Ch. 16.2 Concentrations of Ch. 16.2 Concentrations of SolutionsSolutions

MolarityMolarity

Concentration of a Solution—measure of the Concentration of a Solution—measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent.quantity of solvent.

Dilute solutionDilute solution—one that contains a small —one that contains a small amount of solute.amount of solute.

Concentrated solutionConcentrated solution—one that contains a —one that contains a large amount of solute.large amount of solute.

These terms are only qualitative descriptions These terms are only qualitative descriptions relative to your point of reference.relative to your point of reference.

Concentration expressed quantitatively is Concentration expressed quantitatively is molaritymolarity..MolarityMolarity—the number of moles of solute —the number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution.dissolved in one liter of solution.To calculate the molarity of a solution, To calculate the molarity of a solution, divide the moles of solute by the volume of divide the moles of solute by the volume of the solution.the solution.Molarity(M)= Molarity(M)= moles of solutemoles of solute

liters of solution liters of solution

Percent SolutionsPercent Solutions

Can be expressed as percent by Can be expressed as percent by volume volume or percent by or percent by mass.mass.

Percent by volume(% (v/v)) =Percent by volume(% (v/v)) =

volume of solute / volume of solution x 100volume of solute / volume of solution x 100

Percent by mass (% (m/m)) =Percent by mass (% (m/m)) =

mass of solute / mass of solution x 100 mass of solute / mass of solution x 100