CGT International

Centre of GeoTechnologies

University of Siena, Italy

International Projects

��

��

��

University of Siena CGT Centre of GeoTechnology2

Centre of GeoTechnologies

The University Campus

About CGT

Centre of GeoTechnologies (CGT) is a research centre in geological and environmental sciences of the University of Siena, Italy. Main objectives of the centre are:

• to promote the diffusion of innovative scientific knowledge among universities, industries, public and private sectors

• to equip graduated students with comprehensive knowledge and working abilities for their future careers

The premises of CGT consists of a three fl oors building with a large number of laboratories and facilities for teaching and research activities and a modern campus for accommodation of students and

Campus

Beside the three fl oors building for teaching and research activities, there is a large campus in the premises of CGT located in San Giovanni Valdarno for accommodation of around 130 students and staffs.The Campus consists of 27 apartments furnished with kitchen utensils, television, refrigerator, dishwasher and washing machine which are used independently by the students and staffs. There are 2 or 3 twin rooms, a kitchen, a living room, 2 or 3 bathrooms and a veranda in each apartment. Besides free internet access is also available in every apartment. Every six student usually live

in one apartment with 3 twin rooms (6 beds). This arrangement helps to stimulate a good friendship among students, but also encourage them to take responsibilities for their daily matter.Security and logistic assistance to students living in the campus is considered as the top priority of our Centre. The students living in the campus not only access to better study facilities, but also have a chance to live in a multi-cultural community of people who share the same objectives.The campus is not only served to italian students but also the foreign students who are enrolled in any training courses of our centre such as professional courses, Masters and PhD.

staffs.The Centre of GeoTechnologies (CGT) is located in San Giovanni Valdarno, a little Tuscany city in the heart of the Arno rivey valley, between the two cities of Florence and Arezzo and just a stone’s throw far from the Chianti mountain of Pratomagno complex.The premises of CGT is a historical building which was built since 1905. It was a glass production factory belonged to Marconi-Norton company. Nowadays, it has been refurbished in accordance to the Industrial Archaeology guidelines for the use of CGT.With the total area of 13,000 square metres, the premises consists of a three fl oor building with a series of laboratories, lecture rooms and facilities for teaching and research activities and a modern student house for accommodation of students and staffs with a total surface of about 4,100 m².

www.geotechnology.eu 3

The University CampusCentre for GeoTechnologies

GIS technologies, high spatial resolution satellite imagery, GPS (Global Positioning System) together with integrated data gathering in the fi eld and its analysis, are well-known considered as powerful instruments for monitoring and management of environment and natural resources. As result, the application of geotechnologies in planning and decision making activities is globally required and accessibility of governmental bodies, professional organisations and individuals to territorial information, such as numerical topography, urban and territorial planning, etc, is also necessary.Nowadays, many international efforts have been made by many developed countries, international organizations, universities and individuals to solve the problems related environment and natural resources by development and application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). To contribute to these global efforts, we have committed to:

• responding to the needs of international and domestic labour markets and providing highly qualified expertises in environmental and natural resources management for state bodies, public and private sectors. To reach the goal, we enhance the relationship and interaction with industrial sectors, relevant organisations and individuals to design better our research and training objectives

• linking the traditional educational programs of the university (e.g. PhD, Master, degree and professional course) with international and national scientific and development programmes. Our working scope is not only doing research activities in laboratories but also providing consultancy services and professional trainings to external organisations (e.g. state bodies, companies, enterprises, etc.).

Mission

Our mission is to promote research and application in Earth and Environmental Sciences through improving the cooperation and interaction among universities, industries, public and private sectors and to provide graduated students for international and domestic labour markets in the sector of geo-resources management and environmental sciences through research and training in the following topics:

• GIS (Geographic Information System) for management, analysis, storing and displaying spatial data for territorial planning and management

• Geomatics for monitoring, preservation and evaluation of environment and natural resources

• Digital Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing for detection and monitoring of geo- environmental parameters

• Environmental geology and hydrogeology for

− water resources management and evaluation of the human impact on groundwater by using numerical models

