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PowerPointLecture Slide Presentationby Patty Bostwick-Taylor,Florence-Darlington Technical College

Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

PART A1

The Human Body:

An Orientation

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*The Human BodyAn Orientation

Anatomy

Study of the structure and shape of the bodyand its parts

Physiology

Study of how the body and its parts work orfunction

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AnatomyLevels of Study

Gross anatomy

Large structures

Easily observable

Figure 14.1

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AnatomyLevels of Study

Microscopic Anatomy

Very smallstructures

Can only be

viewed witha microscope

Figure 14.4cd

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Levels of Structural Organization

Figure 1.1

Smooth muscle cell Molecules

Atoms

Smoothmuscletissue

Epithelialtissue

Smoothmuscletissue

Connectivetissue

Bloodvessel(organ) Cardio-

vascular

system

Cellular levelCells are made up ofmolecules

Tissue levelTissues consist ofsimilar types of cells

Organ levelOrgans are made upof different typesof tissues

Organ system levelOrgan systems consist of differentorgans that work together closely

Organismal levelHuman organismsare made up of manyorgan systems

Chemical levelAtoms combine toform molecules

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Levels of Structural Organization

Figure 1.1, step 1

Molecules

Atoms

Chemical levelAtoms combine toform molecules

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Levels of Structural Organization

Figure 1.1, step 2

Smooth muscle cell Molecules

AtomsCellular levelCells are made up ofmolecules

Chemical levelAtoms combine toform molecules

8/3/2019 Ch. 1 Part A

8/16Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Levels of Structural Organization

Figure 1.1, step 3

Smooth muscle cell Molecules

Atoms

Smoothmuscletissue

Cellular levelCells are made up ofmolecules

Tissue levelTissues consist ofsimilar types of cells

Chemical levelAtoms combine toform molecules

8/3/2019 Ch. 1 Part A

9/16Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Levels of Structural Organization

Figure 1.1, step 4

Smooth muscle cell Molecules

Atoms

Smooth

muscletissue

Epithelialtissue

Smoothmuscletissue

Connectivetissue

Bloodvessel(organ)

Cellular levelCells are made up ofmolecules

Tissue levelTissues consist ofsimilar types of cells

Organ levelOrgans are made upof different typesof tissues

Chemical levelAtoms combine toform molecules

8/3/2019 Ch. 1 Part A

10/16Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Levels of Structural Organization

Figure 1.1, step 5

Smooth muscle cell Molecules

Atoms

Smooth

muscletissue

Epithelialtissue

Smoothmuscletissue

Connectivetissue

Bloodvessel(organ) Cardio-

vascular

system

Cellular levelCells are made up ofmolecules

Tissue levelTissues consist ofsimilar types of cells

Organ levelOrgans are made upof different typesof tissues

Organ system levelOrgan systems consist of differentorgans that work together closely

Chemical levelAtoms combine toform molecules

8/3/2019 Ch. 1 Part A

11/16Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Levels of Structural Organization

Figure 1.1, step 6

Smooth muscle cell Molecules

Atoms

Smooth

muscletissue

Epithelialtissue

Smoothmuscletissue

Connectivetissue

Bloodvessel(organ) Cardio-

vascular

system

Cellular levelCells are made up ofmolecules

Tissue levelTissues consist ofsimilar types of cells

Organ levelOrgans are made upof different typesof tissues

Organ system levelOrgan systems consist of differentorgans that work together closely

Organismal levelHuman organismsare made up of manyorgan systems

Chemical levelAtoms combine toform molecules

8/3/2019 Ch. 1 Part A

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Figure 1.2a

Organ System Overview

Integumentary

Forms the external bodycovering

Protects deeper tissue from

injury Helps regulate body

temperature

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Figure 1.2b

Organ System Overview

Skeletal

Protects and supportsbody organs

Provides muscle

attachment for movement Blood cell

formation

Stores minerals

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Figure 1.2c

Organ System Overview

Muscular

Produces movement

Maintains posture

Produces heat

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Organ System Overview

Nervous

Fast-acting controlsystem

Responds to internal and

external change Activates muscles and

glands

Figure 1.2d

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Organ System Overview

Endocrine

Secreteshormones

Growth

Reproduction

Metabolism

Figure 1.2e