, scope of work for Initial

Environmental Examination, Approach and methodology, the study team etc.

Chapter 2, Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework; provides an overview of the

policy framework and national legislation that applies to the proposed project. The project is

expected to comply with all national/provincial legislation relating to environment in

Pakistan, and to obtain all the required regulatory clearances.

Chapter 3, Description of the Project; gives a rather detailed account of the Project

particularly emphasizing those project components which are of importance in relation with

environmental and social aspects.

Chapter 4, Analysis of Alternatives; describes the analysis of alternatives, which could

be site alternative, design or technology alternatives.




Chapter 5, Environmental and Social Baseline Conditions; provides information about the

environmental and social settings of the project area, geology, climate, flora, fauna, water

resources, socioeconomic conditions etc.

Chapter 6, Stakeholders and Public Consultations; deals with the outcome of the

consultation carried out with the local communities, knowledgeable people, public

representatives, etc. It discusses the concern of various tires of the people and provides an

outline how these have been addressed within the IEE of the project.

Chapter 7, Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures;

identifies the potential impacts due to the implementation of project on the physical,

biological and social environment of the Project Area.

Chapter 8, Environmental Management and Monitoring Plans; outlines the

environmental management plan, identifies the roles and responsibilities to implement EMP,

suggest monitoring frequencies of various parameters, environmental costs etc.

Chapter 9, Conclusions and Recommendations; sums up the report and conclusions and

recommendations resulting from the study.




Chapter: 2

Legal and Administrative Frameworks

2.0 General:

This section discusses the legislative and regulatory framework and institutional set-

up existing currently in the country, relevant to environment and environmental

assessment, along with environmental guidelines issued by the federal government.

2.1Constitutional Provision:

The Constitution of Pakistan vests legislative powers with the National Assembly and

the Senate at the federal level and with the provincial assemblies in the four

provinces. The Fourth Schedule of the Constitution comprises two legislative lists: the

Federal Legislative consists of subjects exclusive to the federal government whereas

the Concurrent List includes subjects over which both the federal and provincial

governments have legislative powers. In case any provincial legislation is in conflict

with a federal law, the Constitution lays down that the federal legislation will prevail

over the provincial legislation to the extent of the inconsistency. The subject of

“environmental pollution and ecology” is included in the Concurrent List of the

Constitution, thereby permitting both the federal and provincial governments to enact

laws on the subject. However, only the federal government has so far enacted laws

relating to the environment and the provincial governments derive their powers from

the federal law. The federal law does permit the provincial government, as also itself,

to frame rules and regulations under such laws. In conjunction with Article 9 of the

Constitution, which states that “No person shall be deprived of life or liberty save in

accordance with law”, the Supreme Court of Pakistan in one of its judgments has

declared that the right to a clean environment is part of the fundamental constitutional

right to life.

2.1.1 Policy Framework:

There are a number of key official policies and initiatives of the Government of

Pakistan seeking to protect and preserve the environment, which relate to the project




under review. These include the National Environment Policy, National Conservation

Strategy, Biodiversity Action Plan and the National Resettlement Policy, each of

which are discussed briefly hereafter.

2.2.1 National Environment Policy:

The National Environment Policy of 2005 provides an overarching framework to

address environmental issues framed by the country, especially fresh water bodies and

coastal waters, air pollution, lack of proper waste management, deforestation, loss of

biodiversity, desertification, natural disasters and climate change. National

Environment Policy stipulates that the provisions of the Pakistan Environmental

Protection Act, 1997 relating to environmental impact assessment must be diligently

enforced in respect of public sector development projects. The policy aims to protect,

conserve and restore the environment to improve quality of life through sustainable

development and its main objectives are:

• Conservation, restoration and efficient management of environmental

Resources;

• Integration of environmental considerations in policy formulation and planning

processes;

• Capacity building of public-sector agencies and other stakeholders to manage

environment more efficiently;

• Meeting international obligations effectively in line with national aspirations, and

• Creating a demand for background through mass awareness and mobilization of

the community.

2.2.2 National Conservation Strategy:

The National Conservation Strategy was the primary policy pledging to balance

Pakistan‟s economic development with conservation of natural resources .The




Strategy was put together following a nine-year consultative process with all

stakeholders, including government organisations, environmental experts, non-

governmental organisations, communities, interested individuals and multilateral and

bilateral agencies. The Strategy was approved by the Federal Cabinet in 1992 as the

principal policy document for the country‟s environmental management. The

underlying goal of this document is that all economic and statutory development in

the country should be such that it does not conflict with the interests of conservation

of nature. The overriding objectives of the Strategy are:

• Conservation of natural resources;

• Sustainable development, and

• Improved efficiency in the use and management of resources.

These three objectives are to be achieved through greater public participation in

development and environmental management, development of an environment-

economic development nexus and lasting improvements in quality of life. The

National Conservation Strategy proposes policies in fourteen primary, secondary and

tertiary sectors, which are agriculture, forest management, rangeland rehabilitation,

livestock management, water resources, wildlife, mineral resources, marine and

coastal resource management, fisheries, industrial development, tourism, human

settlement, pollution control and energy. Policies relating only to the last three sectors

are related to the envisaged project and that too only marginally. The policies for

these sectors centre largely on the following main issues:

• Human Settlement: Encouragement of decentralization when advantages of

concentration are diminishing and alleviating discomforts arising out of

resettlement of population;

• Pollution Control: Promotion of wastewater treatment technologies that provide

for recovery and reuse of water, nutrients and organic matter, and




• Energy: Usage of energy resources efficiently and propagation of energy

conservation.

2.2.3 Biodiversity Action Plan:

Pakistan is a signatory to the Convention on Biological Diversity, and is must develop

a plan to conserve biodiversity. Accordingly, the federal government constituted a

Biodiversity Working Group under the auspices of the Ministry of Environment to

develop a Biodiversity Action Plan. After an extensive consultative exercise, a draft

Action Plan has been developed, which is designed to complement the National

Conservation Strategy and the provincial conservation strategies. The draft Action

Plan identifies causes of biodiversity loss and suggests proposals to conserve

biodiversity.

2.2.4 National Resettlement Policy:

The Government of Pakistan issued the National Resettlement Policy in 2002 for

resettlement of population displaced by a development project. Since there has not

been displacement of population from the project site, provisions of the said Policy

are not applicable to the project.

2.3Law and Regulations:

Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 is the basic legislative tool empowering

the government to frame regulations to protect the environment. While a basic policy

and legislative framework for protection of the environment and overall biodiversity

is now in place, detailed rules and guidelines required for implementation of the

policies and enforcement of legislation are still in various stages of formulation and

discussion. Laws, rules, regulations and standards relevant to the project in the

context of environmental protection which have already been enacted or notified, as

the case may be, are described hereafter.

2.3.1Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997:




The Government of Pakistan promulgated the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act,

1997 on December 6, 1997, to provide for protection, conservation, rehabilitation and

improvement of the environment, prevention and control of pollution, and promotion

of sustainable development. One of the basic objectives of this legislation is to

prevent any activity that can have adverse environmental impact. Section 2(1) of the

said Act defines adverse environmental impact as impairment of or damage to the

environment and includes impairment of or damage to human health and safety or to

biodiversity or property, pollution and any adverse environmental effect as may be

specified in regulations framed under the Act. The Act of 1997 is the basic legislative

tool empowering the government to frame regulations for environmental protection.

