CH.18-The Politics of CH.18-The Politics of ProtestProtest

The Counterculture and The Counterculture and Continuing Social Continuing Social

MovementsMovements

Ch 18 Sec 1 Students & Ch 18 Sec 1 Students & The CountercultureThe Counterculture

What was the What was the counterculture counterculture of the 1960’s?of the 1960’s?

What was its impact on What was its impact on art, art, fashion, music and attitudesfashion, music and attitudes??

What was the What was the conservative conservative response or “backlash”response or “backlash” to the to the counterculture?counterculture?

Roots of Opposition-”The Times They are A-Roots of Opposition-”The Times They are A-Changing” Rise of the Youth MovmentChanging” Rise of the Youth Movment

College students became more involved College students became more involved in social protestin social protest

TheThe New Left New Left demanded sweeping demanded sweeping changes in American societychanges in American society

Students for A Democratic Society (SDS)Students for A Democratic Society (SDS) charged that large Corporations and charged that large Corporations and large government institutions had taken large government institutions had taken over the US (They wanted democracy over the US (They wanted democracy and individual freedom) Anti-WARand individual freedom) Anti-WAR

In 1964 In 1964 The Free Speech MovementThe Free Speech Movement grew grew out of a dispute between administrators out of a dispute between administrators and students at Univ. of CA at Berkeleyand students at Univ. of CA at Berkeley

The Counterculture of the The Counterculture of the 1960’s1960’s

CountercultureCounterculture was a movement was a movement made up of mostly made up of mostly white, middle-white, middle-class college young peopleclass college young people who were who were disillusioned with the war and disillusioned with the war and injustices of societyinjustices of society

They turned their backs on They turned their backs on traditional American and founded a traditional American and founded a society based on peace and lovesociety based on peace and love

HippiesHippies

Anti-Materialism, Anti-Materialism, Anti-ConformityAnti-Conformity

Technology was Technology was emptyempty

Harvard Psychology Harvard Psychology and counterculture and counterculture philosopher philosopher Dr. Dr. Timothy LearyTimothy Leary urged urged the youth to “Tune the youth to “Tune in, Turn On, Drop in, Turn On, Drop Out!”Out!”

Many left home, Many left home, work, and school to work, and school to create an ideal create an ideal community of peace community of peace love and harmonylove and harmony

Hippie CultureHippie Culture The Age of AquariusThe Age of Aquarius Rock ’n’ Roll Music (Classic)Rock ’n’ Roll Music (Classic) Sexual Revolution (Free Love)Sexual Revolution (Free Love) Marijuana and LSD Marijuana and LSD ( Illegal Drugs)( Illegal Drugs) Eastern Religions (Zen Buddhism)Eastern Religions (Zen Buddhism) Ragged Jeans, Tie-dye shirts, Ragged Jeans, Tie-dye shirts,

military garments, love beads and military garments, love beads and muslin shirtsmuslin shirts

Long hair and beardsLong hair and beards Many joined communesMany joined communes Haight-Asbury Haight-Asbury District of SFDistrict of SF

Art of the 1960’sArt of the 1960’s Pop-Art by Andy Pop-Art by Andy

WarholWarhol

                                                                                                              

Music of the 1960’sMusic of the 1960’s The music was a form of protest that The music was a form of protest that

grew out of African-American rhythm grew out of African-American rhythm and blues of the 1950’s (Folk and Rock)and blues of the 1950’s (Folk and Rock)

The BeatlesThe Beatles, , The Doors, Jimi HendrixThe Doors, Jimi Hendrix, , Janis Joplin, Jefferson Airplane, the Janis Joplin, Jefferson Airplane, the Grateful Dead, the Who, Bob Dylan, Grateful Dead, the Who, Bob Dylan, Joan Baez and the Rolling StonesJoan Baez and the Rolling Stones

In 1969 the appex of the In 1969 the appex of the counterculture was the music festival counterculture was the music festival WoodstockWoodstock

The 1970 Concert at The 1970 Concert at AltamontAltamont Speedway was a disaster and ended Speedway was a disaster and ended the era of peace and lovethe era of peace and love

Ch 18 Sec 2 Women Fight for Ch 18 Sec 2 Women Fight for Equality-The Feminist Movment Equality-The Feminist Movment

What factors led to the What factors led to the women’s women’s movementmovement of the 1960’s? of the 1960’s?

What were some early gains and What were some early gains and some losses within the women’s some losses within the women’s movement?movement?

What was the legacy of the What was the legacy of the women’s movement in women’s movement in employment, education, and employment, education, and politicspolitics??

Women Fight for Women Fight for EqualityEquality In 1920 the 19In 1920 the 19thth Amendment was Amendment was

passed giving women the right to vote passed giving women the right to vote (Women’s Suffrage)(Women’s Suffrage)

In the 1960’s In the 1960’s Feminism was the belief Feminism was the belief that women should have economic, that women should have economic, political, and social equality with menpolitical, and social equality with men

In 1963 In 1963 Betty Friedan’sBetty Friedan’s Feminine Feminine Mystique Mystique identified the “problem that identified the “problem that has no name” Women were not happy has no name” Women were not happy in the 1950’s (Men’s work v Women’s in the 1950’s (Men’s work v Women’s work)work)

In the 1960’s women were forced into In the 1960’s women were forced into clerical work, retail, social work, clerical work, retail, social work, nursing, and teachingnursing, and teaching

Women’s Activism of the Women’s Activism of the 1960’s1960’s

Women were members of SNCC and SDS, Women were members of SNCC and SDS, and active in the civil rights movementand active in the civil rights movement

