CET VIKASANA PROGRAMME 2013 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY · Molecular biology is the study of molecular...
Transcript of CET VIKASANA PROGRAMME 2013 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY · Molecular biology is the study of molecular...
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CET VIKASANA PROGRAMME – 2013
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
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Molecular biology is the study
of molecular underpinnings of
the process of replication,
transcription and translation
of the genetic material.
Molecular Biology
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DNA
RNA
Protein
Molecular Biology
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DNA Two long strands makes
the shape of a double helix.
two strands run in opposite directions to each other and are therefore anti-parallel.
Chemically, DNA consists of two long polymers of simple units called nucleotides, with backbones made of base, sugars and phosphate groups.
Molecular Biology
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Molecular Biology
RNA is a biologically important type of molecule that consists of a long chain of nucleotide units.
Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate.
Ribonucleic acid
(RNA)
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Molecular Biology
Difference between RNA & DNA
RNA DNA
RNA nucleotides contain ribose sugar
DNA contains deoxyribose
RNA has the base uracil DNA has the base thymine
presence of a hydroxyl group at the 2' position of the ribose sugar.
Lacks of a hydroxyl group at the 2' position of the ribose sugar.
RNA is usually single-stranded
DNA is usually double-stranded
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DNA replication
DNA replication, the basis for biological inheritance, is a fundamental process occurring in all living organisms to copy their DNA.
In the process of "replication" each strand of the original double-stranded DNA molecule serves as template for the reproduction of the complementary strand.
Two identical DNA molecules have been produced from a single double-stranded DNA molecule.
Molecular Biology
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CENTRAL DOGMA OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Molecular Biology
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Genetic code
Molecular Biology
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Double helical model was
proposed by a. Boysen and Jensen
b. Watson and Crick c. Watson and Tatum d. Schleiden and Schwann
Molecular Biology
BIOLOGY
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Molecular Biology
Double helical model was
proposed by
a. Boysen and Jensen
b. Watson and Crick
c. Watson and Tatum
d. Schleiden and Schwann
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BIOLOGY
Who among the following conclusively proved that DNA is the genetic material?
a. O.T Avery. C. Macleod and McCarty b. Meselson and Stahl c. Hargobind Khorana. Holley and
Nirenberg d. Tatum and Lederberg
Molecular Biology
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Who among the following conclusively
proved that DNA is the genetic material?
a. O.T Avery. C. Macleod and McCarty b. Meselson and Stahl c. Hargobind Khorana. Holley and
Nirenberg d. Tatum and Lederberg
Molecular Biology
BIOLOGY
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A nucleotide consists of
a. A nitrogen base and pentose sugar.
b. A nitrogen base and phosphate
c. A Pentose sugar and phosphate
d. A nitrogen base, pentose sugar &
phosphate
Molecular Biology
BIOLOGY
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BIOLOGY A nucleotide consists of a. A nitrogen base and pentose sugar. b. A nitrogen base and phosphate c. A Pentose sugar and phosphate d. A nitrogen base, pentose sugar &
phosphate
Molecular Biology
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Molecular Biology
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Bacterial transformation was
discovered by:
a. Avery et al
b. Watson and Crick
c. Griffith
d. Hershey and Chase
Molecular Biology
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Bacterial transformation was
discovered by:
a. Avery et al
b. Watson and Crick
c. Griffith
d. Hershey and Chase
Molecular Biology
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RNA contains the following sugar: a. Glucose b. Ribose c. Hexose d. Fructose
Molecular Biology
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RNA contains the following sugar: a. Glucose b. Ribose c. Hexose d. Fructose
Molecular Biology
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DNA is a polymer of:
a. Proteins
b. RNA
c. Carbohydrates
d. Nucleotides
Molecular Biology
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DNA is a polymer of:
a. Proteins
b. RNA
c. Carbohydrates
d. Nucleotides
Molecular Biology
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All of the following elements are
present in DNA except:
a. Phosphorous
b. Carbon
c. Sulphur
d. Nitrogen
Molecular Biology
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All of the following elements are
present in DNA except:
a. Phosphorous
b. Carbon
c. Sulphur
d. Nitrogen
Molecular Biology
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The four nitrogenous bases
found in DNA which forms its
language are:
a. UTAC
b. ACTU
c. AGTU
d. ATCG Molecular Biology
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The four nitrogenous bases
found in DNA which forms its
language are:
a. UTAC
b. ACTU
c. AGTU
d. ATCG Molecular Biology
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The base that is not found in
DNA but found in RNA is:
a. Thymine
b. Uracil
c. Adenine
d. Guanine
Molecular Biology
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The base that is not found in
DNA but found in RNA is:
a. Thymine
b. Uracil
c. Adenine
d. Guanine
Molecular Biology
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Which purine is found in RNA? a.Guanine b. Cytosine c. Thymine d. Uracil
Molecular Biology
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Which purine is found in RNA? a.Guanine b. Cytosine c. Thymine d. Uracil
Molecular Biology
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Which sequence has four
pyrimidines ?