The Act is applicable to a broad range of issues and extends to air, water, soil, marine

and noise pollution, as well as the handling of hazardous waste. The powers of the

federal and provincial agencies established under the defunct Pakistan Environmental

Protection Ordinance 1983, have also been considerably enhanced under this

legislation and they have been given the power to conduct inquiries into possible

breaches of environmental law either of their own accord, or upon the registration of a

complaint. The requirement for environmental assessment is laid out in Section 12(1)

of the Act, which states that no project involving construction activities or any change

in the physical environment can be undertaken unless an Initial Environmental

Examination or an Environmental Impact Assessment is conducted, and approval is

received from the federal or relevant provincial agency. Section 12(6) of the Act

states that this provision is applicable only to such categories of projects as may be

prescribed under the law or regulations made there under. Violations of Section 12 are

covered under Section 17 of the Act, which prescribes a fine extending to one million

rupees, and in the case of a continuing contravention or failure, with an additional fine

which may extend to one hundred thousand rupees for every day during which such

contravention or failure continues.

2.3.2Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency:




Review of Initial Environmental Examination and Environmental Impact Assessment

Regulations, 2000

The Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of IEE and IEE Regulations,

2000 provide the basis, criteria and procedures for preparation of environmental

studies for all projects likely to impinge on the environment.1 These regulations also

specify the procedure whereby environmental approval is granted by the federal or

provincial agencies for such projects. Schedules I and II of the said Regulations set

out lists of projects that presently require either an Initial Environmental Examination

study or an Environmental Impact Assessment. The proposed project falls under

Category “I” of projects that require environmental approval.

2.3.3National Environmental Quality Standards, 2000:

The National Environmental Quality Standards specifies the following parameters:

• Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (sixteen parameters) in

gaseous emissions from industrial sources and for power plants operating

on oil and coal;

• Maximum allowable increment in concentration of sulphur dioxide in

ambient air;

• Maximum allowable increment in concentration of nitrogen oxides in

ambient air;

• Maximum allowable emission of nitrogen oxide for steam generators as

function of heat input;

• Maximum allowable emission of sulphur dioxide, and

• Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (thirty-two parameters) in

municipal and liquid industrial effluents discharged to inland waters,

sewage treatment and sea.




The discharge or emission of any effluent, waste, air pollutant or noise in any amount,

concentration or level in excess of the National Environmental Quality Standards

specified by the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency has been prohibited under

the Act, and penalties have been prescribed for those contravening the provisions of

the Act.

2.3.4Pakistan Penal Code, 1860:

The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 is the primary penal legislation in the country and

prescribes penalties for violations concerning pollution of air, water bodies and land.

Provisions under this Act relating to environment are no longer being enforced after

promulgation of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997. However, pollution

offences can still be tried under the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860. Environment-related

provisions of this law relate

to water quality and resources, air quality, pollution, toxic or hazardous substances,

public health and safety, and public nuisances. Protection of the environment with

regards to toxic and hazardous waste is also covered under this law.

2.3.5 Land Acquisition Act, 1894:

The Land Acquisition Act, 1894, lays down the legal basis for any property affected

by a project and for compensating affected landowners. The project site was leased by

the proponents from the provincial government for a period of ninety-nine years at a

yearly rent of one hundred rupees the land was free of all encumbrances. Accordingly,

no land acquisition proceedings were required and consequently, there is no issue of

payment of compensation for the project site

2.3.6Project Implementation and

Resettlement of Affected Persons Ordinance 2001:

This Ordinance was promulgated in 2001 by the federal government to provide relief

to persons or households affected by any project in terms of loss of land or




displacement.1 The project under review is not affected by this law as no displaced of

authorised or unauthorised occupants of the project site has taken place.

2.3.7Factory Act 1934:

Factory" means any premises, including the precincts thereof, whereon ten or more

workers are working, or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months,

and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on. The Provincial

Government may, by notification in Official Gazette, declare that all or any of the

provisions of this Act applicable to factories shall apply to any place wherein a

manufacturing process is being carried on or is ordinarily carried on whether with or

without the use of power whenever five or more workers are working therein or have

worked therein on any one day of the twelve months immediately preceding. And

also provide all a health facilities to workers who are working in there and

management of waste which are produce in factory during construction and operation.

2.3.8 Punjab Plantation and Maintenance of Trees Act, 1974:

The provincial government enacted this law in 1974 to regulate tree plantation and

enforce measures for protection of tree plantations in the province.

2.3.9 The Cutting of Trees (Prohibition) Act, 1975:

The Act was enforced in 1975 to place restrictions on cutting of trees in order to

restrain unchecked trend of tree felling without replacement.

2.3.10 Protection of Trees and Brushwood Act, 1949:

The Protection of Trees and Brushwood Act, 1949 prohibits cutting or chopping of

trees and brushwood without permission of the Forest Department. The project site

was open urban property before development but there were no trees at the site that

required removal.

2.3.11 Antiquities Act, 1975:




The Antiquities Act, 1975, protects the country‟s national and cultural heritage. The

said Act defines „antiquities‟ as ancient products of human activity, historical sites, or

sites of anthropological or cultural interest, national monuments etc. The said Act was

formulated to protect such antiquities from destruction, theft, negligence, unlawful

excavation, trade and export. It prohibits new construction in the proximity of a

protected antiquity and excavation in any area that may contain articles of

archaeological significance. The said Act restrains any proponents from undertaking

any activity within sixty-one metres or two hundred feet of a protected antiquity.

2.3.12 Punjab Special Premises (Preservation) Ordinance, 1985:

The Government of the Punjab enforced this Ordinance in 1985 to ensure that special

premises, such as buildings, monuments and shrines of national, religious or socio-

cultural significance are not threatened by any activity. There are no such special

premises close to the project site.

2.3.13 Employment of Child Act, 1991:

Article 11(3) of the Constitution prohibits employment of children below the age of

fourteen years in factories, mines or any other hazardous employment. The

Employment of Child Act, 1991, was accordingly enacted to comply with the

Constitutional provision as also abide by international conventions and treaties in

order to prohibit child labour.

2.3.14 Labor Laws:

Construction and operational activities during the course of construction can affect

occupational health of workers. Quantitative national standards with respect to this

aspect are yet to be developed. However, guidance in qualitative terms can be

obtained from the Pakistan Factories Rules, 1962, which follow from the Factories

Act, 1934 and the Labour Laws (Amended), 1972. Employers are required to abide by

labour laws in respect of their own employees and also to ensure that contractors to




follow the relevant labour laws and rules relating to safety of the workforce and

creating a healthy working environment. During the construction phase of the project,

the proponents shall monitor the contractor‟s work on a continuous basis so as to

ensure that no worker is subjected to hazardous working conditions or placed in an

unfavorable employment condition. During operation of the project, the proponents

shall ensure, through the Kashmir Centre Management Council, that workers engaged

at the premises are not exposed to any danger.

2.3.15 Building Regulations, 2005:

Building Regulations, 2005 cover general administrative matters, building and

planning control requirements, building structure and drainage and sanitation

requirements, fire resistance and fire precaution, areas subjected to special control,

privacy of adjoining properties and relaxation in the provisions of building regulations

etc.

2.3.16 Punjab Local Government Ordinance, 2001:

Environmental protection is devolved subject under Punjab Local Government

Ordinance (LGO), 2001.Notwithstanding any specific provisions, every local

government may perform functions conferred by or under the Punjab Local

Government Ordinance,2001 and in performance of such functions may exercise

such powers, which are necessary and appropriate. Until different provisions, rules,

regulations or byelaws are made, the local governments may exercise such powers as

are specified in the Sixth Schedule of Punjab LGO, 2001. Environmental protection is

at serial 48 of the Sixth Schedule.

2.3.17 Punjab Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and

Management) Act, 1974:




This Act was enacted in 1974 for regulation of activities relating to protection, conservation

and management of wildlife in the province. Enabling rules were notified in the same year

to enforce the Act.

