Ch. 01 Intro to A & P
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Transcript of Ch. 01 Intro to A & P
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Chapter 1Introduction to Human Anatomy
and Physiology
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Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy – study of structure/ location
Physiology – study of function
Structure is always related to function
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Levels of Organization
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Levels of Organization
Organelle – mitochondrion, nucleus
Cell – bone building cell (osteoblast)
Tissue – bone (connective tissue)
Organ – thigh bone (femur)
Organ System – skeletal system
Organism - human
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Homeostasis
Body’s maintenance of a stable internal environment
Homeostatic Mechanisms – monitor aspects of the internal environment and corrects any changes
•Receptors - provide information•Control center - tells what a particular value should be•Effectors - causes responses to change internal environment
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Organ Systems
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Organ Systems
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Organ Systems
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Anatomical Terminology
Anatomical Position – body standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at the sides, palms facing forward
Terms of Relative Position• Superior versus Inferior•Anterior versus Posterior•Medial versus Lateral•Ipsilateral versus Contralateral•Proximal versus Distal•Superficial versus Deep
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Body Sections
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Body Cavities
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Body Cavities
Right and left are always reversed in anatomical drawings!
Middle of sternum(heart, trachea, esophagus)
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Serous Membranes
Thoracic Membranes•Visceral pleura•Parietal pleura•Visceral pericardium•Parietal pericardium
Visceral layer – covers (touches) an organParietal layer – lines a cavity or body wall
Abdominopelvic Membranes•Visceral peritoneum•Parietal peritoneum
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Serous Membranes
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Serous Membranes
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Body Regions
These are the words we play Taber says with