Chap-1 (Defin Ob)

8/2/2019 Chap-1 (Defin Ob)

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What is Organizational

Behavior?


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Definitions:

Managers:

Individuals who achieve goals through otherpeople.

Organization:A consciously coordinated social unit,composed of two or more people, thatfunctions on a relatively continuous basis to

achieve a common goal or a set of goals.


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Management functions:

Planning:

Includes defining goals, establishing strategyand developing plans to coordinate activities.

Organizing:Determining what tasks are to be done, whois to do them, how the tasks are to begrouped, who reports to whom, and where

decisions are to be made.


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Leading:

Includes motivating employees, directingothers, selecting the most effective

communication channels and resolvingconflicts,

Controlling:

Monitoring activities to ensure they are being

accomplished as planned and correcting anysignificant deviations.


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Management Roles:

Interpersonal Roles: (figurehead, leadership,

liaison)

Information Roles: (monitor, disseminator,

spokesperson) Decisional Roles: (entrepreneur, disturbance

handler, resource allocator, negotiator)


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Management Skills:

Technical Skills:

The ability to apply specialized knowledge orexpertise.

Human Skills:The ability to work with, understand, andmotivate other people, both individually and ingroups.

Conceptual Skills:The mental ability to analyze and diagnosecomplex situations.


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Effective vs. Successful Managers:

Managerial activities:

Traditional Management

Communication

Human Resource Management

Networking


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Allocation of Activities by Time:

Traditional mgt. Communication

HRM Networking

Effective managers Average managers Successful managers

44%

26%

11%19%

29%

20%

19% 32%

48% 28%

11%

13%


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Organizational Behavior (OB):

A field of study that investigates the impactthat individuals, groups and structure have onbehavior within organizations, for the purposeof applying such knowledge toward improvingan organizations effectiveness. OB includesthe core topics of motivation, leader behaviorand power, interpersonal communication,group structure and processes, learning,

attitude development and perception, changeprocesses, conflict, work design and workstress.


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Predicting behavior:

Systematic study:

Looking at relationships, attempting to

attribute causes and effects, and drawing

conclusions based on scientific evidence. Intuition:

A feeling not necessarily supported by

research.


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Contributing Disciplines

to the OB Field: Psychology:

The science that seeks to measure, explainand sometimes change the behavior ofhumans and other animals.

Sociology:The study of people in relation to their fellowhuman beings.

Social Psychology:

An area within psychology that blendsconcepts from psychology and sociology andthat focuses on the influence of people onone another.


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Anthropology:

The study of societies to learn about human

beings and their activities.

Political science:

The study of the behavior of individuals and

groups within a political environment.


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Challenges and Opportunities

for OB:

Responding to Globalization Increased foreign assignments Working with people from different cultures

Coping with anticapitalism backlash Movement of jobs to countries with low-

cost labor Managing people during the war on terror

Managing workforce Diversity Changing demographics


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Improving quality & productivity

Improving customer service

Improving people skills

Stimulating innovation and change Coping with temporariness

Working in networked organizations

Helping employees balance work-life conflicts Creating a positive work environment

Improving ethical behavior


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Developing an OB model:

Basic OB model, stage 1

Organization

Systems level

Group level

Individual level


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Primary dependent variables in OB:

Productivity:

A performance measure including

effectiveness and efficiency. Effectivenessis achievement of goals and the efficiency is

the ratio of effective output to the input

required to achieve it.

Absenteeism:

Failure to report to work.


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Turnover:

Voluntary and involuntary permanent

withdrawal from the organization.

Deviant workplace behavior:

Voluntary behavior that violates significant

organizational norms and in so doing

threatens the well-being of the organization orits members.


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Organizational citizenship Behavior (OCB):

Discretionary behavior that is not part of anemployees formal job requirements but that

nevertheless promotes the effectivefunctioning of the organization.

Job satisfaction:

A general attitude toward ones job; the

difference between the amount of rewardsworkers receive and the amount they believethey should receive.


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The independent variables:

Individual-level variables; such as biographical

characteristics, ability, values, attitudes,

personality, emotions, perception, learning andmotivation.

Group-level variables; such as group structure,

work teams, communication, group decision

making, leadership & trust, power & politics andconflict.


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Organization systems level variables; such as

design of the formal organization, work

processes and jobs, human resource policiesand practices and the organizations culture.


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Chap-1 (Defin Ob)

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