2.3.18 Related Law:

Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency has advised that a number of laws must be

studied while preparing an environmental report in order to ensure that all environmental

impacts of a project are appropriately addressed as also to make proponents aware of all

legal requirements relating to the environment. These laws cover various environmental

aspects, such as environmental protection, land-use, water quality and resources, air

quality, noise, toxic or hazardous substances, solid wastes and effluents, marine and

fisheries, forest conservation, parks and wildlife conservation and enforcement, mineral

development, cultural environment, livestock, and public health and safety. A list of such

laws is available at the website of Pakistan EPA.

2.3.19 Environmental Guidelines:

The Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of Initial Environmental

Examination and Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations, 2000, stipulate that an

environmental study must be prepared, to the extent practicable, in accordance with the

Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Guidelines, which include:

• Guidelines for Preparation and Review of Environmental Reports

• Guidelines for Public Consultation

• Guidelines for Sensitive and Critical Areas

• Sectoral Guidelines for the construction sector

Guidelines suggested by the federal government are in no way the last word in preparation

of environmental reports and are purely non-regulatory in nature. Accordingly, wherever

environmental guidelines are silent on a specific aspect of environmental protection, the

prevalent practise is to follow non-binding guidelines framed by provincial governments,




United Nations Environment Programme, World Bank, Asian Development Bank and other

credible national and international sources.

2.4 Obligation under International Treaties:

Pakistan is a partner to various international treaties and conventions on the conservation

of environment and protection of wildlife. The country is obliged to adhere to

commitments specified in these treaties. Pakistan is co-signatory to a number of

international treaties and conventions and its environmental laws and policies thus must

conform to such protocols. A copy of major treaties signed by Pakistan is annexed to the

Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997.

2.5 International Law and standards:

The Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment adopted at

Stockholm on June 16, 1972 is the first formal international recognition of the need for

protection of the environment between persons of the same generation and between persons

of present and future generations. The Declaration states that development should be

conditioned with due regard to the environment and the international interest. The Stockholm

Declaration formulates 26 principles and the first provides substance for the remaining: “Man

has the fundamental right to freedom, equality and adequate conditions of life, in an

environment of equality that permits a life of dignity and well-being, and he bears a solemn

responsibility to protect and improve the environment for present and future generations.”

2.6 Institutional Setup:

The apex environmental body in the country is the Pakistan Environmental Protection

Council, presided over by the Prime Minister of Pakistan. Other bodies include the Pakistan

Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Protection Agency and an

Environmental Tribunal in each province. The federal and provincial agencies were

originally established under the defunct Environmental Protection Ordinance, 1983. The

powers of these agencies have been strengthened under the Pakistan Environmental

Protection Act, 1997. The Environmental Protection Agency, Government of the Punjab,

has been empowered to receive and review environmental assessment reports of projects,




and accord or with-hold environmental approval in respect of the Punjab Province. The

federal government has also devised procedures for review of environmental reports by the

Environmental Protection Departments.

2.7.1 Legal Framework:

The Government of Pakistan (GOP) has promulgated laws/acts and regulations for the

protection, conservation, rehabilitation and improvement of the environment. In addition to

this, they have also developed environmental assessment procedures governing

developmental projects. Following are the excerpts of these law, regulations and procedures

relevant to the proposed Project.

2.7.1 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997:

The Act was enacted by repealing the Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance (1983)

on December 03, 1997 to provide for the protection, conservation, rehabilitation, and

improvement of the environment, for the prevention and control of pollution, and promotion

of sustainable development. Section 12 of the Act stresses the need to carry out

environmental assessment study prior to construction or operation of a project.

2.8 Administrative Framework:

Construction of Adda Bahseen Village to Thatti Koda, NA-130 Lahore under the

administrative frame work of CDGL.

a) District Officer (DO), Road City District Government, Lahore. Government of the

Punjab is the sponsoring and City District Government, Lahore is executing agency of the

proposed Project. The mitigation measures proposed in this IEE Report will be implemented

and monitored by District Officer (DO), Road City District Government, Lahore.

b) Environmental Protection Department/Agency, Punjab:

The Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency is the apex body for the enforcement of

environmental laws in Pakistan. They have delegated powers to provincial environmental




protection agencies for review, approval and monitoring of environmental assessment

projects. The projects falling within the jurisdiction of the Punjab province are administered

by the Environmental Protection Department/Agency (EPD/EPA). As regards the proposed

Project, the Department/Agency will be responsible for reviewing of the report, issuing No

Objection Certificate (NOC) and overall/broad based monitoring of the Project activities to

ensure compliance with the Environmental Management Plan (EMP)




Chapter: 3

Project Description

3.0 General:

This Chapter provides an overview of the project including the proposed project design

considerations, construction procedures, operation and maintenance activities. The safety

parameters to be followed by proponent during construction and operation stages as well as

construction arrangements and procedures to be adopted for project have been discussed in

detail in this section.

3.1 Location of the Project:

The Project envisages the Construction of Adda Bahseen Village to Thatti Koda, NA-130

Lahore is located at Bahseen Village Lahore. The construction of road has been started on

30.09.2015. The paved road is not present due to which people of Bahseen Village faced

problems in daily life to get the facilities. The main issue is poor sewerage system, traveling

through this road is not easy job in raining season. After the project implementation, the

paved road is very useful for the people of the area. They faced the problems during the

construction of road and installation equipment but overall project is beneficial.

3.1.1 General Layout of roads :

The roads layout will be based on an optimized arrangement of project areas, main

components with special regard to the natural topography, geological conditions, water

sources, water reservoir, material storage, transportation of material and handling facilities,

operational requirements, and maintenance.




Figure: 3.1 Linear Plan of Proposed Site




3.2 Cost of the Project:

The estimated Project Cost is Rs. 25 Million including the cost of land, labour, equipment&

machinery and Environment budget

3.2 .1Salient Features of the Project:

This project is based on construction of road and improves sewerage system. The

implementation of the project will result in improvement of traffic flow significantly as the

new roads have more capacity. The total cost of the project is Rs.25 Millions

Table 3.1: Some Salient Features of the Project:

S.N Features Facts

1 Road Type Road

2 Length of Road 4.10 Km

3 Width of Road 12 ft

4 Construction Period One Year

5 Total Estimated Cost of

Project

Rs.25Millions

3.4 Project Administrative Jurisdiction:

The proposed Project falls in the administrative jurisdiction of City District Government,

Lahore.

3.5 Component of the Proposed Project:

The major components of the proposed project is mention in layout attached in annexure-III




3.6 Delineation of COI, Project Area and Study Area:

Corridor of Impact (COI) comprises the complimentary effect of both Project and the Study

Areas which will be impacted directly or indirectly by the project during construction and

operational phases. It will, thus include following four areas altogether. Yet the situation in

which construction related activities will extend beyond the roads will include:-

The labour camp site, project and contractors camps, equipment and machinery yards

and materials depots.

Borrowing sites for soil materials.

Quarrying sites for soil materials.

Construction of haul tracks in order to transport construction material.

Project Area: The definition of Project Area (PA) in the perspective of environmental and

ecological assessment deals with the area under direct influence, which is at Bahseen Village.

Study Area: On the other hand, the Study Area (SA) deals with the area of indirect

environmental influence which is in the Bahseen Village.

3.7 Construction Activities:

3.7.1 HSE Arrangements:

There could be potential impact on health and safety of the workers during construction and

operational stage. This may be due to noise and dust which may cause health impacts among

workers. For this:

Appropriate technologies including careful designs and construction activities will be

used to minimize the potential hazard.

Safety awareness will be raised among the construction and operation staff.

Security fences and barriers around the project area will be placed to avoid accidents

and other interruptions by the locals.




Contractor will provide safety training to all site personnel during construction.

Workers will also be provided with safety helmets, long work boots, ear muffles,

gloves, masks, first aid/ medical kit and safety glasses.

