Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has...
-
Upload
truongkhue -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
3
Transcript of Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has...
![Page 1: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chap 4 Bell -Ringers
![Page 2: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The
Structure
of the Atom
The Atom has a
Structure
![Page 3: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Chapter 1The Science of Chemistry
What we’ve seen so far…
- Chemistry is about discovering
and understanding natural laws
using the scientific method
- Energy cannot be created nor
destroyed
![Page 4: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
- Matter can be mixtures or
substances. The smallest unit of a
pure substance is an element.
- Each element is a type of atom,
and they can be arranged in a
periodic table.
- Atoms come together to form
compounds. Atoms with an electric
charge are known as ions.
Chapter 1The Science of Chemistry
Chapter 2Matter and Atoms
What we’ve seen so far…
![Page 5: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
- Temperature is a measure of
kinetic energy.
- Heat is thermal energy.
- Heat gain and heat loss can cause
phase changes, as molecules are
rearranged.
Chapter 1The Science of Chemistry
Chapter 2Matter and Atoms
Chapter 3
Temperature, Energy, and Heat
What we’ve seen so far…
![Page 6: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
- In a physical change molecules
are rearranged. In a chemical
change atoms are rearranged to
make new substances.
- Chemical reactions can be
endothermic or exothermic.
- Many reactions occur in aqueous
solution, and some elements are
more reactive than others.
Chapter 1The Science of Chemistry
Chapter 2Matter and Atoms
Temperature, Energy, and Heat
Physical and Chemical Change
What we’ve seen so far…
![Page 7: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Chapter 1The Science of Chemistry
Chapter 2Matter and Atoms
Temperature, Energy, and Heat
Physical and Chemical Change
How can we explain the
properties and behaviors
observed so far?
![Page 8: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Chapter 1The Science of Chemistry
Chapter 2Matter and Atoms
Chapter 3Temperature, Energy, and Heat
Physical and Chemical Change
How can we explain the
properties and behaviors
observed so far?
Answers can
be found inside
the atom
![Page 9: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
92 different types of atoms!
![Page 10: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Each of the elements is a unique type of atom.
Atoms are made from smaller particles!
electrons
protons
neutrons
![Page 11: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
How did scientists come up with this?
Atoms are made from smaller particles!
electrons
protons
neutrons
![Page 12: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
It started a long time ago…
Today460 – 370 BC
Democritus
Beginning of Atomism
You cannot divide something in half forever.
The smallest piece of matter is called an atom.
![Page 13: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
How do you find out about
something you can’t see?
Think of the conservation of mass labs,
distilled wood, even flame test lab
Think of experimentation of the
Copper, HCl and Zinc lab
Think of the Rutherford
marble tossing lab
![Page 14: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Bellringer
When scientists wanted to find out what an
atom was, they were not able to look directly
at what the atom was made of. They had to
make inferences from the results of many
different experiments. It was like trying to
describe a picture, such as the one on the
next slide, with only small portions visible.
![Page 15: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Bellringer, continued
1. Write four sentences describing what you can see of the above picture.
2. What information or parts of the picture would make your descriptions more accurate without revealing the entire picture?
![Page 16: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Scientists contributing
DALTON
BOHR
CHADWICK THOMSON
de BROGLIE
RUTHERFORD
![Page 17: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Today1808
Democritus
Atomism
460 – 370 BC
Dalton’s Postulates
1. All elements are made of tiny indivisible
particles called atoms.
Over 2,000 years later
John Dalton comes up
with the first “modern”
atomic theory.
![Page 18: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Today1808
Democritus
Atomism
460 – 370 BC
Dalton’s Postulates
1. All elements are made of tiny indivisible
particles called atoms.
2. All atoms of the same element are the
same, but different from atoms of every
other element.Over 2,000 years later
John Dalton comes up
with the first “modern”
atomic theory.
![Page 19: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Today1808
Democritus
Atomism
460 – 370 BC
Dalton’s Postulates
1. All elements are made of tiny indivisible
particles called atoms.
2. All atoms of the same element are the
same, but different from atoms of every
other element.
3. Chemical reactions rearrange atoms but
do not create, destroy, or convert atoms
from one element to another.
Over 2,000 years later
John Dalton comes up
with the first “modern”
atomic theory.