In 1966 28 women including Friedan In 1966 28 women including Friedan founded the founded the National Organization for National Organization for Women (NOW)Women (NOW)

NOW fought against gender bias in NOW fought against gender bias in hiring and in the workplace and pushed hiring and in the workplace and pushed for child-care facilitiesfor child-care facilities

In 1968 the New York Radical Women In 1968 the New York Radical Women protested the Miss America Pageant in protested the Miss America Pageant in ACAC

““Women’s Garbage” into “Freedom’s Women’s Garbage” into “Freedom’s Trashcan”Trashcan”

In 1969, a In 1969, a journalist and journalist and political activist political activist Gloria SteinemGloria Steinem joined the feminist joined the feminist movementmovement

She founded the She founded the National Women’s National Women’s Party CaucusParty Caucus

In 1972 she In 1972 she founded and wrote founded and wrote for for Ms.Ms. (Women’s (Women’s Magazine) Magazine)

The Equal Rights Amendment The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)(ERA) Congress passed the Congress passed the ERAERA in 1972, it in 1972, it

was first introduced in 1923 (Men and was first introduced in 1923 (Men and Women same rights and protections)Women same rights and protections)

38 states needed to ratify it to make it 38 states needed to ratify it to make it part of the Constitution ( 35 received)part of the Constitution ( 35 received)

A A Stop-ERAStop-ERA campaign was launched by campaign was launched by conservative religious groups, and conservative religious groups, and anti-feminists led by anti-feminists led by Phyllis SchlaflyPhyllis Schlafly

Radical Feminist “hate men, marriage, Radical Feminist “hate men, marriage, and children”and children”

Fears of women being drafted, no Fears of women being drafted, no husband responsibility, and possible husband responsibility, and possible same-sex marriagessame-sex marriages

Roe V WadeRoe V Wade Feminist groups supported a Feminist groups supported a

woman’s right to chose to have an woman’s right to chose to have an abortion abortion

In 1973 the Supreme Court ruled in In 1973 the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the feministsfavor of the feminists

Extremely ControversialExtremely Controversial Pro-Choice v Pro-LifePro-Choice v Pro-Life

Equality in EducationEquality in Education In 1972 Congress passed The In 1972 Congress passed The

Educational AmendmentsEducational Amendments Title IX Title IX – prohibited federally – prohibited federally

funded schools from funded schools from disciminating against women in disciminating against women in nearly all aspects of school nearly all aspects of school operations from admissions to operations from admissions to athleticsathletics

Ch 18 Sec 3 Latino Ch 18 Sec 3 Latino Americans OrganizeAmericans Organize

How did the population of How did the population of Latinos Latinos grow in the US during in grow in the US during in the 1960’s?the 1960’s?

How did How did LatinosLatinos fight for Civil fight for Civil Rights?Rights?

Who was Cesar Chavez?Who was Cesar Chavez? What tactics were used in the What tactics were used in the

Latino Civil Rights Movement?Latino Civil Rights Movement?

Latinos of Varied OriginsLatinos of Varied Origins Mexican Americans – 1miilion came in Mexican Americans – 1miilion came in

1910’s following the Mexican 1910’s following the Mexican Revolution, some came in the 1940’s Revolution, some came in the 1940’s and 1950’s as and 1950’s as braceros,braceros, and 1 million and 1 million came in the 60’scame in the 60’s

Puerto RicansPuerto Ricans began immigrating after began immigrating after the Spanish American War of 1898, and the Spanish American War of 1898, and by 1960’s 1miilion in the US (1/2 NYC)by 1960’s 1miilion in the US (1/2 NYC)

Cubans fled CastroCubans fled Castro after 1959 and large after 1959 and large communities formed in NYC, Miami, NJcommunities formed in NYC, Miami, NJ

During the 1960’s thousand of Central During the 1960’s thousand of Central and South American emigratedand South American emigrated

Most Latinos lived in Most Latinos lived in barrios barrios

Latinos Fight For ChangeLatinos Fight For Change In 1966 In 1966 Cesar ChavezCesar Chavez and and Dolores Dolores

HuertaHuerta merged their new unions to form merged their new unions to form the the United Farm Workers Organizing United Farm Workers Organizing CommitteeCommittee

Chavez believed in non-violenceChavez believed in non-violence in in dealing with California’s large fruit and dealing with California’s large fruit and vegetable companies (Ex. Boycotts/Fast)vegetable companies (Ex. Boycotts/Fast)

In the 1960’s the Chicano Movement In the 1960’s the Chicano Movement took off, took off, “Brown Power”“Brown Power” and the and the “Brown “Brown Berets”Berets” demanded Spanish speaking demanded Spanish speaking classes and Chicano studies programs at classes and Chicano studies programs at universities (Bilingual ED. Act of 1968)universities (Bilingual ED. Act of 1968)

Latino Political PowerLatino Political Power During the 1960’s eight Hispanic During the 1960’s eight Hispanic

Americans served in the House and Americans served in the House and Joseph was elected to the SenateJoseph was elected to the Senate

In the 1940’s and 1950’s the In the 1940’s and 1950’s the League of League of United Latin American CitizensUnited Latin American Citizens fought fought in the courts for school desegregation in the courts for school desegregation and gov. fundingand gov. funding

In the 1970’s In the 1970’s La Raza UnidaLa Raza Unida ( Mexican ( Mexican Americans United) ran Mexican Americans United) ran Mexican Candidates in many local electionsCandidates in many local elections

In 1963 the more radical In 1963 the more radical Alianza Alianza Federal de MercedesFederal de Mercedes seized a Texas seized a Texas courthousecourthouse