All the necessary Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) will be provided to workers.

Public/ workers health and safety related warning signs will be prominently displayed

for the general public.

Operational staff will be provided with proper training and safety measures.

Noise level will be under the limit of NEQS and proper PPE (Personal Protective

Equipment) should be provided.

Ensure the availability of fire hydrants, extinguishers fire alarms, smoke detectors and

establish a no smoking policy.

3.8.2 Work Bases:

The work bases are on site closer to Bahseen Village Road, Lahore.

3.9.3 Raw Material Availability:

The contractor will arrange most of the raw construction material from nearest location and

convenient markets like sand, reinforcement bars, cement, GI pipes bricks etc. Fuel will be

available from Lahore city .Water for compaction and other uses will be available at site as

ground water. As concerns borrow material, earth etc they are all available locally.

3.10.4 Camp and Work Force:

The manpower requirements by skills during execution and operation of the project are

provided as per the Government jobs. The maximum time for the construction of road is one

year.




3.7.5 Construction Machinery:

Generally contractor poll all machinery and equipment closer to the construction site in

equipment yard and try that site could be accessible easily through the same link road which

connects the labour camp to the main road. Located in the open and away from any

habitation; the yard is likely to cause minimum environment impacts. The access road,

however, may have to be graded, watered and compacted from time to time to ensure a dust

free environment by the machinery movement. Being closer to the labour camp and the

command & control Centre of the field operations, security and supervision shall pose no

problems.

Symbolic machinery required by construction crew is enlisted below:

Crane

Trucks

Loader/Dumber

Concrete mixers

Water Sprinklers

Water Tanks Carriers

Spare parts for the above

3.7.6 Project Water Requirement, Supply and Waste water Disposal:

An adequate clean water supply required at camp site according to labour drinking, cooking

bathing & laundry and even for land compaction purposes.

Regarding wastewater / sewage disposal facilities, there are certain functional working

procedures and rules to operate disposal system, especially when construction sites are closer

to water bodies. The wastewater will be disposed in a drain, which is already present.




3.7.7 Excavations and Arrangement for Waste Generation:

During the study, different types of solid, gaseous waste are estimated to be produced during

the project construction and accordingly, their impacts and mitigation are proposed. These are

as follows:

(a)Solid Waste

The major type of solid waste produced from the operation will be “construction waste”.

Solid waste mainly consists of generally food waste. The waste produced will be disposed at

the site allocated for waste disposal under the premises of project site.

(b) Gaseous Waste

No gaseous waste will be generated. Fuel would only be used during asphalt plant for short

period of time.

(c) Noise

Noise will also be produced from the different components of the project during operation

phase. Generator, turbine will be the components which will produce the noise and can

impact the human health.

3.7.8 Construction Schedule:

Total time to construct the Bahseen Village road program will span over under the following

time breakup:

Feasibility, design & contractor mobilization : 30 days

Construction Work : 10 months

Adjustment Time : 30 days

Total : one year




3.7.9 Contractor’s Obligation:

It is considered an obligation of the contractor to abide by clauses/conditions which should

also be a part of the Tender Document followed by the Contract Document.

3.8 Infrastructure:

3.8.1 Existing Infrastructure:

Adequate infrastructure is necessary for the transportation of equipment, goods and services

both during the construction and operation stage of the project. All the material can be

transported to the project site via highway (road), present along the project site. The

wastewater of the proposed project will be disposed of in drain already present in the area.

3.8.2 Required Infrastructure:

The requisite infrastructure required during the construction and operation stages of the

project are discussed below:

(a) Water Supply

Both during the construction and operation phase of the project, groundwater can be used to

meet various needs. Apart from this, the other sources of water will also be used to meet

drinking requirements because the ground water quality is not fit for drinking purposes.

(b) Electricity

The Contractor will be responsible to buy electricity during the construction and operation

phase of the project.

(c) Telephone Facility

It is small duration project so no need for provision of this facility.

(d) Project Completion Time

It is expected that the construction of the project components will be completed in one year.




3.9 Proposed Schedule for Implementation:

The tentative schedule for construction of the project is 0ne Year if the conditions remain

favorable.

3.10 Government Approval Required for the Proposed Project:

For the construction/ installation of the project, environmental approval is required from

EPA, Punjab which will be granted after the submission of IEE Report and fulfilling the

Requirements of EPA.




Chapter 4

Analysis of Alternative

4.0 General:

This Chapter deals with an analytical overview of the different alternatives that have been

considered in the project. The analysis has been carried out critically so as to justify the need

of the Project. Besides the economic viability, environmental sustenance and social

soundness of the proposed project should also be considered when analyzing various

alternatives. The various alternatives which have been considered during the conduct of the

study are as under:

No project option

Alternative Construction Methods

Alternative Geometry

4.1 No Project Option:

Site is already under disposal of CDG Lahore. People requested many times for its

construction. Therefore, no option other than this project is considered.

4.2 Alternatives of Location:

4.2.1 Development of Environmental Site Selection Criteria:

The site selection criteria were based on a number of parameters as indicated below:

Land Availability

Environmental Issues

Social Issues

Any other Facility

A.Land Availability




As describe above that site is actually the possession of CDGL, and need no addition site to

be constructed or to acquire. This is Government Land

B. Environmental Issues

Due consideration has to be given to the sensitive issues related to the environment, forest,

wet lands, wildlife reserves, agricultural land, etc. while assessing the alternative sites for

development of the this cotton industry.

C. Social Issues

Social issues form an important element in the assessment criteria. Different socially

sensitive elements like graveyards, mosques, playgrounds, which can create social issues

have to be given due consideration while assessing the different sites. This side is best for

the construction of road.

4.2.1 Alternative Construction Methods:

The feasibility and constructability of the project is well established CDGL. The process

basically includes the transportation of equipment to site and the assembly of pre-fabricated

unit. Thus, the impacts from construction activities are very manageable from the

environmental viewpoint.

4.2.2Alternative Geometry:

The design is as short as it can be and avoids the local villages and all settlements.




Chapter 5

Environmental and Social Baseline Conditions

5.0 General Characteristics of Project Area:

The proposed site for Environmentally Controlled is located in Bahseen Village and it is

Government Land. This Section of the report describes the environmental and social

baseline conditions, which cover the existing physical, ecological and socio-economic

environments of the project and study area. Information on these aspects has been derived

from the information obtained through visits to the departments and the desk study of

available data. In addition to the primary data, the field survey was carried out from 10,

June, 2016.

5.2 Rationale of Environmental Study:

Development projects like roads are designed and implemented to cater for the public day

to day requirements. The theme to achieve high environmental standards for the

development project is to avoid them going into isolation or going out of proportion so

that balance of nature and sustainable development process should not be disturbed. This

is only possible when physical development is strongly tied with the strings of socio-

economic and eco-environmental modalities.

5.3 Objectives of the IEE Study:

The objective of conducting this IEE study is to identify positive and adverse

environmental impacts of the project and accordingly suggest mitigation measures for the

adverse. The environmental impacts include impacts regarding physical, ecological and

social aspects of the project. In order to accomplish the above objective, the following

aspects have been studied:

Established environmental baseline data including physical, ecological and social

aspects of the project area;




Assessed the proposed activities, identify and evaluate the potential impacts and

suggest appropriate mitigation measures.

Developed an environmental management plan for smooth implementation of the

project.

5.4 Physical Environment:

Baseline condition setting of physical parameters of the environment are described in this

sub-section which include topography, soils, geology, climate, hydrology, land and water

resources and many other physical parameters.

5.4.1 Topography:

The topographically setting of the roads alignment area is characterized by the Plain area.

The project area is situated at the Bahseen Village.