![Page 20: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Today1808
Democritus
Atomism
460 – 370 BC
Dalton’s Postulates
4. Compounds are made from combining
atoms in simple whole number ratios.
1. All elements are made of tiny indivisible
particles called atoms.
2. All atoms of the same element are the
same, but different from atoms of every
other element.
3. Chemical reactions rearrange atoms but
do not create, destroy, or convert atoms
from one element to another.
Over 2,000 years later
John Dalton comes up
with the first “modern”
atomic theory.
![Page 21: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Another kind of light?
Today1808 1870
Democritus
Atomism
460 – 370 BC
Dalton
“Modern”
atomic theory
William Crookes invents a tube in
which virtually all the gas has been
removed.
Under high voltage, a ray was emitted
from the cathode end of the tube.
![Page 22: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
It started a long time ago…
Today1808 1870 1897
Democritus
Atomism
460 – 370 BC
Dalton
“Modern”
atomic theory
Crookes
Cathode rays
Cathode rays
must be negative.
J.J. Thomson
discovers the
electron
![Page 23: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Today1808 1870 1897 1910
Democritus
Atomism
460 – 370 BC
Dalton
“Modern”
atomic theory
Crookes
Cathode raysThomson
Discovery
of the electronErnest Rutherford
discovers the
nucleus
It started a long time ago…
![Page 24: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The size of the
atom comes
mostly from the
space occupied by
the electrons
The mass of the
atom comes mostly
from the nucleus
Size and mass
![Page 25: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Charges in the atom
electronsprotons
neutrons
![Page 26: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
A complete
atom has a
charge of zero
Charges in the atom
![Page 27: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Charges in the atom
![Page 28: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
electronsprotons
neutrons
What happens when you change the number of protons?
![Page 29: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
You obtain a different element!
6 protons in
carbon
7 protons in
nitrogen8 protons in
oxygen
The number of protons is also called
the atomic number for that element.
![Page 30: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
The electron cloud
Except for mass, virtually every property of atoms is
determined by electrons, including size and chemical bonding
Electrons are very light and fast.
They are not organized along orbits around the nucleus.
![Page 31: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
electronsprotons
neutrons
What happens when you change the number of neutrons?
![Page 32: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Atomic number
Neutrons act as “glue.”
They hold protons together in the nucleus.
![Page 33: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
mass number: total number of protons and neutrons in a
nucleus.
Mass number = 6 p + 6 n = 1212C
“carbon-12”
![Page 34: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Mass
number
Name
# protons
# neutrons
![Page 35: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Mass
number
Name Carbon-12 Carbon-13 Carbon-14
# protons
# neutrons
![Page 36: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Mass
number 12 13 14
Name Carbon-12 Carbon-13 Carbon-14
# protons
# neutrons
![Page 37: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Mass
number 12 13 14
Name Carbon-12 Carbon-13 Carbon-14
# protons 6 6 6
# neutrons
![Page 38: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Mass
number 12 13 14
Name Carbon-12 Carbon-13 Carbon-14
# protons 6 6 6
# neutrons 6 7 8
![Page 39: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
isotopes: atoms or elements that have the same number
of protons in the nucleus but different number of neutrons.
![Page 40: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Two lithium isotopes in nature
Atomic mass
How can lithium
have 0.941
neutrons?
![Page 41: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Number of neutrons for each of 100 lithium atoms randomly
sampled from nature
It’s an AVERAGE mass!
![Page 42: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Isotope periodic table (first 4 rows)
![Page 43: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
There must be a
force that keeps the
nucleus together
Forces in the atom
![Page 44: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
In the nucleus Electrons
Electrons repel each other, but don’t
“fall into” the nucleus because they are
in constant motion.
Electrons form bonds between atoms.
Forces in the atom
The strong nuclear force attracts
protons to protons, neutrons to
neutrons, and protons to protons
![Page 45: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Today1808 1870 1897 1910460 – 370 BC
Dalton
“Modern”
atomic theory
Crookes
Cathode raysThomson
Discovery
of the electron
Rutherford
Discovery
of the nucleus
Democritus
Atomism
electronsprotons
neutrons
The size of the atom comes
mostly from the electrons
The mass of the atom comes
mostly from the nucleus
![Page 46: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Who coined the term atom
in 4 BC?