a. CATCAATGG
b. UAGCGGUAA
c. TGGATAACG
d. GCUAGACAA
Molecular Biology
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Which sequence has four
pyrimidines ?
a. CATCAATGG
b. UAGCGGUAA
c. TGGATAACG
d. GCUAGACAA
Molecular Biology
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DNA consists of two complimentary
chains of nucleotides. If the sequence
of nucleotides in one chain is
AGCTTCGA, then the sequence in the
other chain is
a.TAGGATAT
b. GATCCTAG
c. TCGAAGCT
d. GCTAAGCT
Molecular Biology
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DNA consists of two complimentary
chains of nucleotides. If the sequence
of nucleotides in one chain is
AGCTTCGA, then the sequence in the
other chain is
a.TAGGATAT
b. GATCCTAG
c. TCGAAGCT
d. GCTAAGCT
Molecular Biology
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Which of the following is made
up of single ring of atoms ?
a. Alanine
b. Adenine
c. Guanine
d. Thymine
Molecular Biology
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Which of the following is made
up of single ring of atoms ?
a. Alanine
b. Adenine
c. Guanine
d. Thymine
Molecular Biology
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The two strands of DNA are:
a. Similar and parallel
b. Similar and antiparallel
c. Complementary and
antiparallel
d. Complementary and parallel
Molecular Biology
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The two strands of DNA are:
a. Similar and parallel
b. Similar and antiparallel
c. Complementary and
antiparallel
d. Complementary and parallel
Molecular Biology
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Molecular Biology
5' C-G-A-T-T-G-C-A-A-C-G-A-T-G-C 3' | | | | | | | | | | | | 3' G-C-T-A-A-C-G-T-T-G-C-T-A-C-G 5'
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DNA acts as a template for:
a. Proteins
b. DNA
c. RNA
d. Both DNA and RNA
Molecular Biology
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DNA acts as a template for:
a. Proteins
b. DNA
c. RNA
d. Both DNA and RNA
Molecular Biology
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Formation of RNA from DNA is
called:
a. Transcription
b. Translation
c. Replication
d. Recombination
Molecular Biology
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Formation of RNA from DNA is
called:
a. Transcription
b. Translation
c. Replication
d. Recombination
Molecular Biology
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TRANSCRIPTION (DNA-RNA) Molecular Biology
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Inheritable gene mutation takes
place in a. Nuclear DNA b. Mitochondrial DNA c. Chloroplast DNA d. All the above
Molecular Biology
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Inheritable gene mutation takes
place in a. Nuclear DNA b. Mitochondrial DNA c. Chloroplast DNA d. All the above
Molecular Biology
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Molecular Biology
mRNA is synthesized on
DNA in which direction:
a. 5' 3'
b. 3' 5'
c. 5' 3' and 3' 5'
d. 3' 5' and 5' 3'
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Molecular Biology
mRNA is synthesized on
DNA in which direction:
a. 5' 3'
b. 3' 5'
c. 5' 3' and 3' 5'
d. 3' 5' and 5' 3'
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Split genes were discovered by a. Watson and Crick b. Lederberg and Tatum c. Jacob and Monad d. Sharp and Roberts
Molecular Biology
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Split genes were discovered by a. Watson and Crick b. Lederberg and Tatum c. Jacob and Monad d. Sharp and Roberts
Molecular Biology
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Molecular Biology
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Molecule into which the coded
information is transcribed is:
a. mRNA
b. tRNA
c. rRNA
d. hnRNA
Molecular Biology
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Molecule into which the coded
information is transcribed is:
a. mRNA
b. tRNA
c. rRNA
d. hnRNA
Molecular Biology
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The two strands of DNA are
held together by _____ bonds:
a. Nitrogen
b. Hydrogen
c. Oxygen
d. Carbon
Molecular Biology
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The two strands of DNA are
held together by _____ bonds:
a. Nitrogen
b. Hydrogen
c. Oxygen
d. Carbon
Molecular Biology
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Hydrogen bonds present between Cytosine and Guanine are: a. 2 b. 3 c. 1 d. 4
Molecular Biology
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Hydrogen bonds present between Cytosine and Guanine are: a. 2 b. 3 c. 1 d. 4
Molecular Biology
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The ratio of purine and pyrimidine
bases in a DNA molecule is always around one. This is known as:
a. Wobble hypothesis b. Teminism c. Chargaff's rule d. Colinearity
Molecular Biology
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The ratio of purine and pyrimidine
bases in a DNA molecule is always around one. This is known as:
a. Wobble hypothesis b. Teminism c. Chargaff's rule d. Colinearity
Molecular Biology
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In a double stranded DNA
molecule, the percentage of Cytosine is 18 what is the percent of Adenine ?
