Ch07
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Transcript of Ch07
Presentation Slidesto Accompany
Organizational Behavior 10th EditionDon Hellriegel and John W. Slocum, Jr.
Chapter 7—Managing Individual Stress
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
2
Slide 7.1Learning Objectives for Managing
Individual Stress
Explain the concept of stress and stressors and a
person’s response to stress
Discuss the relationship between personality and stress
State the primary sources of stress in organizations
Describe the effects of stress on health and job
performance
Identify individual and organizational practices for
managing stress
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
3
Slide 7.2The Relationship Between Stressors
and Experienced StressInfluenced by the Person’s:
Perceptions
Past Experiences
Social Support
Individual Differences
Stress Experienced
by the Person
Stressors from the
Environment
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
4
Slide 7.3Behavioral Tendencies of the
Type A Personality
Time urgency
Competitiveness and hostility
Polyphasic behavior
Lack of planning
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
5
Slide 7.4Characteristics of the
Hardy Personality
Feeling a sense of commitment
Responding to each difficulty as a
challenge and an opportunity
Having a sense of control over one’s life
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
6
Slide 7.5Sources of Work Stressors and
Experienced Stress
Workload
Job Conditions
Role Conflict and Ambiguity
Career Development
Interpersonal Relations
Aggressive Behavior
Conflict Between Work and Other Roles
Perceptions
Past Experiences
Social Support
Individual Differences
Stress Experienced by the Employee
Influenced by the Employee’s:Work Stressors
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
7
Slide 7.6Stressors and Work–Family Conflict
Stressors
Dissatisfaction
Frustration
Depression
Work–Family Conflicts
Work and Family Stress on Employee
Work Versus Family
Creates Leads toTriggers Possible
Outcomes
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
8
Slide 7.7Stressful Events for College Students
High Stress Events Moderate Stress Events Low Stress Events
* Death of parent * Academic probation * Change in eating habits
* Change of major
* Death of close friend
* Failing important course
* Finding a new love interest
* Loss of financial aid
* Major injury or illness
* Parents’ divorce
* Serious arguments with romantic partner
* Outstanding achievement
Source: Adapted from Baron, R. A., and Byrne, D. Social Psychology: UnderstandingHuman Interaction, 6th ed. Boston, Allyn & Bacon, 1991, 573.
* Death of spouse
* Divorce
* Flunking out
* Unwed pregnancy
* Change in sleeping habits
* Change in social activities
* Conflict with instructor
* Lower grades than expected
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
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Slide 7.8Effects of Stress
Physiological effects
Increased blood pressure, increased heart rate,
sweating, hot and cold spells, etc.
Emotional effects
Anger, anxiety, depression, lowered self-esteem, etc.
Behavioral effects
Poor performance, absenteeism, high accident rates,
high turnover rates, etc.
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
10
Slide 7.9Health Impacts of Stress
Health problems
Coronary heart disease, back pain, headaches, etc.
Impact on the organization
Increased health insurance costs and lost work days
Over 75% of industrial accidents are rooted in stress
Stress-related workers’ compensation claims
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
11
Slide 7.10Typical Relationship Between
Performance and StressToo Little Stress Optimum Stress Excessive Stress
Low Amount of Stress High
Lev
el o
f
Per
form
ance
Low
(poor)
High
(excellent)
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
12
Slide 7.11Components and Characteristics
of Burnout Components:
State of emotional exhaustion
Depersonalization of individuals
Feelings of low personal accomplishment
Characteristics:
Experiences high stress from work-related stressors
Idealistic and self-motivating achievers
Often seek unattainable goals
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
13
Slide 7.12Individual Stress
Management Initiatives Designed to eliminate or control sources of
stress and improve the person’s ability to cope
A person can manage stress by:
Planning ahead and practicing good time management
Having good personal health management practices
Maintaining a positive perspective
Balancing work life and personal life
Learning a relaxation technique
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
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Slide 7.13Organizational Stress
Management Initiatives
Designed to: Identify and modify or eliminate work stressors
Help employees modify perception of work stress
Help employees cope with the consequences of stress
Organizations can manage stress by: Reducing work stressors
Modifying behaviors
Creating wellness programs
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
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Slide 7.14Organizational Stress Management Initiatives for Reducing Stressors
Improvements in the physical work environment
Job design
Changes in workloads and deadlines
Changes in work schedules, more flexible hours,
and sabbaticals
Increased employee participation
Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
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Slide 7.15Organizational Stress Management Initiatives for Modifying Behaviors
Team building
Career counseling and other employee
assistance programs
Time management workshops
Job burnout workshops
Training in relaxation techniques