Dal
ton
Dem
ocritu
s
Ruth
erfo
rd
Bohr
Thom
son
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Dalton
2. Democritus
3. Rutherford
4. Bohr
5. Thomson
![Page 47: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Who stated that elements are
made of indivisible spheres called
atoms?
Dal
ton
Chad
wic
k
Ruth
erfo
rd
Bohr
Thom
son
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Dalton
2. Chadwick
3. Rutherford
4. Bohr
5. Thomson
![Page 48: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Who discovered the atom was
divisible and had subatomic parts?
Dal
ton
Chad
wic
k
Ruth
erfo
rd
Bohr
Thom
son
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Dalton
2. Chadwick
3. Rutherford
4. Bohr
5. Thomson
![Page 49: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Who discovered the electron?
Dal
ton
Chad
wic
k
Ruth
erfo
rd
Bohr
Thom
son
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Dalton
2. Chadwick
3. Rutherford
4. Bohr
5. Thomson
![Page 50: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Who discovered that atoms are
mostly empty space?
Dal
ton
Chad
wic
k
Ruth
erfo
rd
Bohr
Thom
son
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Dalton
2. Chadwick
3. Rutherford
4. Bohr
5. Thomson
![Page 51: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Who discovered the nucleus?
Dal
ton
Chad
wic
k
Ruth
erfo
rd
Bohr
Thom
son
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Dalton
2. Chadwick
3. Rutherford
4. Bohr
5. Thomson
![Page 52: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Who discovered the proton in the
nucleus?
Dal
ton
Chad
wic
k
Ruth
erfo
rd
Bohr
Thom
son
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Dalton
2. Chadwick
3. Rutherford
4. Bohr
5. Thomson
![Page 53: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Who stated that electrons are
located in fixed energy levels?
Dal
ton
Chad
wic
k
Ruth
erfo
rd
Bohr
Thom
son
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Dalton
2. Chadwick
3. Rutherford
4. Bohr
5. Thomson
![Page 54: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Who discovered the neutron?
Dal
ton
Chad
wic
k
Ruth
erfo
rd
Bohr
Thom
son
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Dalton
2. Chadwick
3. Rutherford
4. Bohr
5. Thomson
![Page 55: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Center of a atom, contains most
of the atom’s mass
Pro
ton
Neu
tron
Ele
ctro
n
Nucl
eus
Ener
gy le
vels
Mas
s num
ber
Ele
ctro
mag
neti.
..
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. Proton
2. Neutron
3. Electron
4. Nucleus
5. Energy levels
6. Mass number
7. Electromagnetic
force
![Page 56: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Positively charged particle that
exists in the nucleus
of an atom.
Pro
ton
Neu
tron
Ele
ctro
n
Nucl
eus
Ener
gy le
vels
Mas
s num
ber
Eel
ctro
mag
neti.
..
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. Proton
2. Neutron
3. Electron
4. Nucleus
5. Energy levels
6. Mass number
7. Eelctromagnetic
force
![Page 57: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Particle with no charge that
exists in the nucleus of an atom
Pro
ton
Neu
tron
Ele
ctro
n
Nucl
eus
Ener
gy le
vels
Mas
s num
ber
Ele
ctro
mag
neti.
..
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. Proton
2. Neutron
3. Electron
4. Nucleus
5. Energy levels
6. Mass number
7. Electromagnetic
force
![Page 58: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
The least massive of the three
subatomic particles which also
carries an negative net charge.
Pro
ton
Neu
tron
Ele
ctro
n
Nucl
eus
Ener
gy le
vels
Mas
s num
ber
Ele
ctro
mag
neti.
..
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. Proton
2. Neutron
3. Electron
4. Nucleus
5. Energy levels
6. Mass number
7. Electromagnetic
force
![Page 59: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Describes how electrons are
arranged around an atom
Pro
ton
Neu
tron
Ele
ctro
n
Nucl
eus
Ener
gy le
vels
Mas
s num
ber
Ele
ctro
mag
neti.
..
