Ch01_mod
-
Upload
shanmugapriyavinodkumar -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Ch01_mod
-
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Chapter 1:The Object-Oriented Systems Development EnvironmentObject-Oriented Systems Analysis and DesignJoey F. George, Dinesh Batra, Joseph S. Valacich, Jeffrey A. Hoffer
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Chapter ObjectivesAfter studying this chapter you should be able to:Define information systems analysis and design.Explain the basics about systems.Describe the information systems development cycle (SDC).Describe TPS, MIS, DSS, and ES/EIS.Describe the role of systems analyst.Recount the evolution of system development methodologies.
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007What Is Systems Analysis and Design?The process of developing and maintaining an information systemMain goal improve organizational systems via software to help accomplish business tasks efficiently and easilyRequires knowledge of:Organizations objectives, structure, processesHow to exploit information technology for advantage
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Core ConceptsMajor goal of systems analysis improve organizational systemsDevelopment/acquisition of application softwareOther elements of IS hardware, system software, documentation, training materials, job roles, controls and security, people
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007What Is a System?A group of interrelated procedures used for a business function, with an identifiable boundary, working together for some purpose.
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Characteristics of SystemsComponents irreducable or aggregate parts of a system (also called subsystems)Interrelationships associations and dependencies between components of a systemBoundary divides system from environmentPurpose goal or function of a systemInterfaces points of contact between system and environmentInputs data from environment to systemOutput data from system to environmentConstraints limit to what the system can accomplish
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Important System ConceptsDecomposition breaking down a system into smaller constituentsModularity the result of decomposition; parts of a systemCoupling extent of dependencies between subsystemsCohesion extent to which a subsystem performs a single function
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Transaction Processing System (TPS)Automate the handling of data for business activities or transactions
Goal: improve transaction processing by increasing speed, enhancing productivity, improving efficiency and accuracy
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Management Information System (MIS)Use raw data from TPS systems, and converts them into meaningful aggregate form, resulting in summary reports
Goal: provide the information that helps managers in their jobs
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Decision Support System (DSS)Combine databases, mathematical or graphical models, and interactive user interfaces or dialogues allowing users to manipulate data and models
Include what-if analyses, executive information systems, data warehouses, knowledge management systems
Goal: support decision-making with unstructured and unpredictable problems
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
IS Department Organization Chart1-* Prentice Hall, 2007
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
IS Components1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Chief information officerChief Technology officerOperation groupDevelopment groupOutsourcing relation groupData administration staff
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Characteristics of Sucessful TeamsDiversity of backgrounds, skills, and goalsTolerance of diversity, uncertainty, and ambiguityClear and complete communicationsTrustMutual respect and putting personal interests second to the teamReward structure that promotes shared responsibility and accountability
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007The Role of the Systems AnalystSkills required: analytical, technical, managerial, interpersonal
Fluency in systems thinking
Liaison between users, programmers, and other systems professionals
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Evolution of System Development MethodologiesSDLCSystems Development Life CycleStructured Analysis and DesignUse of Data Flow DiagramsData-Oriented MethodologyUse of Entity Relation DiagramsObject-Oriented MethodologyUse of Unified Modeling Language (UML) DiagramsAgile MethodologiesAdaptive, people-oriented approach
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Systems Planning and SelectionAnalyze and arrange organizations information needs, identify and describe potential project, determine system scope, and provide a business case for continuing with the project
Feasibility analysis: determine economic and organizational impact of the system
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Systems AnalysisThorough study of organizations current system and processes, determination of system requirements, structuring requirements, generate alternative design strategies.Use of UML for system modelingGoal: describe what needs to be done
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Systems DesignTranslating alternative solution generated by analysis phase into detailed logical and physical system specifications.Logical design: not tied to any hardware or software platformPhysical design: specific programming languages, databases, architecturesGoal: identify how the task will be accomplished
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007System Implementation and OperationInformation system is coded, tested, and installed, and undergoes periodic corrections and enhancements
Goal: provide a fully operational system
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Key Differences Between Structured and Object-Oriented Analysis and Design
StructuredObject-OrientedMethodologySDLCIterative/IncrementalFocusProcesssObjectsRiskHighLowReuseLowHighMaturityMature and widespreadEmergingSuitable forWell-defined projects with stable user requirementsRisky large projects with changing user requirements
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007Construction is the hardest part
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007InceptionDefining the scope, determining the feasibility, understanding user requirements, preparing a software development plan
Relatively short, low resource requirements
Focus on planning and analysis
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007ElaborationDetailed user requirements and baseline architecture is established
Fairly long, but not high in resource demand
Focus on analysis and design
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007ConstructionCoding, testing, and documenting code
Longest and most resource-intensive
Focus is on implementation tasks
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007TransitionSystem is deployed and users are trained and supported
Short-term, but resource-intensive
Focus is on installation, training, and support
Prentice Hall, 2007
Chapter 1
1-* Prentice Hall, 2007
Prentice Hall, 2007