− evaluation and monitoring of environmental impact of large-scale construction works and reclamation of polluted sites

• Tri-dimensional Modelling (3D) of geological structures and subsoil for planning of large-scale infrastructural works and excavation sites

• Web-based Technology for distribution of territorial and geo-environmental data


Activities

Education and Training

The CGT provide annual training programmes to international and domestic students in accordance with the guidelines of University of Siena and the demand of labour markets. Annual training programmes are available for domestic and foreign students:

• Undergraduate university degrees• Graduate university degrees• Post-graduate programmes (Masters and PhD)• European certificates• Professional advanced courses

We also meet the needs of working people who are interested in higher training programmes through:

• E-learning • Weekend and evening courses • Intensive short-courses• On demand specific assistance/tutorial activities

Master of Territorial Information Systems and Remote Sensing

The Master aims to train advanced skills for the management of the territory and the environment, integrating the individuals’ skills with the theory, the methods and the application of specifi c techniques in GIS and Remote Sensing.The skills acquired during the course will place the student in the position to undertake further postgraduate study or to answer to the growing demand of employment in industry, governamental or non-governmental organizations.

Master of Environmental Geotechnologies

The Master programme refl ects the great relevance acquired in the last years by the environmental thematic.The program combines both theory and practice to provide all students an interdisciplinary understanding of technical, scientifi c and social science aspects of environmental technology.These themes involve disciplines such as geology, hydrology, statistics, engineering, environmental engineering and chemistry, focusing the attention on the interaction between anthropic activities and the environment.Other important aspect is the knowledge of the european legislation on environmental topic with together with the technical-scientifi c skills, allows to plan and to manage the investments on environment fi elds.

Master of Geotechnologies for Archaeology

The Master aims to develop skills able to integrate humanistic and geotechnological knowledge through the application of innovative methodologies of investigation and interpretation of the archaeological data.The skills acquired during the course will place the student in the position to undertake further postgraduate study, to enter the Cultural Heritage Administration or to move towards the professional world.


Activities

Innovative Research

Research is an essential mission of our centre. All research activities are conducted through projects which contribute to the innovation of applied geo-technologies as well as to stimulate the wide practical application of Geo-informatics in respective scientifi c aspects.With our expertises and experiences, we have implemented a large number of research programmes and consultancy contracts to public and private bodies during the last years. Most of consultancy activities are related to evaluation and monitoring of environment towards planning and management of land use and natural resources.To enhance the quality of our researches as well as to make them more practical applied, we always integrate and link the academic research activities with other external works like consultancy activities and contractual researches.

The current research programmes are in the fi eld of:• Geothematic Survey• Remote Sensing• Digital Photogrammetry• GPS (Global Positioning System)• Geo-thematic database• GIS (Geographic Information System) • Environmental Geology (Remediation of polluted

sites, Geological Risk Assessment, Geology for large infrastructural works)

• Diffusion of geo-thematic data (Web mapping, 3D-Tri Dimensional Modelling)

All such interdisciplinary researches are conducted by our staffs, collaborators and PhD students. All the laboratories are considered as main workstation of our activities where functional facilities, adequate equipment and high skilled staffs are available for processing of environmental related data.

Professional Courses

The Centre for GeoTechnologies (CGT) organises and promotes University level and higher professional training through Technical Experience and Short Professional Courses directed to professionals who would like to broaden their knowledge in topics related to Applied Geology, Environmental Geology, Hydrology and Geo-Informatics.

Those who enrol and participate in at least 75% of the scheduled lectures will receive a certifi cate of attendance, on which the result of a fi nal assessment test may be detailed. This fi nal test is optional.

Furthermore the study days organised by the CGT represent an opportunity for professional scientifi c and technological training. These days deal mainly with themes of applied geology, applied hydrology, civil engineering and environmental engineering. The purpose is to deepen specifi c knowledge of practical relevance and involves teaching by international experts.

These sessions are orientated towards professionals and technicians who work in the public or private sector and would like develop links with people from other sectors and research institutes. Participants will receive a certifi cate of attendance. The programme for the study days will be collated on a CD, a copy of which can be requested from the organising secretary.

