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Latin America TodayLatin America Today

Unit 3 – Chapter 10Unit 3 – Chapter 10

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I. Section II. Section I

Living in Living in

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A. AgricultureA. Agriculture Latifundia and MinifundiaLatifundia and Minifundia

– CampesinosCampesinos – rural farmers and workers – rural farmers and workers– LatifundiaLatifundia – Large agricultural estates owned by – Large agricultural estates owned by

wealthy families or corporationswealthy families or corporations– MinifundiaMinifundia – Small plots of lands farmed by – Small plots of lands farmed by

campesinos to feed their familycampesinos to feed their family Cash Crops & LivestockCash Crops & Livestock

– Cash CropsCash Crops – produced in large quantities to be – produced in large quantities to be sold or tradedsold or traded

Coffee – Brazil, Mexico, ColumbiaCoffee – Brazil, Mexico, Columbia Bananas – Jamaica, Honduras, Ecuador, BrazilBananas – Jamaica, Honduras, Ecuador, Brazil Sugarcane – Brazil, CubaSugarcane – Brazil, Cuba

– Why is relying on a single cash crop dangerous?Why is relying on a single cash crop dangerous?

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B. IndustryB. Industry Industrial growthIndustrial growth

– Developing CountriesDeveloping Countries – working towards more – working towards more industry & technologyindustry & technology

– Service IndustriesService Industries – example: banking, health – example: banking, health care, teachingcare, teaching

Banking has grown rapidly in recent decadesBanking has grown rapidly in recent decades

– What are some things that could hinder What are some things that could hinder industrial growth?industrial growth?

MaquiladorasMaquiladoras– Factories built in Latin American countries by Factories built in Latin American countries by

other countriesother countries Low wage costsLow wage costs Gives locals more job opportunitiesGives locals more job opportunities Many located close to the U.S., in MexicoMany located close to the U.S., in Mexico

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C. Trade & InterdependenceC. Trade & Interdependence NAFTANAFTA

– In 1992, Mexico, the U.S., and Canada In 1992, Mexico, the U.S., and Canada signed the North American Free Trade signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)Agreement (NAFTA) Gradually reduce restrictions and Gradually reduce restrictions and

increased the flow of goods, services, and increased the flow of goods, services, and people among these countriespeople among these countries

Foreign DebtForeign Debt– Many Latin American countries have Many Latin American countries have

borrowed funds from other countries borrowed funds from other countries to build more industryto build more industry Many are having troubles paying the debt Many are having troubles paying the debt

backback

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D. TransportationD. Transportation Rugged terrainRugged terrain

– What physical features in this region would What physical features in this region would make it difficult to build roadsmake it difficult to build roads

Pan-American HighwayPan-American Highway – Region’s major roadwayRegion’s major roadway– Stretched from northern Mexico to Southern Stretched from northern Mexico to Southern

Chile!Chile!– Links more than a dozen Latin American Links more than a dozen Latin American

capitalscapitals RailwaysRailways AirplanesAirplanes Panama Canal (make sure you read pg. Panama Canal (make sure you read pg.

218-219)218-219)

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E. CommunicationsE. Communications Newspapers, Radio, & TelevisionNewspapers, Radio, & Television

– All may be censored by the All may be censored by the government is there is political unrestgovernment is there is political unrest

– Many people can’t afford phonesMany people can’t afford phones ComputersComputers

– Most people cannot afford oneMost people cannot afford one– In 1998, an average of only 34 out of In 1998, an average of only 34 out of

1,000 Latin Americans owned 1,000 Latin Americans owned computerscomputers

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II. Section II. Section IIII

People and Their People and Their EnvironmentEnvironment

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A. Managing Rain A. Managing Rain ForestsForests DeforestationDeforestation – the clearing or – the clearing or

destruction of forestsdestruction of forests See map on pg. 243See map on pg. 243

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Managing Rain Forests Managing Rain Forests (Cont.)(Cont.) Slash & Burn FarmingSlash & Burn Farming – Trees are cut down – Trees are cut down

and burn to make more room for farmingand burn to make more room for farming– Unhealthy for the landUnhealthy for the land

– After the land has been used for a After the land has been used for a few years, the people often move on few years, the people often move on and clear more landand clear more land

ReforestationReforestation – Planting of new trees to – Planting of new trees to “rebuild” the rainforests“rebuild” the rainforests

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B. Urban EnvironmentsB. Urban Environments Overcrowded citiesOvercrowded cities

– ShantytownsShantytowns – slums – slums– List 5 things that could be caused by List 5 things that could be caused by

overcrowdingovercrowding Building a better lifeBuilding a better life

– What are some things that could be What are some things that could be done to help with a city’s done to help with a city’s overcrowding problems?overcrowding problems?

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C. Regional & C. Regional & International IssuesInternational Issues Disputed BordersDisputed Borders

– Constant wars over borders Constant wars over borders (especially those w/natural (especially those w/natural resources)resources)

Population Growth & MigrationPopulation Growth & Migration– Read this section on pg. 246Read this section on pg. 246

Make sure you read pgs. 248 - Make sure you read pgs. 248 - 249249