8/8/2019 Ch 4 Sec 5 PPT

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ch-4-sec-5-ppt 1/9

Ch 4 Section 5 ² Strong Rulers Unite China

I. Shi Huangdi ± followedLegalist policies; builtstrong, authoritariangovernment of the Qindynastyy A. Unity Imposed

1. Emperor Shi Huangdi

abolished feudalism in China2. He replaced the feudal stateswith military districts ruled bylocal officials

3. He then sent inspectors to spyon the officials

8/8/2019 Ch 4 Sec 5 PPT

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ch-4-sec-5-ppt 2/9

4. He forced noble families to live in his

capital5. Peasants took the former land of the nobilityand had to pay high taxes to support thearmies and building projects

6. He standardized weights, currency, andChinese writing

8/8/2019 Ch 4 Sec 5 PPT

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ch-4-sec-5-ppt 3/9

y B . Crackdown on Dissent1. Shi Huangdi jailed, tortured, andkilled many who opposed his rule2. He imposed book burning andordered the destruction of all words of literature and philosophy (exceptagriculture & medicine)

y C. The Great Wall1. Shi Huangdi ordered joining together of the defensive walls2. Hundreds of thousands of laborers

worked for years and many died3. The wall was almost 25 ft high andwas topped with a brick road4. Eventually it was thousands of miles

in length

8/8/2019 Ch 4 Sec 5 PPT

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ch-4-sec-5-ppt 4/9

y D. Collapse1. When he died in 210 B .C., angry people revolted2. Liu B ang (LEE oo B AHNG) ± an illiterate peasantdefeated rivals armies and founded the Han dynasty

8/8/2019 Ch 4 Sec 5 PPT

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ch-4-sec-5-ppt 5/9

II . The Han DynastyA. Emperor Wudi (7 th Emperor of Han Dynasty)

1. He strengthened the government andeconomy2. He chose Confucian scholars as advisers3. Set-up granaries so that the gov¶t could

buy grain when it was abundant and sell it atstable prices when it was scarce4. Reorganized finances and imposed agov¶t monopoly on iron and salt

a.) sale of iron and salt gave a source of

income other than taxes5. Wudi followed expansionism byincreasing the amount of territory under Chinese rule

8/8/2019 Ch 4 Sec 5 PPT

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ch-4-sec-5-ppt 6/9

y B . Silk Road to the West1. Wudi opened up a trade route (SilkRoad) that linked China and the west for centuries2. Eventually the Silk Road stretched for 4,000 miles

C. Scholar-Officials1. Han emperors made Confucianism theofficial belief system of the state

8/8/2019 Ch 4 Sec 5 PPT

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ch-4-sec-5-ppt 7/9

y D. Civil Service Examination1. Gov¶t officials should win positions by meritrather than family background2. Set up a system of exams3. To pass, candidates studies the Confucianclassics4. Anyone could take the test but only those whocould afford years of study

y E. Collapse of the Han Empire1. Weak emperors let canals and roads fall intodisrepair 2. Many peasants revolted due to heavy taxesand debt

8/8/2019 Ch 4 Sec 5 PPT

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ch-4-sec-5-ppt 8/9

III. Achievements of the HanGolden Age

y A. Science1. Han scientists wrote texts on chemistry,zoology, botany, etc.2. Astronomers improved earlier calendars

and invented better timekeeping3. One scientist inverted a seismograph todetect and measure earthquakes

y B . Medicine

1. Chinese physicians diagnoseddiseases, experimented with herbalremedies2. Explored acupuncture ± insertion of needles under the skin to relieve pain

8/8/2019 Ch 4 Sec 5 PPT

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ch-4-sec-5-ppt 9/9

y C. Technology1. Han China was the mosttechnologically advanced for its time2. Cai Lun ± invented a method of makingpaper out of wood pulp (still used)

y D. The Arts1. Walled cities had temples, palaces, andparks2. Artisans produced delicate jade andivory carvings and ceramic figures3. Lessons for a Woman ± handbook of behavior written by B an Zhaoy A.) Proper behavior for women and men spelled

outy B .) Favored equal education for boys and girlsy C.) Stressed that a woman should be obedient,

respectful,& submissive