Professional Courses

The CGT Ph.D. programme offers three degree options:

• Ph.D. in Earth Sciences - Prehistory. Section: Geotechnologies, University of Siena

• Ph.D. in Sciences and Technologies applied to the Environment - Section: Innovative Technologies for the Management of the Territory, University of Siena

• Ph.D. in Sciences and Technologies for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage - Section: Technologies for the Cultural Heritage, University of Ferrara

Internationale Courses

• Advanced Numerical Modeling of Flow and Transport in Soils And Aquifers

• GIS and Remote Sensing for Coastal Lagoon Management

• Environmental Hydrogeological and Hydrogeochemical Modelling


Activities

Consultancy Services

All consultancy activities are implemented by the CGT according to the regulations and guidelines of University of Siena. This aims to contribute to the development of research and training goals of the Centre.Consultancy activities are carried out in the fi elds of:

• Acquisition of environmental data through integration of traditional field works, remote sensing and aerial photographs interpretation for:

− Geological and geomorphological mapping − Multi-temporal land use/ land cover analysis and mapping − Fracture zone and structural geology mapping − Ornamental stones mapping, etc.

• Building and modelling databases for: − Environmental planning and management − Hydrogeology and vulnerability of water bodies

management − Engineering geology, slopes instability, etc.

• Study and analysis of environmental geology focused on:

− Vulnerability of water bodies − Evaluation and monitoring of environmental impacts of

major engeineering works − Reclamation of polluted sites − Modelling of both flow dynamics and transport of

pollutants via advanced numerical methods − Tri-dimensional hydrological modelling, etc.

• Distribution of territorial and geo-environmental data through:

− 3D modelling − Web-mapping − Traditional map printing

Laboratories

The laboratories are considered as main workstations of our activities where functional facilities, adequate equipment and high skilled staffs are available for research activities.Currently there are ten laboratories equiped in the centre:

• Laboratory for 3D Modelling

• Laboratory for Chemical Analysis of Waters and Soil

• Laboratory for Physical Mechanical Analysis of Soils and Rocks

• Laboratory for Geophysics and Applied Geophysics

• Laboratory for GIS (Geographic Information System)

• Laboratory for Geomatics − Section for Remote Sensing and Digital Photogrammetry − Section for Geological Risk Assessment and Geostatistics

• Laboratory for Hydrogeology

• Laboratory for Geothematic Survey − Section for Stratigraphical Geology and Geopedology − Section for Structural Geology and Geomechanics

• Laboratory for Web Mapping

• Laboratory for Archaeology


International Projects: since 1983 to 2010

Projects CountryStarting DateCompletion Date

Integrated Management of Lagoon activities (IMOLA Projects, Hue city)

Vietnam 2005 - 2009

Cooperation program between the EU Commission and Republic of Uruguay on the sector of semi-precious and ornamental stones: project for territorial planning and environmental safeguard

Uruguay 1997 - 2000

Integrated Development of 30 settlement towns in Mal Mali2007 - in progress

Water village Programme Mali 1983 - 1992

Water village Programme Niger1987 - 1990

Water Village Programme Ciad 2001 - 2003

Geoelectrical investigations in Itigi, Malongwe, Mitundu and Kintinku

Tanzania 2007

Increasing a sustainable access to safe, water and to sanitation services in Kongwa

Tanzania 2007 - 2009

Realization of a small dam in Central Tanzania: an example of direct cooperation between CGT and local users

Tanzania 2005 - 2010

From the past to the present in Ethiopia: an interactive museum for Melka Kunture palaeolithic site

Ethiopia 2006 - 2007

Ain Hofra Lybia 2003

Soil map of Benoue’ basin Cameroun 1985

Soil map for “Tana Beles Project” Ethiopia 1985

Semidetailded and detailed soil maps Mauritania 1984 - 1985

Land use map Rwanda 1987 - 1988


ActivitiesProjects in: GIS & Remote Sensing

Integrated Management of Lagoon activities (IMOLA Projects, Hue city)

Country: Vietnam

Starting Date: 2005 - Completion Date: 2009

Clients: FAO

Project Supervisor: L. Disperati, M.Sarti

Disciplines: − Land administration − Earth observation − Informed governance − Geo-information − Disaster management