5.4.2 Environmental Monitoring, Sampling and Testing:

As mentioned earlier, environmental laboratory services were hired to determine the ambient

air, ground water quality and noise levels were also tested at the project site. Details are

attached in Annex-IV

5.5 Geography:

The geography of Lahore comprises the various features relating to the land and climate of

Lahore Pakistan. Lying between 31°15′—31°45′ N and 74°01′—74°39′ E, Lahore is bounded

on the north and west by the Sheikhupura District, on the east by Wagah, and on the south

by Kasur District. The Ravi River flows on the northern side of Lahore. Lahore city covers a

total land area of 1014 km² and is still growing.

5.6 Climate:

Lahore features a hot semi-arid climate with rainy, long and extremely hot summers, dry and

warm winters, a monsoon and dust storms. General climatic picture of the district shows that




May to August are considered as the hottest months in which the maximum temperature

varies from 46.3 oC to 37.8

oC with the June as the hottest month. January is the coldest

month of the year.The humidity variation in the year 2016 from January to August in District

Lahore ranges from 32% to 66%. The average rainfall in District Lahore varies markedly.

The rainfalls mainly occurred during the months of July, which is commonly known as

monsoon month. The visibility in the district usually remains good throughout the year except

for Nov., Dec and Jan. where it is lowest relative to other months due to thick fog that

disturbs traffic and air travel substantially, which are mainly because of torrential rains.

5.7 Biological Environment:

The study area comprises of different species of both flora and fauna which is described here

accordingly.

5.7.1 Flora:

The common/ local trees, herbs and shrubs are not present in the project area. There are no

protected forests in the project area.

5.7.2 Natural Fauna:

Natural fauna of the Study Area shows standard symmetry and comprises some species of

birds these are given table 4.3

Local Name Scientific Name

Crow Corvus

Sparrow Passeridae

Parrot Psittaciformes

Kite Milvus migrans

Frog Rana tigrina




Fly Diptera




Figure 4.1: Fauna Present in the Study Area

Plate# 1.Crows in study area Plate# 2 .Frog in study area

Plate#3.Parrot in project area Plate#4.Flies in the study area




Plate# 5.Sparrow in the study area Plate# 6.Kite in the study area

5.7.3 National Parks, Reserved Forests and Wildlife Sanctuaries:

No national parks and wildlife sanctuaries are present in the project area.

5.7.4 Endangered Species:

No floral and faunal endangered species were observed in the project area as well as in the

area of influence.

5.8 Social and Cultural Environment:

The field survey was carried out on 10, June, 2016 to collect the data from the people as well

as other general population to accomplish the baseline information, which will provide the

basis for subsequent monitoring and evaluation studies. No cultural, religious and other

structures are present in the vicinity of the project area. No forest or reserved park is present

within the study area.




Chapter: 6

Consultation, Participation and Disclosure

6.0 Objectives of Consultation:

Public consultation plays a vital role in studying the effects of any development project on

stakeholders and in its successful implementation and execution. It affords an opportunity to

exchange knowledge with those who as members of the society are concerned with the

Project, immediately or remotely. Referring particularly to a project related to environmental

assessment, involvement of public is all the more essential, as it leads to better and more

acceptable decision-making. The overall objective of the consultation with the stakeholders is

to help verify the environmental and social issues, besides technical ones, that have been

presumed to arise and to identify those which are not known or are unique to the Project. In

fact, discourse with many who have thoroughly observed the site conditions in the pre-

developmental phase, goes a long way in updating the knowledge and understanding.

6.1 Consultative Aspects:

The proposed Project involves stakeholders from various segments of the society, who have

direct or indirect interest in the developmental activity. The consultant team has endeavored

to hold consultative sessions with a number of prominent stakeholders to evince their views

on the proposed Project, inter-alia, their opinions, suggestions, understanding on various

issues and concerns.

The consultations aimed specifically at:

Exchange of information related to the Project and its possible utilization in the

Project planning and execution.

Dissemination of information through discussions, education and liaison.

Collaboratively solving the problems.

Eliciting the comments and feedback on the proposed Project.

Documentation of information narrated by the stakeholders.




Documentation of mitigation measures proposed by the stakeholders.

Incorporation of public concerns and their addressal in the IEE.

6.2 Stakeholder’s Consultations:

There are two types of stakeholders, i.e. primary and secondary stakeholders. The primary

stakeholders are the initial stakeholders, such as affected persons, general public including

women resided in villages in the vicinity of the sub-project area. Accordingly, the

consultations were made with all primary stakeholders for sharing the information regarding

project components, i.e. construction of project and community feedback regarding the

project. However, the consultative meetings were also held with the secondary stakeholders

including the officials/ staff management List of Officials Consulted attached in Annex-V

6.3 Public Consultations:

The consultations were made with the local community to share the information about the

project and record their concerns/ feedback associated with project. The individuals and

organizations consulted are given in Annex-VI.

6.4 Concerns Regarding the Project:

During the field survey, people were asked about their views regarding the proposed Project.

In general, local community has positive attitude towards this proposed Project that this will

help to improve the development of the area.




Chapter: 7

Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures

7.0 General:

This Chapter generally describes the potential environment and social impacts associated

with the construction and operation of the project and accordingly their mitigation measures

to minimize the impacts. The initial evaluation of the project was carried out considering

location, size, scope, importance, sensitivity and expected environmental and social impacts.

7.1 Construction Related Impact on Physical Environment:

This section explains how the proposed road construction will affect the physical aspects of

the environment and also the mitigation measures to manage these impacts during

construction stage.

7.1.1 Impact on Soil and Land:

The excavation for road will cause soil erosion.

Land resources may get contaminated from the spillage of fuels, other

construction chemicals and concrete. This normally happens when materials are

transported openly or in loosely capped containers.

Mitigation Measures:

The risk of soil contamination could be minimized through proper training to the

workforce in transportation, storage and handling of materials that can potentially

cause soil contamination.

Minimize soil and land take for construction activities.

Minimize the disruption of soil stability as much as possible and reclaim the area

through back filling, compaction and levelling etc, where possible.




7.1.2 Impact due to Air & Noise Pollution:

Air quality will be affected due to the dust produced by digging machinery and

hauling trucks during loading and unloading processes.

Noise levels will increase due to construction machinery which is likely to affect

the surroundings of the project.

Air pollution will increase by exhaust emissions from machinery and vehicles.


Contractor shall take all necessary measures to limit pollution from dust and any

other windblown materials during construction, including sprinkling of water on

regular basis during dry climatic conditions.

Vehicles in the construction area should operate at low speed to minimize the

spread of dust in the area.

Vehicles should be tuned to control the emissions.

Minimize the use of pneumatic drills and other noisy machinery.

The use of welding machines, cranes, fabrication equipment and loaders etc.

should be far away from the locality to prevent the disturbance due to noise

pollution.

7.1.3 Impact on Water Resources:

Subsurface water resources at the project site may be contaminated by lubricants, fuel spills

and through septic tanks etc. or by equipment washing yards.


Sewage Waste at the project site should be managed by using septic tanks which

should be properly cemented to prevent contamination of ground water.

Lubricants and Fuels should be stored in proper authorized tanks to prevent leakage

and should be regularly monitored.




Workers should restrict their activities near the camp areas.

There should be a proper water utilization plan to avoid the wastage of water.

All the waste material produced should be disposed at the waste dumping site.

7.2 Construction Related Impact on Biological Environment:

The impact on flora, fauna and wildlife and corresponding mitigation measures are described

in the following section:

7.2.1 Impact on Flora:

Workers may damage the vegetation of surrounding area for use as a fire wood.


The contractor‟s staff and labour should be directed not to damage any vegetation

such as trees and bushes.

Cutting of trees/ bushes for fuel should not be allowed from the adjacent area.

