Ch 2 Powerpoint - Financial Institutions
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Transcript of Ch 2 Powerpoint - Financial Institutions
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CHAPTER 2
Determination of Interest Rates
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A. Loanable Funds Theory
Determinants of the Demand for Loanable Funds
Household Demand for Loanable Funds inverse relationship between the interest rate and the
quantity of loanable funds demanded.
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A. Loanable Funds Theory
Determinants of the Demand for Loanable Funds Business Demand for Loanable Funds
businesses will demand a greater quantity of loanable funds at lower interest rates
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A. Loanable Funds Theory
Determinants of the Demand for Loanable Funds Government Demand for Loanable Funds
expenditures and tax policies are independent of the level of interest rates or are interest-inelastic
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A. Loanable Funds Theory
Foreign Demand for Loanable Funds Depends on the interest rate differential
between two countries. The greater the differential, the greater the
demand.
The quantity of U.S. loanable funds demanded by foreign governments will be inversely related to U.S. interest rates.
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Exhibit 2.4 Impact of Increased Foreign Interest Rates on the Foreign Demand for U.S. Loanable Funds
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Exhibit 2.5 Determination of the Aggregate Demand Schedule for Loanable Funds
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Exhibit 2.6 Aggregate Supply Schedule for Loanable Funds
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A. Loanable Funds Theory
Determinants of the Supply of Loanable Funds Suppliers more willing to supply at higher
rates U.S. supply is influenced by the Federal
Reserve Tax rates on interest income affect the level of
supply
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A. Loanable Funds Theory
Equilibrium Interest Rates
In equilibrium:
where
DA = the aggregate demand for loanable funds
SA = the aggregate supply for loanable funds
AA SD
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Exhibit 2.7 Interest Rate Equilibrium
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B. Economic Forces that Affect Interest Rates
Impact of Economic Growth on Interest Rates Slowdown in growth:
demand decreases (shifts left) supply schedule may shift but very little
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Exhibit 2.9 Impact of an Economic Slowdown
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Economic Forces that Affect Interest RatesImpact of Economic Growth on Interest Rates Increase in growth:
Puts pressure on interest rates to rise due to increase in the demand schedule
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Exhibit 2.8 Impact of Increased Expansion by Firms
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B. Economic Forces that Affect Interest RatesImpact of Inflation on Interest Rates
– Fisher Effect: the real rate of interest is the difference between the nominal rate and the expected inflation rate.
The greater the expected rate of inflation, the greater the nominal rate of interest.
)(INFEiiR
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Exhibit 2.10 Impact of an Increase in Inflationary Expectations on Interest Rates
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B. Economic Forces that Affect Interest Rates
Impact of the Budget Deficit on Interest Rates
“Crowding-out” Effect: Given a certain amount of loanable
funds supplied to the market, excessive government demand for funds tends to “crowd out” the private demand for
funds.
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B. Economic Forces that Affect Interest Rates
Impact of Foreign Flows of Funds on Interest Rates
In recent years, massive flows of funds have shifted between countries causing abrupt shifts in the supply of loanable funds.
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C. Forecasting Interest Rates
Future Demand for Loanable Funds depends on: Future Foreign demand for U.S. funds Future Household demand for funds Future Business demand for funds Future Government demand for funds
Future Supply of Loanable Funds depends on: Future supply by households and others Future foreign supply of loanable funds in the
U.S.
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Practice Problems
2,3,4,6,7,8, Interpreting Financial News