Chapter 1The World of Physical Science

What is Science?» __________ is a process of gathering knowledge about

the natural world. » Can you give some examples of sciences?

Science

Life Earth and Space Physical

What is Physical Science?» Physical science is the study of _______ and ________.

˃ Matter is made up of atoms and has both a _________________. ˃ ________ is the ability to do work.

» The branches of physical science˃ __________˃ __________

Chemistry » Chemistry is the study of all forms of matter, including

____________________________ ____________» Chemistry looks at the ___________and __________ of

matter.

Physics» __________ looks at energy and how that energy affects

matter. » Motion, force, gravity, electricity, light, and heat are

parts of physics.

What are the “steps” of the Scientific Method?

» The scientific method are the ways in which scientists answer questions and solve problems.

1. 2. 3.4.5.6.7.

Steps of the Scientific Method1) Observation

˃ __________________________________˃ ______________ – color, odor, taste, etc.˃ ______________ – measurements.˃ Instruments used:

Steps of the Scientific Method2) Ask a question

3) Hypothesis˃ An explanation that is based on prior scientific research or

observations and can be tested. ˃ If – then statement.

Steps of the Scientific Method

4) Testing the Hypothesis – Experiment˃ A ______________ compares the results from a control group

with the results from the experimental groups. The groups are exactly the same except for one factor. That factor is the ____________.

˃ ______________ is the variable you change.+ Ex. Time

˃ _______________ changes in response to the independent variable.

+ Ex. Distance

Steps of the Scientific Method » 5) Collect, Record, and Analyze Data

˃ __________ is the information gathered through your experiment.

˃ All information needs to be recorded in a notebook, in a data table or other recording devices.

˃ ____________ material makes analyzing the data easier.

Steps of the Scientific Method

6) At the end of the investigation, you ________________________˃ Accept or reject ˃ Change your hypothesis and retest.

7) Communicate results˃ How can you do that?

Theory vs. Law» A _________ is an

explanation for many hypotheses and observations.

» ________________» Can predict future results.» Can not be proven 100%» Examples

˃ ˃

» A _____ is a summary of many experimental results and observations.

» Laws are ___________ and do not change.

» Examples ˃ Newton’s Laws˃ Conservation of Mass

Measurements» Length

˃

» Volume˃

» Mass˃

» Temperature˃

» Density˃

» Time˃

Prefix Symbol Factor of Base Unit

kilo-

hecto-

deka-

BASE

deci-

centi-

milli-

Metric Measurements Prefixes

Metric Conversions» K H D __ d c m

˃ 1378 millimeters = ________ dekameters

˃ 45 centimeters = ________ decimeters

˃ 4 liters = ________ hectoliters

˃ 5 kilograms = ________ grams

Scientific Notation» A way to express very small or very large numbers» Example:

˃ 12345 = 1.2345 x 104

˃ 0.00456 = 4.56 x 10-3

__________ – must be between 1 and 9

_________

____________ – the # of times the decimal was moved

(+) to the left

(-) to the right

Scientific Notation» 56934=

» 1280 =

» 0.0345 =

» 0.0000037 =

Scientific Notation» 2.347 x 10-3 =

» 8.98736 x 104 =

» 3.48763 x 10-4 =

» 5.7654 x 105 =

Reverse it!

(+) right

(-) left