Chapter 09
-
Upload
benewberry1 -
Category
Business
-
view
687 -
download
2
Transcript of Chapter 09
![Page 1: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter Nine
General Fire Safety Provisions
![Page 2: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Learning Objectives
• Describe– NFPA 550 Fire Safety Concepts Tree
• List two strategies for fire safety from model codes
• List three objectives for each
![Page 3: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
NFPA 550 Fire Safety Concepts Tree
• Fault-tree analysis system for fire safety– Developed in 1974– Identifies fundamental strategies and lists
objectives for a safe environment
![Page 4: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
NFPA 550 Strategies
• Prevent ignition
• Manage impact
![Page 5: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Prevent Ignition
• Control heat sources– Smoking, heating appliances, electrical
hazards, open flames
• Control fuels
• Regulate materials storage and handling
• Control the interaction between the two
![Page 6: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Manage Impact
• Limit building height and area
• Provide adequate fire resistance
• Provide adequate egress systems
• Provide built-in fire protection systems
• Separate hazardous processes
• Provide adequate training
![Page 7: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Illegal Change in Use
• Occupancy classification determines– Building height and area– Structural fire resistance– Means of egress features– Built-in fire protection systems– Allowable amounts of regulated materials
![Page 8: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Illegal Change in Use
• Building height and area
• Structural fire resistance
• Means of egress features
• Built-in fire protection systems
• Allowable amounts of regulated materials
• Can all be inadequate for the new use
![Page 9: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Maintenance of Rated Assemblies
• Occupancy separations
• Means of egress components
• Exit stairs, exit passages, horizontal exits, rated corridors
• Structural protection
• Walls, partitions, floor/ceilings, roof ceilings, structural frame
![Page 10: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Maintenance of Rated Assemblies• Opening protectives
– Fire doors, fire windows, fire dampers, rated glazing, through penetration firestops
– Building shafts, atriums
![Page 11: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Maintenance of Nonrated Barriers
• Draftstopping limits fire spread in large combustible, concealed spaces– Attics and truss floors
• Fireblocking limits fire spread in small concealed spaces – Combustible wall and floor joist cavities
![Page 12: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
Decorative Material and Interior Finish
• Interior finish regulated by use group and sprinkler protection
• Decorative material– Noncombustible or flame resistant
![Page 13: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Vacant and Abandoned Structures
• Invite illegal activity and vandalism
• May be occupied by the homeless
• Codes require these structures to be secured or boarded-up
• Structures are often broken into and occupied
![Page 14: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
Outdoor Waste Accumulation
• Trash containers
• Abandoned construction materials
• Trees, brush, and vegetation
![Page 15: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Electrical Fire Safety
1. Maintenance of electrical systems
2. Limit use of temporary wiring
3. Prohibit use of hazardous appliances
4. Ensure access to electrical equipment
![Page 16: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Extension Cords
1. Grounded cords for grounded appliances
2. Ampacity must meet or exceed capacity of appliance
3. Don’t affix to walls or ceilings
4. Don’t pass through doors, walls, or under rugs
5. Only one appliance per cord
![Page 17: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Electrical Safety
• Defective equipment removed from service
• Tagged
• Notification of electrical code official
• Access to electrical equipment
• Illumination for equipment service areas
![Page 18: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Smoking
• Prohibited around– Flammable liquids– Explosives– Piers and wharves– Hazardous fire areas (UFC and IFC)
![Page 19: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Open Flames and Torches
• “Hot work” permits– Cutting and welding– Plumbers and soldering– Removing paint– Clearance to combustibles– Extinguisher or hose– Fire watcher
![Page 20: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Fire Department Access
• Posted fire lanes when any portion of the building is > 150’ from the street or as required by fire official
• 20’ in width– 13’6” vertical clearance
![Page 21: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Fire Department Access
• Signs and curb delineation
• Grade limitations per the jurisdiction
• Turnarounds
![Page 22: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Summary
• Model codes address fire safety by:– Preventing fire ignition– Limiting smoking and open flames– Regulating heating devices and
appliances– Regulating materials storage and handling
![Page 23: Chapter 09](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052505/55626a39d8b42ae87d8b53fd/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Summary
• Model codes address fire safety by:– Managing the impact of fire– Maintaining rated construction, FD access,
fire protection systems– Providing employee training and
emergency planning