Open fires should be banned in the area to avoid hazards of fire in the area.

7.3.2 Impact on Fauna:

Animal regime in the area during excavation, movement of labour and carriage of

goods and machinery will be affected. Domestic animals will avoid these areas for

free movement.


Special measures should be adopted to minimize impacts on the animals and birds in

the area such as minimizing noise generation activities.

Staff working on the project should be given clear orders, not to shoot, snare or trap

any animal or bird in the area.

Waste material produced from the construction camps should be properly dispose of.




7.2.3.1 Impact on Wildlife:

Noise and vibrations produced during construction activities may cause some wildlife to

migrate out of the area; however no wildlife exists in the project area.

Mitigation Measures

The migrated wildlife species, if any, may return in the area after the completion of

construction activity. This impact is unlikely as already there is no wildlife in the project

area.

7.3 Construction Related Social Impacts:

The impact on human health, human activities and recreational place etc. and corresponding

mitigation measures are described in this section:

7.3.1 Impact on Human Health:

Accidents could occur during construction which may affect workers and general

public from excavation, moving machinery and other project activities.

Human health could also be affected due to dust, noise pollution and emissions from

machinery.


Appropriate technologies including careful designs and construction activities should

be used to minimize the potential hazard.

Safety awareness should be raised among the construction staff and operation staff.

Security fences and barriers around the project area should be placed to avoid

accidents/ and other interruptions by the locals.

Speed Breakers should also be constructed on the adjacent road to avoid accidents.

Workers should restrict their activities near the camp areas.




7.3.2 Impact on Health and Safety of Workers:

There could be potential impact on health and safety of the workers. This may be due to noise

and dust which may cause chest or breathing diseases among the workers.


Workers to be trained and provided facilities for check against various diseases.

Contractor should provide safety training to all site personnel.

Workers should also be provided with safety helmets, long work boots, ear muffles,

gloves, masks, first aid/ medical kit and safety glasses.

All the necessary Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be provided to

workers.

PPE should be available at prominent sites

7.4 Operation Related Impact on Physical Environment:

7.4.1 Impacts on Air & Noise:

Various pollutants can emit during the operation phase like PM, SOx, NOx, CO,

CO2 and ash.

Heavy machinery like boiler, generators and turbines can produce noise.


ESP will be used as a measure to treat air emission.

Plantation of trees around the project boundary wall, can act as a buffer zone against

noise.

Proper design and location of stack can help in mitigating some air pollution problem.

Avoid dispersion of ash in the surrounding environment by adopting proper covering

and disposal techniques.

Noise should be kept within the maximum permissible limit of 85 dB (A).

Separate rooms should be design for noisy machineries.




7.4.2 Impact on soil:

Open dumping of solid waste (ash) on land can contaminate the soil, which eventually can

cause water pollution.


Proper authorized containers should be used to store lubricants which should be

regularly monitored

There should be proper ERP (Emergency Response Plan) to prevent or minimize the

impacts of any emergency situations like spillage.

7.4.3 Impact on water resources:

Excess demand of water during operational phase may result in decline of ground

water table.

Ground water may contaminate due to untreated and open disposal of waste water


There should be a proper water utilization plan for avoiding the wastage of water to

avoid its shortage.

Tube well should be installed at proper distance i.e. due to excessive draw down of

water; ground water table may not be decreased.

Storage area should be far away from the drainage system and drainage system should

be properly designed.

Locate site for storage on impervious soils to minimize leakages entering the

groundwater.

7.5 Operation Related Impact on Biological Environment:

7.5.1 Impact on Flora:

As there are no trees and vegetation in the project area so there would be no impact on the

flora due to project activities.





Additional plantation should be carried out in the project area. Minimum 100 hundred trees

(including fruit trees) should be planted in the project area.

7.5.1 Impact on Fauna:

As there are no endangered species in the area, so there is no adverse impact on fauna.

Mitigation Measures

No mitigation measure is required

7.6 Operation Related Social Impact:

7.6.1 Impact on Public Health:

As lubricants and diesel will be used as a startup fuel so fire accidents may occur.

There will be a risk of hearing impairment to the operational staff and to the people of

surrounding areas due to noise generated from machinery.


Public/workers health and safety related warning signs should be prominently

displayed for the general public.

Operational staff should be provided with proper training and safety measures.

Noise level should be under the limit of NEQS and proper PPE (Personal Protective

Equipment) should be provided

There should be proper ERP (Emergency Response Plan) to prevent or minimize the

impacts of any emergency situations.

Ensure the availability of fire hydrants, extinguishers fire alarms, smoke detectors and

establish a no smoking policy.




7.6.2 Impact on Population:

Air emissions and noise pollution would have adverse impacts on population residing near

the project area.


Air emissions should be reduced by using best engineering practices required.

Extensive plantation should be carried out near the boundary wall.

7.7 Positive Impacts:

A census survey was carried out to identify the project impacts and a detailed inventory of

assets/ land, structures, trees/ vegetation were recorded. It was noted that:

The project does not involve any land acquisition, as the requisite land has already

been acquired and payment has also been made to the owners.

No residential/ commercial structures will be affected.

No vegetation/ tree will be affected due to the project.

Infrastructure would be developed, which would have a positive impact.

Job opportunities for local persons will also be an additional benefit of the project.




Chapter: 8

Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan

8.0 General:

This section provides a brief description for the management of environment and social

related issues of the proposed Adda Bahseen Village to Thatti Koda, NA-130 Lahore, project

which would be undertake during its construction and operation phases. In the context of

proposed mitigation measures, it is observed that IEE of the project indicates minimal

environmental impacts. Nevertheless, it is important that a management and monitoring

programme is pursued to protect and provide safeguards for healthy environment in the

project area.

The main objectives of the EMP are as follows:

Provide the details of the proposed project impacts along with the proposed mitigation

measures.

Define the responsibilities of the project proponent, contractor and other role players,

and effectively communicate environmental issues among them.

Following is an outline of a standard Environmental Management Plan (EMP), which has 4

relative components:

Environment Mitigation Program

Environment Monitoring Program

General Management Program

Cost of EMP

8.1 Environment Mitigation Program:

The mitigation plan includes measures to mitigate potential adverse project effects and

enhance its positive impacts during initial physical works and normal operations of the roads.

Most of the proposed EMP mitigation activities will be assured under provision in the




engineering design, provision in the construction contracts, engineering supervision contract

and as necessary by agreement with communities.

Table 8.1: Proposed Environmental Mitigation Program

Proposed

Scheme

Activities

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Implementing

Authority

Dismantling of

road and

handling of

waste

a) Environmental

Issues :

Dust, Noise and

vibration issues may

generate during

dismantling of road

posing minor health

issues on labours and

nearby community.

Scattered solid waste

may affect visual and

aesthetic environment

and provide breeding

place to mosquitoes

b) Social Issues :

Heaps of solid waste

may cause disturbance

in mobility

Waste will be properly disposed off

Updated and tuned machinery will be used to

control noise

Water sprinkling will be carried out at

consecutive intervals.

Dust masks and ear plugs should be provided to

the labours

Bitumen waste should be stored in closed

containers and placed in a fenced storage area

with paved floor. Should be properly disposed

off.

Scattered solid waste should be properly

managed in order to avoid contamination

Availability of bins will be ensured for

commonly generated solid waste.

Timely management of solid waste will be

ensured and contractor would be asked to take

services of LWMC for proper sanitation.

Contractor

8.2 Environment Monitoring Program:

This program is the cornerstone of all programs to be run during project implementation

process. Monitoring measures are proposed fewer than two sub-section below which must be

implemented with letter and spirit. It may be noted that monitoring process as proposed in

Table 8.2 to 8.4 is indicative because details have already been mentioned in mitigations

illustrated in Section 7 (impacts and Mitigations).