a. 64% b. 32% c. 18% d. 46%
Molecular Biology
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In a double stranded DNA
molecule, the percentage of Cytosine is 18 what is the percent of Adenine ?
a. 64% b. 32% c. 18% d. 46%
Molecular Biology
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A short length of DNA molecule
contains 120 Adenine and 120 Cytosine bases. The total number of nucleotides in this DNA segment is:
a. 60 b. 120 c. 240 d. 480
Molecular Biology
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A short length of DNA molecule
contains 120 Adenine and 120 Cytosine bases. The total number of nucleotides in this DNA segment is:
a. 60 b. 120 c. 240 d. 480
Molecular Biology
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Molecular Biology
The replication of nuclear DNA occurs in: a. G1 - phase b. G2 - phase c. S - phase d. M - phase
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The replication of nuclear DNA occurs in: a. G1 - phase b. G2 - phase c. S - phase d. M - phase
Molecular Biology
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Molecular Biology
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The process of multiplication
of DNA from DNA is known as:
a. Replication
b. Mutation
c. Transcription
d. Translation
Molecular Biology
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The process of multiplication
of DNA from DNA is known as:
a. Replication
b. Mutation
c. Transcription
d. Translation
Molecular Biology
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REPLICATION Molecular Biology
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The term triplet code
and genetic code were
proposed by:
a. Watson and Crick
b. Nirenberg
c. Gamow
d. Friederich Meischer Molecular Biology
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The term triplet code
and genetic code were
proposed by:
a. Watson and Crick
b. Nirenberg
c. Gamow
d. Friederich Meischer Molecular Biology
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Match the nucleotide triplets given in column 1 and their common names listed in column 2, choose the answer with correct combination of alphabets of the 2 columns
Molecular Biology
Column 1(stop codon) Column 2 (function)
A UAA UAG UGA p Amber codon
B UAA q Initiatior codon
C UAG r Ochre codon
D AUG s Terminator codon
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Match the nucleotide triplets given in column 1 and their common names listed in column 2, choose the answer with correct combination of alphabets of the 2 columns
Molecular Biology
Column1(stop codon) Column2(function)
A UAA,UAG,UGA p Amber codon
B UAA q Initiator codon
C UAG r Ochre codon
D AUG s Terminator codon
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Information flow or
central dogma of
molecular biology is:
a. RNA Proteins DNA
b. Proteins DNA RNA
c. RNA DNA Proteins
d. DNA RNA Proteins
Molecular Biology
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Molecular Biology
Information flow or
central dogma of
molecular biology is:
a. RNA Proteins DNA
b. Proteins DNA RNA
c. RNA DNA Proteins
d. DNA RNA Proteins
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Molecular Biology
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Removal of introns and
joining the exons in a defined order
in a transcription unit is called:
a. Tailing
b. Transformation
c. Capping
d. Splicing
Molecular Biology
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Removal of introns and
joining the exons in a defined order
in a transcription unit is called:
a. Tailing
b. Transformation
c. Capping
d. Splicing
Molecular Biology
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Number of punctuation
codons are:
a. 4
b. 2
c. 1
d. 5
Molecular Biology
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Number of punctuation
codons are:
a. 4
b. 2
c. 1
d. 5
Molecular Biology
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Genetic code is degenerate
because: a. codons have same energy level b.Each codon has a different
meaning c. Each codon has many meanings d. Many codons have same
meaning
Molecular Biology
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Genetic code is degenerate
because: a. codons have same energy level b.Each codon has a different
meaning c. Each codon has many meanings d. Many codons have same
meaning
Molecular Biology
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DNA polymerase takes part in:
a. Transcription
b. Splicing
c. Replication
d. Teminism
Molecular Biology
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DNA polymerase takes part in:
a. Transcription
b. Splicing
c. Replication
d. Teminism
Molecular Biology
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The genes that keep changing
their location on chromosomes
are:
a. Jumping genes
b. Split genes
c. Duplicate genes
d. Pleiotropic genes Molecular Biology
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The genes that keep changing
their location on chromosomes
are:
a. Jumping genes
b. Split genes
c. Duplicate genes
d. Pleiotropic genes Molecular Biology
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Number of base pairs in
