Chap 2 Cell Hana

8/6/2019 Chap 2 Cell Hana

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Chapter 2 :

cell as a unit of

life


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This house is made up of many

repeating small units ofbricks

2


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Similarly, a living organism such as

plant also is made up of small units

called CELLS.

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What is our body made up

of ??? Our body is made

up of million of

cells.

These cells havedifferent shape and

sizes. Some are

long while others

are short. Cells may

be round, square or

other shapes.

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We need an instrument called amicroscope to observe cells.

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Microscope


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General structure ofan

animalcell Animal cells have

i. Protoplasm (nucleus and cytoplasm)

ii. Cell membrane

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Cell membrane

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

Protoplasm


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Lets try this !

8

P

Q

R

Cell membrane

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

S

Protoplasm


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General structure of a plant

cell

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Nucleus

Cell membrane

Cytoplasm

Cell wall

Vacuole

Chloroplast


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P:

Q:

R:

S:

T:

U:

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Discussion (ms 29)

Chloroplast

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

Vacuole

Cell membrane

Cell wall


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Nucleus Controls theactivities of the

cellCytoplasm Stores dissolved substance for

thecell

Chloroplast Makes chlorophyll for

photosynthesis

Vacuole Stores cell sap

Cell

membrane

Controls themovement of

waterand dissolved

substances inand out of the

cell

Cell wallMaintains the shape of thecell


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Ms 30

Plants and animal cells are made upofcells

Predict whether our body is made up

of cells

Yes, our body is made up of differentkinds of cells

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Conclusion (ms 30)

Application (ms 30)


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UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS

Uni = one

Made up ofonecellonly

Very tiny & can only be seen under

microscope

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Examples: Amoeba, paramecium,

chlamydomonas, yeast

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Unicellular organism


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Multicellular organism

Made up ofmore than onecell

Various in sizes

Example : Earthworm, hydra,

spirogyra,

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Practical book page 31.

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2.What do you observe about the

size and shape of themicroorganisms you see under the

microscope?

The microorganisms are of different

sizes and shapes

3. Examples:

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Unicellular

microorganism

Multicellular

microorganism

Amoeba Hydra

Euglena Spirogyra


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Microorganisms can be observedunder the microscope

Some microorganisms are unicellular

and some are multicellular

Bacteria: cause decay anddecompose organic matter

Viruses: Used in making some

vaccines 22

Conclusion (ms 32)

Application (ms 32)


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Practical book page 33

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Organisation of Cells in

the Human Body

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All organisms including humanbeings are built from basic unit called

cells

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CELLS NAME FUNCTIONS

1.

Muscle cells They cause thebones tomove by contracting.


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2.

Whiteblood cells Kill foreignbodies

such as bacteriaintheblood

3.

Red blood cellsThey transport

oxygenin theblood

4.

Epithelial cells They transportoxygenin theblood

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5.

Nervecell Carries information

from one part ofbody to another

6.

SpermIt fuses with an

ovum (egg cell) to

formababy


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Lets name the cells !

1.

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Muscle cell

White blood cell

Nerve cell


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29

Red blood cell

Epithelial cell

Sperm


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Theroof of this houseis madeup ofsimilarblue pieces ofroof.

They perform thesame function.

What is the function of theroof?30


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Tissues

A tissue is a group of similar cellsperforming the same function.

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Group of

similar cells Tissue

form


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Examples of tissues

Tissues Function

1.

2.

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Epithelialtissue

Muscle

tissue

Contracts and relaxesto enablemovements

ofbody

To protect the tissuesbeneath it


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Tissues Function

3.

4.

Nerve

tissue

Connective

tissue

Carry massages from

one part of thebody

to another

To connect and join other

tissues to organs andbones


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Lets name the tissue!

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Epithelialtissue

Muscletissue

Nerve

tissue

Connective

tissue

Connectivetissue

P Q

R S

Epithelialtissue

Muscle tissue Nerve tissue


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Organs

An organ is made up ofdifferent

tissues which carry out a specific

function.

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For example,

Heart is an organ formed ofmuscle

tissues and connective tissues that

co-operate to carry out the function of

blood circulation to the entire body

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EXAMPLES OF HUMAN ORGANS

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Stomach

Brain LungsKidney

Heart

TongueEye


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Main organs in the body

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8

5

7

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10

12

Stomach

Brain

Lung

Kidney

Heart

Tongue

Eye

EarNose

Liver

Large

IntestineSmall

IntestineTestisBladder

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The Functions of Main Organs in the Body

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5

7

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BrainEye

EarNose

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To receivelight

forseeing

To detect soundTo detect smell

To control

activities of the

body


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6

8

5

7

9

1113

10

12

Stomach

Brain

Lung

Kidney

Heart

Tongue

Eye

EarNose

Liver

Large

Intestine

Small


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To pump blood

in thebody

To absorb

oxygenand give

out carbondioxide

To break

down waste

substances

To detect

taste


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6

8

5

7

9

1113

10

12

Stomach

Brain

Lung

Kidney

Heart

Tongue

Eye

EarNose

Liver

Large

Intestine

Small


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To get rid of

waste product To hold anddigest food

To producesperm

To absorb

water

To storeurine

To digest food


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Chap 2 Cell Hana

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