8.2.1 Pre-Construction Stage:

Some impacts of the proposed project are started even before the construction stage. They are

discussed below in Table 8




Table 8.2: Proposed Monitoring at Pre-Construction Stage:

Parameter Management Mechanism

Destruction of existing road Project area exuviated as and when required.

Traffic Diversion Traffic diversion plan as and when required

8.2.2 Construction Stage:

The proposed monitoring program during the construction stage is given in table 8.3:

Table 8.3: Monitoring Plan during Construction Stage:

Parameter Location Monitoring Mechanism Frequency

Dust Emissions

and other

windblown

materials

Near Project site Visual Checks. Sprinkling

of water on regular basis

especially during dry

climatic conditions.

Daily routine monitoring

Solid Waste Workers camps and

construction site

Waste generation, storage,

collection and disposal.

Fortnightly

Noise Levels Project site Noise level according to

WHO standards

Once prior to the start of

construction and then on

quarterly basis throughout

the construction period.

Co, fumes and

Gases

Project site Pollution parameters

including the

SO2,NO2,CO,VOC and

Particulate Matter according

to WHO standards

Monthly monitoring

Health & Safety Labour camps and

construction sites

Medical check-ups and

routine safe check-ups of

the communicable diseases

and accidents. Workers

must comply with OSHA

guidelines and wear PPE as

per HSE requirements.

Quarterly

8.2.3 Operational Stage:

At operational stage a suitable recurring arrangements shall be made.




The monitoring requirements during operational stage including the parameters, frequencies

and its sampling locations are specified in table 8.2. A monitoring plan during operational

stage is shown below.

Table 8.3: Proposed Monitoring during Operational Stage:

Parameter Location Monitoring Mechanism Frequency

Noise With project site around it Noise level according to

WHO standards

Two times

Solid waste Construction site, Camp site

Visual Observation Two times

8.3 General Management Program:

8.3.1 (a) Internal Auditing:

The internal environmental audit will be carried out by Supervision Consultant. The primary

aim of auditing is to assess compliance and effectiveness of the EMP as well as the degree of

success of the environmental and social objectives, and also to assess the effectiveness of the

corrective actions. Audit will also suggest remedial measures to overcome the environmental

and social problems.

8.3.1 (b) Reporting & Reporting Supervision:

After each inspection by Environment Unit (EU) a report shall be compiled that is location

and activity specific. This shall identify areas of contractor non-compliance with the EMP

and provide guiding remarks on actions to be taken. The significance of the non-compliance

shall also be noted. These reports shall be prepared by the EU of the Proponent. Copies of

these reports shall be sent to the Project Manager who shall forward them to the Resident

Engineer and Contractor for their action.

8.3.2 Inwardly Focused Activities:

Implementation of various environment plans is the core of inwardly focused activities,

which is described below:




8.3.2 (a) Restoration & Rehabilitation Plan:

After completion of the construction work all the disturbed sites will be changed into

conditions as they were prior to the commencement of the project or better than that. The area

will be planted with indigenous vegetation and all the access roads will be broken in the

strategic places so that it can no longer be used. All the concrete will be broken and dispose

of according to the waste disposal plan. The fence will be removed, the borrow areas leveled

and the top soil restored separately after the construction.

8.3.2 (b) Training & Capacity Building Plan:

To enhance the capacity of the Proponent / EA as well as the Contractor, training will be

imparted related to the environmental and social issues of the project, implementation of

mitigation measures and the monitoring protocols and reporting mechanism.

Project will ensure in-house training for the project staff, Contractor, and the Supervisory

staff of the Proponent / EA and the Consultants through the provision of one day basic

training and one day advanced training, covering environmental and social aspects of the

development projects in general, and implementation requirements with emphasis on the

roles and responsibilities of the Proponent / EA and the Contractor staff while executing the

environmental monitoring plan in particular.

The training protocols will include the following aspects:

Procedures for monitoring the air quality parameters and measures to be adopted for

avoiding or minimizing air pollution, particularly from the concrete batching plant,

haul-trucks, etc;

Procedures for monitoring water quality parameters and measures to be adopted for

avoiding or minimizing water pollution, particularly from the wastewater effluent

generated from the workshops, machinery washing yards and other obnoxious

chemicals;

Safe waste disposal practices;




Safe noise levels from the construction machinery etc;

Safety measures against hazards for workforce arising from the construction

activities; and

Use of safety gadgets by the workforce.

8.3.2 (c) Site Waste Management Plan:

All construction projects must have a site waste management plan (SWMP) which explains

how construction waste handled by following the law on managing waste. The project

Contractor should not start construction work until they have an approved (SWMP) in place.

It must contain a response to following questions:

What kind of waste will be produced by the site?

How to ensure the waste disposal, e.g. reuse, recycle, landfill, etc.?

How many waste carriers are required and the supply?

To address and environmental permission of the site where waste is going?

8.3.2 (d) Traffic Diversion Management Plan:

Following are the main steps of traffic diversion management plan Traffic Police should be

deployed at suitable locations.

8.3.2 (e) Public Awareness Plan:

All main roads coming towards project site should be identified for installing signboards

indicating construction activities for public knowledge. Traffic Diversion Plan should also be

broadcast through radio, TV and the print media.

8.4 Roles & Responsibilities:

Since institutional strengthening activities are necessary to facilitate implementation of EMP,

thus roles and responsibilities of various institutions are briefly described below:




8.4.1 (a)Project Proponent (Executing Agency):

The project Proponent will be responsible for ensuring the overall implementation of the

EMP during the construction as well as operational stages of the project. Proponent will

depute SC.

The Executing Agency will assume overall responsibility for ensuring:

a) The design and assessment of the physical work options in accordance with

environmental norms, regulations and requirements promulgated by Pak-EPA.

b) Overall responsibility for project implementation of the activities under the project

EMP.

Consulting design engineers will assist the executing agency by providing alternative line

designs and with the preparation of the bidding documents with specific actions taking into

account environment protection requirements. Contractor will be responsible for the

implementation of the upgrading / rehabilitation works in accordance with the environmental

requirements specified in the bidding documents.

8.4.1 (b) Supervision Consultants:

Supervision Consultants will be responsible for assisting the Proponent for the

implementation of EMP through the Contractor. SC will also submit progress reports to the

Proponent for the implementation of EMP by the Contractor.

The major role of the SC, i.e., supervising the project activities in general and the

environment related issues in particular, is as under:

Coordinating as required with regulatory agencies including EPA-Pak as well as

regional agencies;

Ensuring that the terms of references of Contractors, adequately cover the

environmental and social issues to comply with the local laws;

Ensuring that the Contractor develops and adopts environmental implementation




plans that are consistent with the EMP;

Supervising the project‟s Contractor (including HSE team) and ensuring that all the

contractual obligations related to design and construction, as well as environmental

and social compliance are met;

Ensuring that day-to-day construction activities are carried out in an environmentally

sound and sustainable manner;

Determine the timing and exact locations of air, noise and water quality monitoring;

Undertake critically important routine visual monitoring of construction, waste

disposal and overall environmental management practices by the Contractor;

Devise solutions to the environmental issues as they arise particularly related with

dust, noise levels and other impacts that are in some instances unavoidable. Good

construction supervision requires that every effort be made to minimize these impacts;

As referred earlier, ensuring the implementation of the EMP by the Contractor will be

the sole responsibility of the Proponent and Supervisory Consultant.

After commissioning of the proposed project, an operational environmental

monitoring plan will be developed and discussed with the proponent and assistance

will be given to implement it; and

Consultants will, with assistance of the Contractor, Monitor the environment by using

a Performa to be filled in by the Contractor. Performa will include summary if

parameters such as tree cutting, tree planting, liquid waste discharge quality, solid

waste collection from offices, and disposal of empty chemical containers

Social benefits must be passing on to people.

