Changing the Paradigm of Air Pollution Monitoring ...
Transcript of Changing the Paradigm of Air Pollution Monitoring ...
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Changing the Paradigm of Air Pollution Changing the Paradigm of Air Pollution
Monitoring….Opportunities and Monitoring….Opportunities and
ChallengesChallengesChallengesChallenges
Presented by David Shelow (EPA OAQPS)
Emily Snyder, Tim Watkins, Eben Thoma, Gayle Hagler, Ron Williams – EPA ORD, and variety of
other contributors.
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Technology advances are supporting a shift toward new ways
of measuring and communicating air quality information
A technology shift is under way……..
• Smartphone / tablet generation
• Miniaturization of sensors
e.g., fitbit activity tracker
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• Miniaturization of sensors
• Crowd-funding supporting DIY innovation
• Lower-cost components e.g., Arduino microprocessor
e.g., Kickstarter
• Easy to use
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And a cultural shift is under way
Where we are today: government-
provided data, AQI on broad time and
spatial scales
Public demand for more personalized
information – what about my exposure,
my neighborhood, my child??
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Imagine a different air monitoring Imagine a different air monitoring
landscape…landscape…The intersection of industry and
communities…Monitoring can:
• Increase emissions understanding
• Improve worker safety
• Reduced product loss
• Benefit local air quality
• Provide transparency
Neighborhood next to industry…….
• Provide transparency
• Improve public relations
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Where is the leak?
The key is finding and fixing the big leaks quickly
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Open-path fenceline systems to detect
emissions and direct quick response
LDAR
Open-path
optical systemsWind
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Open-path instruments
0.2 0.5 2 5 10 (µm)0.2 0.5 2 5 10 (µm)
UV DOAS FTIRTDL FLIR
UV Diff. Optical
Absorption
Spectroscopy
Tunable Diode
Laser (scanning)
Forward-Looking
InfraRed
(leak imaging)
Fourier Transform
InfraRed (scanning)
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Seeing invisible VOC leaks with infrared video FLIR Camera
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Periodic mobile inspection to look for
emissions and provide transparency.
(Think of automated systems in facility
vehicles)
Mobile Inspection
systemsWind
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Off-site assessment with GMAP-REQ(Geospatial Measurement of Air Pollution – Remote Emissions Quantification)
wind direction
driving path Spike in CH4 indicates emission
CH4
• Position vehicle in the plume
• Acquire methane (CH4 ), H2S and
wind data for 20 minutes
• Pull a canister sample for volatile
organic compound (VOC)
informationMobile
Inspection
systems
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Emerging low cost sensors provide a variety of
new solutions for 24-7 coverage
Fenceline with passive and active sensors
In-plant sensor networks
WindLow cost Sensor
Networks
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Low cost sensors can provide industry 24-7
observation
Facility fenceline monitoring
Passive SamplingLow-cost
sensorssensors
• Open path
• Fixed monitors
Low cost
Sensor
Networks12
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Emerging low cost sensors provide a variety of
new solutions for 24-7 coverage
Fenceline with passive and active sensors
In-plant sensor networks
Community monitoring lower cost systems
WindLow cost Sensor
Networks
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Fixed location sensors examples Fixed location sensors examples
Aqmesh.com: AQ
electrochemical
sensors
Prototype PID sensor package
(pres. temp. , RH., VOC)
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Fixed location sensors examples Fixed location sensors examples
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Fixed Sensor SpecificationsFixed Sensor Specifications
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Village Green Project designVillage Green Project design
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Let’s take it another step forward…citizen Let’s take it another step forward…citizen
monitoring/monitoring/crowdsourcingcrowdsourcing
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Michael Heimbinder, Habitat Map, Brooklyn NY
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Michael Heimbinder, Habitat Map, Brooklyn NY
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Michael Heimbinder,
Habitat Map, Brooklyn NY
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MM--Pod ComponentsPod ComponentsMike Hannigan – Univ. of Colorado
Sensor Gas Measured Technology
e2v, MICS-2614 Ozone Metal Oxide SemiconductorELT, S100 Carbon Dioxide Non-Dispersive Infrared
e2v, MICS-5526 Carbon Monoxide, and VOC Metal Oxide Semiconductor
e2v, MICS-4514Carbon Monoxide, VOC, and Nitrogen
DioxideMetal Oxide Semiconductor
Sensirion, SHT21 Temperature, and HumidityDigital Humidity and Temperature Sensors
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How big is it?How big is it?
Some Specs:Lifetime on a charge = 10 – 18 hrsCost to construct = $350
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Wearable MonitorsWearable Monitors
Wear Air (CMU):
VOC sensor
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Let’s take it Let’s take it eveneven further…personal monitoring further…personal monitoring
What if we can monitor our health response to air
pollution……..
Advanced Self-Powered Systems of
Integrated Sensors and TechnologiesVeena Misra
Integrated Sensors and TechnologiesVeena Misra
North Carolina State University
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Health response
Courtesy of Veena Misra
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Exposure tracking
Integrated Sensor Suite
Environment
SensorsAir Pollution
Health
SensorsHeart and Lung
Application Body Environment
Asthma EKG,EEG,
EMG,
wheezing,
Pulse Ox,
Skin- cond,
cortisol
NO2, CO,
Ozone,
VOCs,
Heart
Disease
Particulates
Noise
Heat Stress
Long-term monitoring of selected
environmental and health parameters
Impact:
� Exposure Sciences
� Chronic Disease
� Health care costs and policy
cortisol Heat Stress
Light Stress
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Courtesy of Veena Misra
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Other wearable devices…..Other wearable devices…..
Conscious Clothing –
measuring breathing
rates/volume and heart rates
Winner of My
Health/My Air
contest
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ChallengesChallenges
• Data Quality
• Sensors for Air Toxics vs Criteria Pollutants
• Levels of detection
– Fenceline vs Ambient concentrations– Fenceline vs Ambient concentrations
• Large data sets
• Health Messaging – what does the data mean?
• Acute Rfc (Inhalation Reference [ ]) values
– Chronic vs Acute
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How can we, EPA, help?How can we, EPA, help?
• EPA Hosted NGAM Workshops
• Work with sensor manufacturers
• Community Tool box
– Acute Rfc values communication– Acute Rfc values communication
• Sensor Evaluation studies
– Chamber studies
– Pilot studies with FRM/FEM’s
• Information Clearinghouse websites
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In SummaryIn Summary
• Supplement regulatory monitoring programs
• Empower communities
• Enhance source compliance monitoring
• Personal exposures and response monitoring• Personal exposures and response monitoring
• A cultural and technological shift is coming
and we need to help guide it to become the
next generation air monitoring.
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DisclaimerDisclaimer
• The contents do not reflect the views or
policies of the Agency. The engineering and
equipment descriptions contained here are
illustrative and mention of trade names or illustrative and mention of trade names or
commercial products do not constitute
endorsement or recommendation for use.
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WebsitesWebsites
• http://www.epa.gov/research/airscience/next
-generation-air-measuring.htm
• http://www.citizenair.net
• http://communitysensing.org• http://communitysensing.org
• http://aircasting.org
• http://citizensensor.cc