Project Summary

The “Imola Project” (Integrated Management of Lagoon Activities) is a FAO (Food and Agricolture Organization) of the United Nations funded jointly by the italian and vietnamese government. Its aim is to improbe the socio-economic conditions of the community of fi sherfolks living in the surroinding of the lagoons of Tam Giang and Hai Cau, which is the largest lagoon system in the Southeast of Asia, near the town of Hue (Vietnam).A special attention is given to assessing the impact of human activities on the ecosystem of the lake, to the strategies for the mitigation of recurrent natural disasters (fl oods, etc.) and for the conservation and the prevention of physiografi c changes of the lagoon (erosion during the fl oods, alteration of the coastline, etc.).An important part of the project is the development of methodologies for real time administration of all informations concerning the lagoon, useful for local policy makers to perform future choice on up - to – date data concerning natural, social and economic aspects of the lagoon.

The Centre of GeoTechnologies was involved in the project as under a Letter of Agreement (LOA) offered by FAO on Geographic Information System (GIS) and the Remote Sensing. The activities under the LOA are:

• Production of the landuse maps• Multitemporal study (1980-2000) of landuse based on satellite imageries • Development of a monitoring system based on satellite detection to highlight in real-time the changes in

landuse• Development of a GIS, for managing the informations relating to the project• Production of thematic maps and realization of the project website • Training of vietnamese students and staff in the field of spatial information systems and remote sensing,

with educational activities in Italy and Vietnam


Cooperation program between the EU Commission and Republic of Uruguay on the sector of semi-precious and ornamental stones: project for territorial planning and environmental safeguard

Projects in: GIS & Remote Sensing

Country: Uruguay


Clients: European Commission

Project Supervisor: L. Disperati, L. Carmignani

Disciplines: − Natural resources − Land administration

− Environmental sciences − Urban and regional planning − Earth observation

Project Summary

This project between European Commission and Republic of Uruguay aimed to develop of the sectors of semiprecious (amethysts) and ornamental stones through the organization and improvement of croos-cutting activities with a territorial planning for the environmental safeguard.In particular:

• Inventory and survey for collecting available data on semiprecious stones (amethysts) and ornamental stones (marbles and granites)

• definition of instruments for the survey of collecting data and information of available documents• seam localization• survey for collecting geological, mining and environmental data

The project produced:

• a map of the deposits and its information through GIS (Geographic Information System)• descriptive files of each deposits• proposals for development of cross-cutting activities, transformation and commercialization of the products

both in domestic and foreign market• proposals concerning environmental legislation


Projects in: Geophysics

Integrated Development of 30 settlement towns in Mali

Water Village Programme

Country: Mali

Starting Date: 2007 - Completion Date: in progress

Clients: European Union – C. Lotti & Ass.

Project Supervisor: C. Rossi

Disciplines: − Water resources − Urban and regional planning

Country: Mali


Clients: Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Development Cooperation Department ; C. Lotti & Ass



Project Summary

The project PACTEA “Programme d’Appui aux Collectivités Territoriales pour l’Eau et l’Assainissement” aimes at development of 30 semi-urban centres in the Circles of Ségou and Mopti through the implementation of:

• new wells exploitable with submerged pumps working through photovoltaic panels

Project Summary

In the framework of this important project funded by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs regarding water supplying in villages belonging to the area of Sahelian, the adjustment of an adequate geophysical methodology for research of discontinuous aquifers has been implemented in the fi rst place that was preceded from the former geological and photo geological study of the main trends of fractures.A following geophysical survey has been carried

out including geo-electrical and magneto-metric analysis of up to 900 locations where is suitable for drilling to install the adequate manual pumps. The villages investigated comprised the prefectures of Kangaba, Kati, Koulikoro, Oulessebougou, Kayes and Yelimanè.The project has also designed the capacity building activity for the local staff through theoretical and practical training courses on geophysics. Under this action four geophysics of the technical staff and two data interpreters have been trained.

