Ch. 29.3 The Outer Planets. Consist of the gas giant planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. ...
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Transcript of Ch. 29.3 The Outer Planets. Consist of the gas giant planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. ...
![Page 1: Ch. 29.3 The Outer Planets. Consist of the gas giant planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Pluto is recently demoted, and is no longer considered.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649e015503460f94aea6a9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ch. 29.3 The Outer Planets
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Consist of the gas giant planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
Pluto is recently demoted, and is no longer considered a planet(It’s a dwarf planet).
The gas giants are more massive, but much less dense than the inner planets.
Thick hydrogen / helium atmospheres, with probable dense cores.
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Since they are similar to Jupiter, they are also known as Jovian planets.
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The Gas Giants
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Jupiter 5th planet from the sun. The largest; over twice the mass of all
other planets combined. Orbit period is 12 years. Fastest rotation; once every 9 hours
and 50 minutes. Many moons (63 at last count) and at
least 4 rings. High internal temp. due to intense
pressure (30,000 C).
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Resulting metallic hydrogen creates enormous magnetic field.
Composed of 92% hydrogen and helium (similar to the sun; a failed star?).
No solid surface. Alternating swirling (due to rapid
rotation) colorful bands suggest ammonia, methane, and water vapor.
Great Red Spot is giant rotating storm several hundred years old.
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Jupiter
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The Great Red Spot
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Saturn
6th planet; 2nd largest in the solar system.
Avg. temp. -176 C. Many moons (61 at last count) and a
large, complex ring system. Rapid rotation, once every 10 hours
and 30 minutes. Bands of colored clouds.
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Least dense planet (lower density than water).
Orbit period 29.5 years.
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Saturn
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Uranus
7th planet from the sun; 3rd largest. Discovered in 1781 (1st planet
discovered since ancient times). Almost 3 billion km from the sun. At least 22 moons and 11 small rings. Horizontal rotation, once every 17
hrs. Orbit period 84 years.
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Greenish atmosphere color from methane, with atmosphere mostly hydrogen and helium.
Surface temp. -214 C. Interior may be water and methane
slush. Temp. increases with depth, up to
7000 C in a rock / metal core.
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Uranus
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Neptune
8th planet; 4th largest, but very similar to Uranus in size and mass.
Orbit period 164 years. Rotates once every 16 hours. 11 moons, 4 rings.
Existence predicted before it was discovered, after astronomers noticed variations in Uranus’ expected orbit.
Position was determined mathematically, then it was discovered there in the mid-1800’s.
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4.5 billion km from the sun. Blue-green color, with white clouds of
frozen methane in the upper part of the hydrogen/helium atmosphere.
Strong winds, over 1000 km/hr. An Earth-sized storm, the Great Dark
Spot. Surface temp. -225 C.
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Neptune and its large moon Triton