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. Proton
2. Neutron
3. Electron
4. Nucleus
5. Energy levels
6. Mass number
7. Electromagnetic
force
![Page 60: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
The force that holds the
positively charged nucleus
together is called
Pro
ton
Neu
tron
Ele
ctro
n
Nucl
eus
Energ
y le
vels
Mass
num
ber
Ele
ctro
magne
tic fo
rce
Strong n
uclea
r fo
rce
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%0%
1. Proton
2. Neutron
3. Electron
4. Nucleus
5. Energy levels
6. Mass number
7. Electromagnetic
force
8. Strong nuclear force
![Page 61: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
The force that holds the atom
together is called
Pro
ton
Neu
tron
Ele
ctro
n
Nucl
eus
Energ
y le
vels
Mass
num
ber
Ele
ctro
magne
tic fo
rce
Strong n
uclea
r fo
rce
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%0%
1. Proton
2. Neutron
3. Electron
4. Nucleus
5. Energy levels
6. Mass number
7. Electromagnetic
force
8. Strong nuclear force
![Page 62: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
The total number of protons and
neutrons in the nucleus of an
atom
Pro
ton
Neu
tron
Ele
ctro
n
Nucl
eus
Ener
gy le
vels
Mas
s num
ber
Ele
ctro
mag
neti.
..
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. Proton
2. Neutron
3. Electron
4. Nucleus
5. Energy levels
6. Mass number
7. Electromagnetic
force
![Page 63: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
C-12
How many
protons?
How many
electrons?
How many
neutrons?
Draw a atomic
model for this
element?
![Page 64: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
14
6
How many
protons?
How many
electrons?
How many
neutrons?
Draw a atomic
model for this
element?
![Page 65: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
7
3
How many
protons?
How many
electrons?
How many
neutrons?
Draw a atomic
model for this
element?
![Page 66: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
14How many
protons?
How many
electrons?
How many
neutrons?
Draw a atomic
model for this
element?
![Page 67: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Na-23How many
protons?
How many
electrons?
How many
neutrons?
Draw a atomic
model for this
element?
![Page 68: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
238How many
protons?
How many
neutrons?
![Page 69: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Be-9
atomic number?
1 2 3 4 5 6 11
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 11
![Page 70: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Be-9
number of protons?
1 2 3 4 5 6 11
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 11
![Page 71: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Be-9
number of electrons?
1 2 3 4 5 6 11
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 11
![Page 72: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Be-9
number of neutrons?
1 2 3 4 5 6 11
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 11
![Page 73: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Be-9
number of energy levels?
1 2 3 4 5 6 11
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 11
![Page 74: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
14Si
valence electrons?
1 2 3 4 5 6 11
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 11
![Page 75: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
7N
valence electrons?
1 2 3 4 5 6 11
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 11
![Page 76: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Be-9
number of electrons in the first
energy level?
1 2 3 4 5 6 11
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 11
![Page 77: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
17Cl
number of electrons in the first
energy level?
1 2 3 4 5 6 11
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 11
![Page 78: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Complete the energy levels …
• # of Protons?
• # electrons?
• # e’ in 1st orbital?
• # e; in 2nd orbital?
• # of valence e’ ?
NITROGEN
![Page 79: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
1. Who discovered the electron?
2. Electrons in the outer energy are
called?
3. The columns in the periodic table
are called
![Page 80: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
• NEED YOUR PERIODIC TABLE
FOR THIS ONE
Find SULFUR (atomic # 16)
• How many valence electrons
does it have?
• Which orbital is being filled?
![Page 81: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
1. Element or compound??
Hydrochloric acid HCl
2. What element is most closely
related to Bromine?
3. What does the group # tell us?
![Page 82: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
• 1. Who did the gold-foil experiment?
• 2. Who stated that elements are made
of atoms?
• 3. What does the period # tell us?
• 4. Who created the term “atomos”?
![Page 83: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
A
B
C
Which orbital is represented by :
A? B? C?s d p
Which 2 orbitals are we most concerned with
because of valence electrons? s and p
![Page 84: Chap 18 Bell -Ringers - Mayfield City Schools 4 check with... · Structure of the Atom The Atom has a ... 460 –370 BC Dalton’s Postulates 4. Compounds are made from combining](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030507/5ab63d007f8b9a6e1c8d87ac/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
A
B
C
Which are the metals?
Nonmetals?
A
B