Ch 2 Classical Particles, Classical Waves, and Quantum Particles EE 315/ECE 451 N ANOELECTRONICS I.
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Transcript of Ch 2 Classical Particles, Classical Waves, and Quantum Particles EE 315/ECE 451 N ANOELECTRONICS I.
![Page 1: Ch 2 Classical Particles, Classical Waves, and Quantum Particles EE 315/ECE 451 N ANOELECTRONICS I.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070404/56649f355503460f94c5383c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ch 2 Classical Particles, Classical Waves, and Quantum Particles
EE 315/ECE 451 NANOELECTRONICS I
![Page 2: Ch 2 Classical Particles, Classical Waves, and Quantum Particles EE 315/ECE 451 N ANOELECTRONICS I.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070404/56649f355503460f94c5383c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2 OUTLINE
2.1 Comparison of Classical and Quantum Systems
2.2 Origins of Quantum Mechanics
2.3 Light as a Wave, Light as a Particle
2.4 Electrons as Particles, Electrons as Waves
2.5 Wavepackets and Uncertainty
8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315
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3 INTRODUCTION
8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315
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4 2.1 COMPARISON OF CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM SYSTEMS
Classical Particles obey Newtonian Mechanics
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8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315
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52.1 COMPARISON OF CLASSICAL
AND QUANTUM SYSTEMS
In classical physics we can determine, with certainty, physical quantities such as force, momentum, position, etc.
In quantum physics many of these quantities become probabilistic.
That means what we once viewed as definite, is only the most likely outcome
There is uncertainty in the measurement of these quantities
8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315
![Page 6: Ch 2 Classical Particles, Classical Waves, and Quantum Particles EE 315/ECE 451 N ANOELECTRONICS I.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070404/56649f355503460f94c5383c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
62.2 ORIGINS OF
QUANTUM MECHANICS
Quantum mechanics arose from experiments in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s that could not be explained by classical physics
Blackbody radiation (UV catastrophe)
Photoelectric Effect
8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315
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72.3 LIGHT AS A WAVE, LIGHT AS A PARTICLE
Originally people assumed light was a particle, such as Newton corpuscles
Eventually Young demonstrated interference proving that light is a wave, much as sound is a wave
8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315
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82.3.2
INTERFERENCE
ikzez )(Plane Waves
Constructive
Destructive
8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315
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9WAVE
INTERFERENCE
8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315
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10LIGHT AS A QUANTUM
PARTICLE
8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315
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11LIGHT AS A QUANTUM
PARTICLE
In fact we see the wave interference pattern even for “slow” light
8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315
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122.4 ELECTRONS AS PARTICLES,
ELECTRONS AS WAVES
Originally everyone assumed electrons were simply small charged particles
From photons deBroglie hypothesized that all particles would behave as waves as well
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8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315
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13DOUBLE SLIT ELECTRON
DIFFRACTION
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142.5 WAVEPACKETS AND
UNCERTAINTY
Schrödinger and Heisenberg developed a system of wave mechanics, known as quantum mechanics (1925 – 1927)
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
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8/8/2015J. N. DENENBERG- FAIRFIELD UNIV. - EE315