• one tank and one small water-pipe with 5-6 fountains placed in the town

• hygienic services connected to the sewerage

For the location of wells in each settlement a geophysical survey was based through a geo-electric study (Vertical Electric Survey - VES) and through the profi le of resistivity with classical techniques of tomography.


Country: Ciad


Clients: European Union – C. Lotti & Ass.




Project Summary

The most comprehensive project aimed at implementing of 1.700 wells for water supply in the villages in the north of Ciad. A geo-physical survey in the zone (under the prefecture of Bokoro and Moyto) was conducted in the fortress belonging to the crystalline basement.For each village the geophysical survey was conducted for the location of wells through geo-electrical researches Vertical Electric Survey (VES)

and resistivity profi le. The studies in the fi eld were conducted by a local team which was directed within the framework of the project.

Water Village Programme

Water village Programme

Country: Niger


Clients: Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Department of Development Cooperation; I.N.C.



Project Summary

The project aimed at implementing 45 wells with submerged pumps, tanks and generators. The project was carried out through a geological, hydro-geological and geo-physical studies for the research and the estimate of the aquifers in the sedimentary superfi cial layer of the ground. The study was executed in the region of Thauoa by acquisition of

hydro-geological data both from bibliography and direct practical evidences.Geophysical research was carried out by Vertical Electrical Survey (VES) to fi nd the most productive depth and to defi ne the stratigraphy of the subsoil.



Geoelectrical investigations in Itigi, Malongwe, Mitundu and Kintinku

Country: Tanzania


Clients: C.PP.S. Water Project

Project Supervisor: T. Colonna

Disciplines: − Geoelectrical survey for water resources

Project Summary

According to the agreement between CPPS Water Project and the Geophysics Laboratory of the Centre of GeoTechnologies (Siena University), the aim of this work was to evaluate the depth, the spreading and the features of the groundwater of Itigi, Malongwe, Mitundu and Kintinku villages areas, as previously suggested by C.PP.S. Water Project.The lack of water is the most important problem of these villages. In Itigi, Malongwe, Mitundu and Kintinku there are some little dispensaries to help local people for sanitary assistance and to give them water through a modest rainwater reserve storage in some cisterns during rainy season. These water reserves are not suffi cient for the necessities of the whole villages.The fi nal purpose of this study is to indicate, where it’s possible, an ideal location for future water drilling, by using the geological, geophysical and hydrogeological data. This type of interpretation supports decrease thedrilling risks and the geological uncertainty, enhances details and decreases the economic risks related to theexplored or investigated layers. In the past periods some water drilling was performed in these areas, but theydidn’t intercept saturated levels even if sometimes 200 metres depth beyond were reached.For every geoelectrical survey were carried out GPS (Global Positioning System) measurements referring to fi xed structure on fi eld. The placement of geoelectrical surveys couldn’t be easy because of a lack of detailed cartography. To help thefuture location on fi eld of the geophysical information of each area, we performed a basic map inside a GIS project. Recognizing the most important fi xed elements and the geographical coordinates in GIS setting, it will be possible confi ne on fi eld a potential area to explore by a drill, minimizing the drilling risk.In every work area we detected evident saturated layers, correlated to effi cient groundwater contained in superfi cial deposits (10-25 meters from the topsoil). These areas were considered as potential drilling zone; even if it is impossible to estimate the productivity of these saturated levels, which depends on the season, we can calculate the drilling risk in the our best zone using the Archie’s law. Thanks to these studies CPPS Water Project in September 2007 realized in Itigi village a well: the water pumped from this well is enough to satisfy the Itigi village needs.


