Preview

• Image processing stems from two principal applications:– Improvement of pictorial information– Processing of image data for storage,

transmission and representation

Preview• Image processing stems form two principal

applications:– Improvement of pictorial information– Processing of image data for storage,

transmission and representation

• Objectives– Define the scope of the field– Give a historical perspective of the origins of

the field– Give an idea of the state of the art

1.1 What is image processing

• Def. of spatial coordinates• The intensity of the gray level• Refers to processing digital images by means of a

digital computer• Def. of picture elements, image elements, pels, pix

els• Human are limited to the visual band of electroma

gnetic (EM)• Three types of computerized processes: low-, mid-

and high-level processes

The Origins of digital image processing

• Human Perception

Chapter 1. Introduction

Preliminary skill

• Digital signal processing– Frequency domain

• Statistics• Algebra• Optimization• Calculus • Artificial intelligence• Write programs with C language or Matlab

1.3 Examples of fields that use digital image processing

• Industry

• Agriculture

• Medical diagnosis

• Material surface imaging and visualization

• Astronomy

• Remote sensing– Resource exploring

1.3.1 Gamma X-ray Imaging

• Nuclear medicine – PET ( positron emission tomography)

• Astronomical observation

1.3.2 X-ray Imaging• Digital images are obtained by

– Digitizing X-ray film– Having the X-rays that pass through the patient fa

ll directly onto devices that convert X-rays to light

• Angiography:for Contrast enhancement radiography• Computerized axial tomography • Industrial Processes: examine defects of circuit boar

ds

1.3.3 Imaging in the Ultraviolet Band

• Lithography

• Industrial inspection

• Microscopy

• Laser

• Biological imaging

• Astronomical observation