Ch. 10 Helping Students Master the Basic FactsVocabularyReasoning Strategies for Addition FactsOne More Than and Two More Than: an addend of one or twoAdding Zero: an addend of zeroUsing 5 as an Anchor: look for fives in the numbers in the problemMake 10: combinations that make tenUp Over 10: use known facts that equal ten and then add the rest of the numbers onto tenDoubles: a number added by itselfNear-Doubles: double the small number and add one or double the larger number and subtract oneReasoning Strategies for Subtraction FactsSubtraction as Think-Addition: use known addition facts to produce the unknown quality or partDown Over 10: use what they know to figure out a related factTake from the 10: When the starting value is more than 10, break it down to 10 plus the number that makes up the starting value. Then subtract the 10 from the second value and add it to the number that makes up the starting value.Reasoning Strategies for Multiplication and Division FactsDoubles: same as doubles in addition (a number added by itself)Fives: all facts with 5 as the first or second factorZeros and Ones: any number multiplied by zero is zero (groups multiplied by zero items) and any number multiplied by 1 is the same number (groups multiplied by 1 item)Nifty Nine: facts with a factor of 9 (several different strategies and patterns)Division Facts: think multiplication and then apply a multiplication reasoning fact as neededTalk, Talk, Talk, Talk, Talk, Talk

Grab a partner.Have on person facing the projector and the other student with their back to the projector.A category will be shown on the projector, which both students can look at.The list of terms will then be revealed so the student who isnt facing the projector can no longer look.The person seeing the terms will then describe them without saying the terms themselves. The person must continue talking until his/her partner has guessed all the terms.Reasoning Strategies for Addition FactsOne More Than Two More Than Adding Zero

Make 10 Using 5 as an Anchor Up Over 10

Doubles Near-Doubles

Reasoning Strategies for Subtraction FactsSubtraction as Think-Addition

Down over 10

Take from the 10Reasoning Strategies for Multiplication and Division FactsDoubles

Fives

Zeros and Ones