Increasing a sustainable access to safe, water and to sanitation services in Kongwa

Country: Tanzania


Clients: NUFFIC, Center for Environmental Planning and Technology Rwanda

Project Supervisor: P.L. Fantozzi

Disciplines: − Environmental sciences

− Informed governance

− Water resources

Project Summary

The main aim is to increase, in a sustainable way, the access to safe water and basic sanitation for the communities contributing to reduce the poverty. The setting of a already tested technology (phytosanitation) will also contribute to improve the quality of the water available for the people reducing components damaging for the health in the long term, according with the 2002 National Water Policy, which recommends an integrated and participatory approach among planning, development and management of water resources. The action will take place in Tanzania, in the Region of Dodoma, in the Districts of Kongwa and Chamwino (former Dodoma Rural). The action aims at sustainable improvement of Rural Water Supply & Sanitation (RWS&S) services for poor rural population of the area.To support 7 rural communities to access to drinkable water through the realization of 4 new water schemes, the restoration of 3 existing water schemes, establishing 300 sanitation facilities. The action will support the implementation of the Tanzanian Water Policy concerning the role and responsibility of the Water Users Associations and Water User Groups and private sector operators in order to improve the sustainability of the water schemes.The presence of private stakeholders in the management of the Water Schemes will be promoted and their roles formalized to avoid mismanagement of the schemes. The provision of safe and drinkable water to rural population will be achieved also through the introduction of innovative technology for improving the quality ofgroundwater (Phytosanitation Plant). Moreover the project will aim to strengthen the 2 District Water Departments and local communities to plan, develop and manage water supplies and sanitation facilities and services providing training and operative instruments (GIS database) to the Districts offi cers, facilitating a profi table interaction between public and private sector.

Projects in: Hydrogeology


Realization of a small dam in Central Tanzania: an example of direct cooperation between CGT and local users

Country: Tanzania


Clients: FAO

Project Supervisor: P.L. Fantozzi

Disciplines: − Environmental sciences − Land administration − Informed governance − Water resources

Project Summary

The target of the project is the construction of a small dam in the Municipality of Kongwa (Dodoma Region, central Tanzania). This project has been proposed by the local community of the italian missionaries which lives in this area since the Sixties. The work will be used in order to mitigate the rain irregularity that which causes frequently the lost of crops, during the seeding and germination phases.After a preliminary draft of the dam project, the CGT members have supported in the area several mission in order to improve the topographic data, collect meteorological data and geological survey. The topographic data have been collected by several GPS techniques using a laser total station. During this mission many students and teachers working within the CGT staff, have collected samples of rocks and soils analyzed by the geo-technical laboratory of the CGT, to defi ne the properties of soil and rocks of the dam site. Many maps of the interested area has been elaborated, and a fi rst version of a project has been presented in march 2008. After this stage other improvements about the knowledge of the hydrology of the area has been performed anda fi nal version of the dam has been elaborated in the 2009. The dam will be realized using a set of Maccaferri gabions fi lled by boulders, with a central septum of impervious layer realized in geotextiles.The dam will catch 418,000 m3 and will serve more than 2,000 families of local croppers.

Projects in: Hydrogeology


From the past to the present in Ethiopia: an interactive museum for Melka Kunture palaeolithic site

Country: Ethiopia


Clients: European Union

Project Supervisor: R.Salvini - M.C.Salvi

Disciplines: − Geo - Information − Natural resources − Earth Observation

Project Summary

On the basis of the results of archaelogica rewsearches realized during the last fouty years, the main objective of the project has been the musealization, the safeguard and the tourist development of the of Melka Kunture (1.7 - 0.2 Myr b.p.).The Centre of GeoTechnologies was involved in the project responsible for the Geographic InformationSystem (GIS) and the Remote Sensing area.

The executed action has been:

• the creation of a topographic-archaeological map at a nominal scale of 1:10,000 in order to constitute the Geographic Information System (GIS). The maps, delivered to the Ethiopian Archaeological Service, has been utilized to propose Melka Kunture as a UNESCO World Heritage and to conduct territorial analyses for a better understanding of the relations between man and environment in the past. Moreover, the maps represent the background of the Web GIS available on the net at the address http://geoserver.itc.nl/melkakunture/index.asp.

• the application of the photogrammetric techniques to Gombore II OAM (Open Air Museum) and Symbiro sites, composed by palaeo-surfaces aged at 0.8-0.7 Myr b.p., in order to record archaeological data and to carry out intra-site analyses useful to understand the site formation process.

• the organization of the museum in the four buildings of the site (in cooperation with the Oromia Culture and Tourism Commission).