The Project Manager appointed by the Proponent, CDGL will be the Supervisory Agency and

will be responsible for the time and sound execution of works and activities in sequence

under the project.




The project Manager will include in his routine reports a summary status of activities relating

to the EMP.As necessary, supplemental reports with greater detail than the routine reports

should also be prepared

8.4.1 (c) Monitoring Agency:

Contractor will be responsible for all procedures. The Table 8.5 shows the activities &

responsible Monitoring Agency.

Table 8.5: Activities & Responsible Monitoring Agency

Sr.

#

Identified

environment

al

& Social

issues

Mitigation

Measure

Monitoring

Site

Monitoring

Frequency

Reporting

frequency Responsibility

1. Noise &

vibration

Use of

machineries &

equipments

having less

noise.

Provision for

personal

protective

equipment

(PPE‟s), ear

muffs/ear plugs

to workers.

Noise level

testing will be

carried through

EPA

***certified

Lab.

Bahseen

Village Six times

It will be

conducted

before, during

and after

completion of

civil work; in

this regards, an

environmental

compliance

report based on

checklist. Contractor

2.

Workers

health &

Safety

Personal

protective

equipment

(PPE‟s)

provided to

workers like

gloves, shoes,

masks etc.

Bahseen

Village Four time

Contractor




3. Solid Waste

Management

Proper disposal

of waste

generated by the

road

construction

activities.

Bahseen

Village Three times

Contractor

8.5.1 (d)Project Contractor:

The contractor is responsible for execution of construction activities as well as for

environmental protection through their environmental field staff. The contractor is subjected

to environmental protection liabilities under environment laws of the country, project IEE

provision and under their contract with project Proponent. The contractor is also responsible

for communicating with the crew and to train them in all aspects of the environment

management.

The contractor will also follow the following contractual obligations as per contract

agreement:

Disposal of waste construction material.

Adjustment with unstable locations appearing during construction especially the

foundation.

Location of labour lamps, material dumps / depots, equipment and machinery yards,

approach roads and routes.

Rehabilitation of construction and extraction sites.

Drainage, paths, roads, liner fixtures crossed/damaged by machinery moving to and

from the construction sites.

Earthen embankments or concrete work edge scouring on the protection bunds or on

the main sill structure.

Protection of construction work from floods.

Control on air quality by not allowing machinery to cause dust, smoke or noise




pollution.

Control on dust or other pollutants from stored materials depots or spoil heaps.

Protect the biological resources.

Public safety, Health and safety at construction site, including measures against

HIV/AID

Employment of locals in the construction work.

The contractors will also take care of the following mandatory working obligations:

The local labour must benefit the employment. This must also ensure fair wages and

living quarter and health facility.

Fire prevention to be ensured. Provision of CO2 fire extinguisher and oil fire foam fire

extinguisher will be deployed at strategic locations.

Storage of Diesel, petrol and explosive must meet the safety requirements and

thunder/lightening arresters.

Social package need to be implemented in honesty and any complaint investigated

and settled soonest.

Domestic waste will not be allowed to be directly discharged into the canal. The

liquid waste must be treated before discharge. The sewage will be sampled at the

treatment facility outlet and its BOD will be checked. This discharge must meet

EPA‟s effluent discharge standards.

8.5.1 (e) Environment Protection Agency (EPA):

EPA does not involve itself into the project matters except to award NOC for project

implementations as well as to respond on the public complaints. Its Act 1997 is the main

document which defines the environment protection standards. Every IEE/EIA is prepared by

keeping in view the guidelines in letter and spirit. Provincial EPA can independently consult

the Proponent if there are some concerns.




8.6 Environmental Management and Monitoring Cost:

At the construction phase implementation of IEE recommendation is responsibility of

Contractor and monitoring activities will be carried out by Supervisor Consultant. The

environmental monitoring cost will be the Part of contract document with Contractor. Total

Environmental cost is Rs. 1, 98,376 PKR

Proposed Schedule for Implementation

The tentative schedule for construction of the project is 0ne Year if the conditions remain

favorable.

8.7 Institutional Structure for Implementation and Operation of the Project:

The proposed Project will be administrated by CDGL during the implementation stage. The

organizational setup of CDGL for all the stages of the project (design, construction and

operation) is fully integrated with handling of environment and social issue.

8.8Estimated Environmental and Social Management Costs:

Table 8.3 provides the estimated costs for implementation of EMP. The compensation costs

are not required because it is Government land It should be noted that as referred earlier that

the project is at a preliminary stage and detailed surveys is to be carried out for the project, so

at this stage only tentative and lump sum amount has been allocated for the expected losses

and is based on the environmental and social field surveys.

The cost for implementation of mitigation measures prescribed in Environmental

Management Plan (EMP) has also been given. The mitigation measures include; water

sprinkling, provision of PPEs to workers, arrangement of first aid kits at site, waste

management etc.




The total estimated cost for the environmental and social management comes to about PKR

1,98,376. This includes the cost of land acquisition, compensation and environmental

implementation of mitigation measure. Cost estimates of mitigation and other environmental

management measures are summarized in Table

Sr.No Particulate Total Cost(Million)

1 Total Proposed Cost

Rs.25

Land

Machineries

Staffing ,auding , monitoring and Environment

Monitoring




Chapter: 9

Conclusions and Recommendations

9.0 Conclusions:

Based on the preliminary plans, environmental and social field surveys, and impacts

assessment of the proposed of Adda Bahseen Village to Thatti Koda, NA-130 Lahore. It may

be concluded that there are insignificant, short term and reversible impacts of the Project. The

major impacts of the Project are summarized as under:

All the other impacts like soil erosion, soil contamination, water contamination, air

pollution, high noise level, etc. are of temporary nature and can be controlled and

mitigated.

It is estimated that the implementation of project activities will not cause cutting of

any trees of because it is agriculture land.

No protected forest area or wildlife sanctuary or any other environmentally sensitive

site exists along the Project, which may be affected by the Project.

No indigenous people and women headed households have been identified in the

Project.

The other social issues like safety of general public and workers, security problems,

risk of communicable diseases, vector borne diseases etc. are of temporary nature.

Most of the above impacts are of temporary nature and manageable through good

engineering practices and none of these are irreversible.

A comprehensive EMP has been developed identifying the impacts, mitigation

measures, agencies responsible for implementation and monitoring of the proposed

measures. EMP also describes the environmental and social monitoring responsibilities

of EO& proponent.

The total estimated cost for the land acquisition, house compensation, environmental

and social management comes to about Rs. Rs.25 Million




In the light of the above discussions, it may be concluded that the proposed Project is

environment friendly and will cause no effects on the area‟s existing social and

environmental settings.

9.2 Recommendations:

Although comprehensive mitigation measures have been proposed in the report to minimize

the negative impacts and to enhance the positive impacts of the Project, however, major

recommended mitigation measures are summarized as under:

Soil erosion and contamination, water contamination, air pollution and high noise

levels should be controlled with the use of good engineering practices.

Contractor should develop plan such as traffic management, Solid waste management,

and material management etc. before starting the construction activities.

Fair and negotiated compensation in accordance with the prevailing market prices

should be made for loss of crops and trees during the construction activities of the

Project.

Contractor should warn the workers not to hunt the water birds, fish resources, etc.

The Contractor will have to adopt some suitable timing for the construction activities

so as to cause the least disturbance to the local community particularly women

considering their peak movement hours.

Contractor should take due care of the local community and its sensitivity towards

local customs and traditions.

EMP proposed in Chapter 8 should be implemented in the true letter and spirit.

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