each turn of ZDNA helix is:
a. 10
b. 11
c. 12
d. 15
Molecular Biology
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Number of base pairs in
each turn of ZDNA helix is:
a. 10
b. 11
c. 12
d. 15
Molecular Biology
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Continuous DNA synthesis occurs
during replication in: a. The leading strand b. The lagging strand c. The strands where Okazaki
fragments are formed d. Both leading and lagging
strands
Molecular Biology
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Continuous DNA synthesis occurs
during replication in: a. The leading strand b. The lagging strand c. The strands where Okazaki
fragments are formed d. Both leading and lagging
strands
Molecular Biology
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Eukaryotic mRNA has:
a. G cap nucleotide
b. Poly A tail
c. Both G cap and poly A tail
d. Saturated fats
Molecular Biology
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Eukaryotic mRNA has:
a. G cap nucleotide
b. Poly A tail
c. Both G cap and poly A tail
d. Saturated fats
Molecular Biology
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Teminism is:
a. Translation
b. Transcription
c. Reverse transcription
d. Transduction
Molecular Biology
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Teminism is:
a. Translation
b. Transcription
c. Reverse transcription
d. Transduction
Molecular Biology
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Central dogma in protein
synthesis of teminious
organisms is:
a. gRNA DNA mRNA Proteins
b. DNA DNA mRNA Proteins
c. mRNA gRNA DNA Proteins
d. DNA gRNA mRNA Proteins
Molecular Biology
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Molecular Biology
Central dogma in protein
synthesis of teminious
organisms is:
a. gRNA DNA mRNA Proteins
b. DNA DNA mRNA Proteins
c. mRNA gRNA DNA Proteins
d. DNA gRNA mRNA Proteins
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The segment of DNA which
participates in crossing
over is:
a. Muton
b. Recon
c. Cistron
d. Replicon Molecular Biology
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The segment of DNA which
participates in crossing
over is:
a. Muton
b. Recon
c. Cistron
d. Replicon Molecular Biology
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What is true about ori ?
a. One in all organisms
b. Several in all organisms
c.One in eukaryotes and several
in prokaryotes
d.One in prokaryotes and several
in eukaryotes Molecular Biology
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What is true about ori ?
a. One in all organisms
b. Several in all organisms
c.One in eukaryotes and several
in prokaryotes
d.One in prokaryotes and several
in eukaryotes Molecular Biology
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Codogen is triplet of:
a. Template strand of DNA
b. Non-template strand of DNA
c. mRNA
d. tRNA
Molecular Biology
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Codogen is triplet of:
a. Template strand of DNA
b. Non-template strand of DNA
c. mRNA
d. tRNA
Molecular Biology
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Anticodons occur in:
a. tRNA
b. mRNA
c. mtDNA
d. rRNA
Molecular Biology
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Anticodons occur in:
a. tRNA
b. mRNA
c. mtDNA
d. rRNA
Molecular Biology
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Molecular Biology
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Exons and Introns are
present in:
a. Prokaryotic mRNA
b. Eukaryotic mRNA
c. The Lac operon
d. Mt RNA
Molecular Biology
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Exons and Introns are
present in:
a. Prokaryotic mRNA
b. Eukaryotic mRNA
c. The Lac operon
d. Mt RNA
Molecular Biology
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Okazaki fragments give rise
to:
a. Master strand
b. Sense strand
c. Lagging strand
d. Leading strand
Molecular Biology
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Okazaki fragments give rise
to:
a. Master strand
b. Sense strand
c. Lagging strand
d. Leading strand
Molecular Biology
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Which RNA is called
soluble RNA:
a. tRNA
b. mRNA
c. rRNA
d. snRNA
Molecular Biology
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Which RNA is called soluble RNA: a. tRNA b. mRNA c. rRNA d. snRNA
Molecular Biology
BIOLOGY
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Sequence of structural genes in lac operon concept is: a. Lac Y, Lac Z and Lac A b. Lac Z, Lac Y, Lac A c. Lac A, Lac Y, Lac Z d. Lac A, Lac Z, Lac Y
Molecular Biology
BIOLOGY
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Sequence of structural genes in lac operon concept is: a. Lac Y, Lac Z and Lac A b. Lac Z, Lac Y, Lac A c. Lac A, Lac Y, Lac Z d. Lac A, Lac Z, Lac Y
Molecular Biology
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The operator gene of Lac operon is turned on when inducer molecule binds to: a. Promoter site b. Operator gene c. mRNA d. Repressor
Molecular Biology
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The operator gene of Lac operon is turned on when inducer molecule binds to: a. Promoter site b. Operator gene c. mRNA d. Repressor
Molecular Biology
BIOLOGY