The elaboration of a topographic and archaeological map through a GIS application, finalized to these objectives:

• to obtain an essential tool, delivered to the Ethiopian Archaeological Service, to propose Melka Kunture as a future UNESCO World Heritage, to safeguard the archaeological and natural heritage;

• to conduct territorial analyses for a better understanding of the relations between man and environment in the past;

• to create a topographic base for the realization of a Web GIS, conceived as the structural base for the navigation in the Internet site of Melka Kunture.

Projects in: Archaeology


Country: Lybia


Clients: Sciences of Antiquity Dep., Univ. “G.D’Annunzio” Chieti (Italy).

Project Supervisor: R.Salvini

Disciplines: − Archaeology − Remote Sensing − Photogrammetry

Projects in: Archaeology

Ain Hofra

Project Summary

Remote sensing and terrestyrial digital photogrammetric studies have been applied to the sanctuary of Ain Hofra (Cyrene). The research concerned sites and remains of Roman adge and has been carried out in collaboration with Chieti University.The project aimed at valuing correlations between territorial and palaeo-antrophic elements. For such a work modern and traditional methodologies of analysis have been applied, with the purpose of getting detailed geological and geo-morphological data. The goal was the production of a geological and geomorphological map at the scale of 1:10,000 derived from fi eldwork and from satellite images interpretation. During the fi eldwork, along the new road connecting Shahat (the old Cyrene) to Susah, a lithostratigraphic section has been observed. At the Department of Antiquity of Shahat the following aerial images have been gathered: Photomosaic BW, realized by USA Army, at a nominal scale of 1:25.000, dated July 20 1943, Orthophotomosaic BW, realized by EIRA (IT), at a nominal scale of 1:20.000, year 1965.The scanning of the elements and their geometric correction has allowed the multitemporal comparison with satellite image and the identifi cation of already excavated areas, with researches on going at the time and the location of features and superfi cial structures, or buried, potentially new fi ndings.Moreover, the Ermas Porch of Cyrene Agorà has been object of a photogrammetric relief, and the consequent internal and external imageries orientation allowed the statues stereorestitution and their 3D model creations and analysis.

Final outputs:Geological and geomorphological map at the scale of 1:10,000Multitemporal study of the archaeological areaTri - Dimensional (3D) analysis of Ermas Porch site


Country: Cameroun


Clients: Ifagraria S.p.A.

Project Supervisor: R. Nevini

Disciplines: − Environmental sciences − Hearth observation − Soil Sciences − Natural resources

Soil map of Benoue’ basin

Project Summary

The aim of this work was to provide a soil study of some lands in the north-east of Benoue’ basin, a tributary river of Niger, to sustain the development of agriculture in the area. The work started with a physiographic study using aerial photographs and fi eld survey. The rural practices were only for the subsistence and there was a lack of possibilities to commercialize products in the surrounding villages. Beside atavistic customs which limited the human activities, the lack of stimulation to improve the production was also caused by the rash use of natural resources rapidly leading to their decline. The production of timber and fi rewood caused the exhaustion of woody surface in a short time and the beginning of desertifi cation in a large area. Moreover, during the dry season the practice of burning the savannah to allow the grow of new grass for animal husbandry in the rainy season caused the destroy of superfi cial soil layer might which be eroded by heavy rains.

The study carried out by CGT produced a detailed soil map at scale 1:50.000 for the the pastoral agro-development projects and infrastructure works.

Final output: Soil map at scale 1:50.000

Projects in: Field Geology & Natural Resources


Country: Ethiopia


Clients: Studio Pietrangeli S.p.A. .

Project Supervisor: R.Nevini

Disciplines: − Environmental sciences − Hearth observation − Soil Sciences − Natural resources

Soil map for “Tana Beles Project”

Project Summary

The aim of this work was the study of the soils of one important area in the central part of Ethiopia where many international projects have been developed. Lacking an adequate carthography of the zone, the work started with the study of aerial photographs to defi ne the physiographic characters.Field survey appeared diffi cult for the lack of roads and for the unstable political situation of that period.In the map two main types of soils are distinguished, lateritic soils and vertisoils. Lateritic soils have a very low agronomic potentialities, but suitable for the development of infrastructures as roads, villages or landing areas. Vertisoils, having clayey properties, show agronomic potentialities, though they need attention in the governance of water resources especially concerning irrigation and other agricultural practices.



