Ch6 Deviance and Social Control (Bb)

7/27/2019 Ch6 Deviance and Social Control (Bb)

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Todays Objectives

Discuss the Opening

Discuss what is Deviance?

Compare Perspectives as they relate to deviance

Identify Reactions to Deviance

Well watch Bowling for Columbine next class

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Chapter 6

Deviance & Social Control

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What is Deviance?

Some sociologists use the term deviance to

refer to a violation of norms.

According to sociologist Howard Becker, it is

not the act itself that makes an action deviant,

but rather how society reacts to it.

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Some sociologists believe Deviants are

people who

violate rules

minor infraction (jaywalking)

serious infraction (murder)

Sociologists believe all people are deviants

Because everyone violates rules

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Woman Undressed on Subway

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Spiked hair

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Cat w/ Lamp & Water

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Woman Being Attacked

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Stigma

According to Erving Goffman

Attributes that discredit ones claim to a

normal identity

physical deformities

skin color

A stigma defines a persons master status

It supercedes all other statuses

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Whats the Stigma?

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Whats the Stigma?

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Norms make social life possible

It makes social life predictable

Without norms, social chaos would exist

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Social control

Is a means of enforcing norms

Its necessary for social life

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Whats the Social Control?

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Theories of Deviance

Control theory has 4 factors that are combined to

establish social bond:

attachment

commitment

involvement

belief

Labeling theory - name callingDifferential Association theory group assoc.

Emile Durkheim said deviance was inevitable


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Deviance and Conformity are

reinforced or extinguished through the use of

sanctions

Theres a subculture of violence - a

subcultures tendency to kill as a measure of

their manhood

White collar crime vs Street crime

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Negative sanctions

Happen when theres disapproval of deviance

Can range from frowns & gossip for

breaking folkways

to

Imprisonment and capital punishment for

breaking mores

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Positive sanctions

Happen when theres approval of deviance

From smiles to formal rewards

These are used to reward people forconforming to norms

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How biologists or sociobiologists look at

deviance

They explain deviance by looking within

individuals

Biological explanations focus on genetic

dispositions (chromosomes)

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How psychologists explain deviance

They explain deviance by looking within

individuals

Such as focusing on the mind

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How sociologists explain deviance

They look outside the individual

Such as things that could have influenced the

person

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How would Symbolic Interactionists Explain

Deviance?

We act according to our interpretation of

situations

Deviance is relative

How would you explain this?

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How do Functionalists Explain Deviance?

They point out that deviance is functional for

society - (including criminal acts)

How would you explain this?

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How would Conflict Theorists Explain

Deviance?

Social control represents the interest of the

wealthy and powerful

The wealthy determines the lawsThe laws maintain their power

When members of the working class get out of

line, they are arrested, tried and imprisoned inthe criminal justice system

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Reactions to Deviance

Degradation ceremonies

Imprisonment

Medicalization Thomas Szasz denounced this

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Degradation ceremonies of Deviance

are rituals designed to mark an individual with

the status of an outsider

steps are taken to strip the individual of

his/her identity as a group member

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Imprisonment of Deviance

Is a popular reaction to crime but fails to teachinmates to stay away from crime

The recidivism rate (the proportion ofpeople who are rearrested) in the U.S.

runs as high as 85-90% (see chart p161)There are over 2 million prisoners & jail inmates today.

(see map p155 South Carolina the most dangerous state)

Those given probation do no better

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Medicalization of Deviance

Views deviance as a symptom of some

underlying illness that needs to be treated by

physicians

Being mentally ill can sometimes lead to other

problems like homelessness

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Deviance According to one sociologist

The 3 Minute Sociologist

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9mzbpftczU

Social Deviance http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-

IEGKviw0k&NR=1

Breaking the Norms

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyBB3M4tJjU

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9mzbpftczUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9mzbpftczUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-IEGKviw0k&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-IEGKviw0k&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyBB3M4tJjUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyBB3M4tJjUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyBB3M4tJjUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyBB3M4tJjUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-IEGKviw0k&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-IEGKviw0k&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-IEGKviw0k&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9mzbpftczUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9mzbpftczU


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Be Familiar with:

5 Techniques of Neutralization that people whocommit deviant acts often use:

Denial of Responsibility

Denial of Injury

Denial of Victim

Condemnation of the Condemners

Appeal to Higher Loyalities


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Be familiar with:

Peter principle promoting people to their levelof incompetence (p128)

clique Ex. quarterback & his receivers

Results of Judith Kleinfelds replication ofMilgrams experiment (small world phenomenon)

Purpose of diversity training offered by

companies- increase profitsGeorg Simmel- as groups grow smaller they

become less stable

Ch6 Deviance and Social Control (Bb)

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