Chapter 2 Sections 3 & 4

The Constitution and a New Nation

Warm-up

Put the following documents in order from when they were signed or approved.

List the year.• The Constitution• The Article of Confederation• The Declaration of Independence• The Treaty of Paris (to end the

Revolutionary War)

Warm-up

1. The Declaration of IndependenceJuly 4, 1776

2. The Article of ConfederationMarch, 1781

3. The Treaty of Paris (to end the Revolutionary War)September, 1783

4. The ConstitutionJune, 1788

Declaration Basics

• All men are created equal.• Unalienable Rights – cannot be

.• Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness• Includes freedom of speech and religion

• The government governs with the consent of the people.

• The Declaration showed that the English government did not uphold these principles.

Articles of Confederation

• 1st form of government starting at the end of the Revolutionary War.

• Criticized for being .• Need for strong government.• In danger of states falling away into other

alliances and not being prepared for a invasion.

Treaty of Paris

• Signed September 3, 1783• Formally ended the Revolutionary War.• The war unofficially ended with the British

surrender at – 1781.

• Britain recognized the of the United States.

• American representatives were John Adams, Ben Franklin, and John Jay.

Shay’s Rebellion

• 1786• Farmers protest

over state taxes.• Shows the need

for a stronger national government.

Need for Change

• Constitutional Convention• 1787 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Constitutional Compromises

Big Ideas in the Constitution

Big Ideas in the Constitution

Separation of Powers

• Executive Branch• President• Cabinet Secretaries• Federal Agencies

• Legislative Branch• Congress

• House of Representatives• Senate

• Judicial Branch• Supreme Court• Lower Level Courts

Make 3 columns on your sheet!

Writes and Enacts Laws

Appoints Judges…

The head of this branch will preside over a presidential impeachment trial.

Has sole power to declare war…

Ratifies Treaties…

May veto laws…

Determines whether a law is constitutional…

May start investigations, especially against the executive branch…

Makes decrees or declarations (state of emergency)…

Has sole power to interpret the law and apply it to particular disputes…

Operational command of the military…

Enacts Taxes, Authorizes Borrowing, and Sets the Budget…

Polices its own members…

Has the power to grant pardons to convicted criminals…

The Bill of Rights

Finish this sentence:The purpose of the Bill

of Rights is to protect the from the .

Questions

Which came first, the Articles of Confederation or the Constitution?

The Articles of Confederation

What event happened that alerted Americans of the need for a strong national government?

Shay’s Rebellion

What was the great compromise?

A two-house Congress to satisfy both small and big states.

What was the three-fifths compromise?

Three-fifths of the states’ slaves to be counted as part of the population.

What does “checks and balances” mean as it applies to the Constitution?

System to prevent any one branch from dominating the other.

Homework

• Blue Worksheet• Amendments 1-27 Circle the correct

answer• Use pages 96 – 103 for help.• Due tomorrow!!!