Country: Mauritania


Clients: Ifagraria S.p.A.


Disciplines: − Environmental sciences

− Soil Sciences

− Natural resources

− Hearth observation

Semidetailded and detailed soil maps

Project Summary

The aim of this work was to provide the understanding of one important alluvial area of Senegal river for sustainable development of agricultural irrigation. The soil study was conducted in two different phases, a semi-detailed survey at scale of 1:20,000 in a large area and then a detailed study at scale of 1:5,000 in the zones with high soil potentialities.

The work started using the aerial photographs for the realization of a physiographic map which supported the fi eld surves and rock samplings. The whole area is covered by alluvial deposits with a typical fl uvial morphology, where small heights, presenting a low topographic profi le, are composed of different soils.

The small height variations, important to delineate the soils, are imperceptible on the terrain while the stereoscopic study of aerial photo allowed their cartographic delimitation. The surveyed soils would present good agronomic potentialities but they have high rates of alkalinity and salinity. Nevertheless, with adequate washes and hydraulic works, these soils can be reclaimed for agricultural practices taking account of the great availability of ground water reserves.

The fi nal outputs were a soil map, a land classifi cation map for irrigation and a land use map.



Country: Rwanda


Clients: Technosynesis S.p.A.


Disciplines: − Environmental sciences − Natural resources − Hearth observation

Land use map

Project Summary

The main aim of this work was to realize a detailed Land Use map of the whole Rwanda: this map constitutedthe base for urban and regional planning. Thanks to the nominal scale of 1:20,000 it allowed to plan theinterventions at large and small scale as well.The map has been fi nalized in one year, by interpreting more than 4,500 aerial photographs and several land surveys.We used 250 topographical sheets as cartographic base map. Since these sheets weren’t obtained by photogrammetric analysis, we transferred the photo interpreted boundaries by means of OMI Stereo Facet plotter. It permitted both a stereoscopic interpretation of details and a reliable stereoscopic delimitation of facets.A detailed land use map was realized. For instance we mapped coffee and the parcels, the main agricultural activities in Rwanda, up to the extension of 400 square meters. This detailed mapping has been considered appropriate for the “Land of a Thousand Hills”, where the complex morphology infl uences the fragmentation of cultivations.We realized also a cartography at a nominal scale of 1:100,000, to update the information by using SPOT imagery and realizing false colour composites: by this updating it was possible to check the enlargement of cultivations and as well forest detriment.


��

� ��

��

��

��

��

� � � � � � � � � � � � �

��

��

��

��

�

� � � � � � � �

��

�

��

� � � � � � � ��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

�

��

� � � � � � � �

��

��

��

The CGT is located in central Italy, just about 50 Km south-est of Florence.

By CarThe CGT is located near the main traffi c arteries of central Italy, the A1 Highway. To reach the CGT please use the highway exit “Valdarno” and then follow the directions “ San Giovanni Valdarno” and “Centro di GeoTecnologie”.

By TrainThe CGT is located at about 300 m from the railway station of S. Giovanni Valdarno and is connected to the station by underpasses.

How to reach us

The railway station of S. Giovanni Valdarno connects with the following routes:

− Roma/Firenze − Firenze/Arezzo-Chiusi − Firenze/Foligno

Direct train connection from Firenze S.M.N. - San Giovanni Valdarno: 29 minutes.Direct train connection from Arezzo - San Giovanni Valdarno: 25 minutes (http://www.trenitalia.com).

By AirplaneYou can reach the CGT from the:

− International Airport of Florence “A.Vespucci” (50 Km) − International Airport of Pisa “G.Galilei” (140 Km)

CGT - Centre of GeoTechnology

University of Siena

Via Vetri Vecchi 3452027 - San Giovanni Valdarno (AR) - Italy

tel +39 055 9119400fax +39 055 9119439mail [email protected] www.geotechnology.eu

CGT International

Documents

Transcript of CGT International