Challenges in the Seafood Industry - norocore.ncsu.edu · Challenges in the Seafood Industry ......
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Challenges in the Seafood Industry
NoroCORE Conference November 7-8, 2012
Otto (Chip) Simmons, Ph.D. North Carolina State University
Barbara Blakistone, Ph.D. National Fisheries Institute
Top Five Pathogens Contributing to
Domestically Acquired Foodborne Illnesses
in ALL Food – 2011 Report
http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/2011-foodborne-estimates.html
Attribution of Enteric Virus Foodborne Outbreaks of Confirmed Etiology, by Product Category:
1996 - 2006
Food Commodity Produce Seafood Complex Other TOTAL
Total # Outbreaks (% Total)
205 (32%)
61 (10%)
311 (48%)
66 (10%)
643 (100%)
Total # Cases
(% Total)
9,383 (35%)
2,727 (10%)
12, 815 (47%)
2,224 (8%)
27,149 (100%)
Comments 151/205 (74%)*F+V salads 29/61 (48%) shellfish 91/311 (29%) main dishes,
sides 84/311 (27%) sandwiches 49/311 (16% desserts various -----
Total # Cases
(% Total)
1,454 (86%)
57 (3%)
143 (9%)
37 (2%)
1,691 (100%)
Total # Outbreaks (% Total)
18 (55%)
4 (12%)
8 (24%)
3 (9%)
33 (100%)
Comments 3/18 (17%)* berries 6/18 (33%)* onions 7/18 (39%) mixed 1/4 (25%)* shellfish various Water, ice cream -----
Human NoV HAV
Source: eFORS, 1996-2006
Focus on Prevention: Determining
Specific Sources of Contamination? • Common sources of human fecal
contamination to shellfish growing waters o Untreated sewage overflow due to catastrophic
events (flooding, hurricanes) o Septic tank leakage o Illegal boat discharges
• Which are most important for targeted intervention? o Recreational boat discharges? o Commercial shell-fishermen without policies on
working while sick?
National Fisheries Institute McLean, VA
• Largest U.S. seafood advocacy coalition • Over 250 industry members including:
importers, brokers, processors, national restaurant chains
• Promote sound public policy based on science • Work with federal agencies and other trade
associations for favorable treatment of the food industry
Vibrio, an etiology unique to seafood
U.S. Seafood
Import Species, 2011
31%
12%
9% 8%
7%
6%
6%
5%
2% 2% 2%
2% 1% 1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1% 1% 1%
1%
1%
Shrimp
Salmon
Tuna and Bonito
Crab
Fish, NESOI
Lobster
Other
Tilapia
Cod
Pangasius
Squid CuHlefish
Scallops
Pollock
Toothfish
Haddock
Mahi Mahi
Soles, Flounder, FlaNish
Molluscs
Sardines
Mussels
Pike, Pickerel, Perch
Halibut & Grlnd Turbot
Snapper
Sources of U.S. Seafood
Imports, 2011
China 16%
Thailand 15%
Canada 15%
Indonesia 7%
Vietnam 6%
Chile 6%
Ecuador 5%
India 4%
Mexico 3%
EU 27 3%
Norway 2%
Philippines 2%
Russia 2%
Japan 2%
Malaysia 1%
Honduras 1%
Peru 1%
Taiwan 1%
New Zealand 1%
Faroe Islands 1%
Korea 1%
Argen@na 1%
Iceland 1% Other 7%
23 Countries each supply over $100 Million in seafood products
Total Imports: $17.35 Billion
FDA Bans Korean Molluscan Shellfish
• Announced in May 2012 • Oysters, clams, mussels, and scallops (fresh, frozen,
and processed) removed from Interstate Certified Shellfish Shippers List.
• Sanitation Program out of compliance with National Shellfish Sanitation Program.
• Why? o Discharge of human fecal waste from nearby fish farms and commercial fishing
and aquaculture vessels. o NOROVIRUS detected in growing areas.
CHALLENGE #1 • Why can’t the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration resolve this problem with a foreign government?
Challenges with Suppliers • Language barrier • Cultural differences • Regulatory differences • Best Approach:
ü Sharing of knowledge thru training ü Compliance with world standards in
plants which export
Challenges with Suppliers
• Can FDA help? • Dec. 18, 2012 marks 15 years with
Seafood HACCP! • HACCP begins with GMPs • Other strategies?
Proposed New Continuing Education
Requirements from the ISSC
• Certified Shellfish Dealers o Dealers shall complete 3 hours annually of continuing
education hours to maintain certification
• Licensed Shellfish Harvesters o Harvest license only valid for one year o harvester to complete 3 hours annually of continuing
education hours to attain a harvester license o Require the harvester to sell only to dealers listed on the
Interstate Certified Shellfish Shippers List
Challenges That Impact NoroCORE
• How to reach the front line o NFI members are not the front line o Language barrier o Cultural differences
• A serendipitous opportunity thru the Maryland Watermen’s Association and the East Coast Commercial Fishermen’s and Aquaculture Trade Expo