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Welcometo
Ph.D. Research ProposalPresentation
N. SRIDHARResearch Scholar
Dept. of Geography & Geo-InformaticsUniversity college of Science
Osmania UniversityHYDERABAD - 500007
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Application
of
Remote Sensing and GISin
Urban Microclimates A case study of Greater
H derabad
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Application of Remote Sensing and
GIS in Urban Microclimates- A case study of Greater
Hyderabad.
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Remote Sensing Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about
an object or phenomenon, without making physical
contact with the object
Active Remote Sensing : Camera without flash
Passive Remote Sensing : camera with flash
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Geographical Information System (GIS)
A system of hardware, software, and procedures designed
to support the capture, management, manipulation,
analysis, modeling, and display of spatially reference data
for solving complex planning and management problems
A computer system capable of assembling, storing,
manipulation, and displaying geographically referenceinformation.
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Definition
A microclimate is a local zone where theclimate differ from the surroundingarea.
Physical state of the atmosphere close to avery small area of the earth's surface
Urban microclimates are discrete regions inthe urban canopy layer (UCL) whereradiative and weather variable hold to aconsistent pattern
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Variable influences
Solar intensity, Levels of pollution, Vegetation
cover, Wind flow direction and speed, soil type
and Season.
Construction material used in buildings and
other urban landscapes features
Air and surface temperature in urban
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Effect ofbuilding material
Building materials generally have lower albedo, where
brick, concrete absorb the suns energy, heat up, and
reradiate that heat to the ambient air the resulting urban
heat island is a kind of microclimate
Buildings are taller than the most natural vegetation and
they obstruct the air flow and produces lower average
wind speeds
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Effect of Internal energy by Human activity
Many human activities generates internal
energy as a waste by product
e.g.
Power Plants
Industrials process
Transport use
Air- conditioned use
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Application of Remote Sensing
In remote sensing, Thermal infrared (TIR) sensors can obtain
quantitative information of surface temperature across the Land
use / Land cover categories.
Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) - 4km
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) - 1 km
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 1 km
Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer
(ASTER) - 90 m
Landsat-7 - 90m
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Applications of GIS
Buffering- creates the buffer zone
Overlay-combines geometric and attributes from
different layers
Distance measurement- two features
Spatial Statistics -detect spatial dependence and
patterns of concentration among features.
Map manipulation - manage and alter layers in a data
base.
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Need of the study
Hyderabad city is a dominant center of economy,policy, society and culture and more than five millionpopulations already live in.
The concentration of activities provides a the high
density of buildings and transport use consumesenergy and generates air and noise pollution
These buildings together use onethird of all theenergy consumed in the state, and two-third of all
electricity.
Transform of vegetation to impervious land
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Study area
Hyderabad is located in central Telangana and is
spread over an area of 260 square km.
The city lies at 17.36' N latitude and 78.47' Elongitude.
The city lies in the Deccan Plateau and rises to anaverage height of 536 m above the sea level.
April 2007 onwards Hyderabad becomes GreaterHyderabad Municipal Corporation.
City is divided in to five zones ( North, South, Central,East, West ) and 18 circles
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SATELLITE IMAGE
OF
STUDY AREA
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Climate
During the summer months, the mercury goes as high as
42C while in winters the minimum temperature maycome down to as low as 12C
More than 75 per cent of the rainfall is received during the
south-west monsoon season, i.e., from June toSeptember
Humidity during the monsoon season is very highexceeding 75% from July to September
According to India Meteorological Department, thesummer months of April & May of 2009 recorded thewarmest temperatures since 1901
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Objectives of the study
To examine the Spatio-temporal variations in temperature ,rainfall
and other climatic factors
Investigate the mechanism underlying different microclimates in the
Hyderabad
Identify the both man-made and natural causes for urbanmicroclimates formation
Identification of urban heat island and its impact
To asses the impact of green cover on microclimates
To co-relate urban land use and microclimate
Spatio temporal analysis of microclimates in Hyderabad
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Hypothesis to be tested
Urban Heat Island is associated with CBDand Industrial area
Urban forestry is associated with vegetationcool Island
Microclimates conditions vary depending onseason, weather, and time of day
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Methodology
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Un Supervised classification
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Supervised Classification
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FINAL OUTPUT IN ARC GIS
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FINAL OUTPUT IN ARC GIS
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Bibliography1. Alka Gadgil, 2003 Development of Urban Climatology ,Deccan Geographyer , Vol .41, No .1
June,pp 73-88
2). Anupma Prakash.,2000 Thermal Remote sensing : Concepts, Issues and applicationsInternational Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote sensing vol XXXIII, part B1 Amsterdam
3). Benedicte Dousset, Francoise Gourmelon.,2001 Remote sensing application to the analysis ofurban microclimates IEEE/ISPRS joint work shop on remote sensing data fusion over urbanareas
4). Georgi N.J ,K.Zafiradis., 2006 The impact of park tress on microclimate in the urban area,Spring scince and Business Media , LCC 2006
5). Javed Mallick ,Yogesh Kant and B.D Bharath.,2008 : Estimation of land surface temparaureover delhi using Land sat -7 ETM+ , J.Ind.Geophy.Union Vol .12 No.3 pp 131-140
6). Kang-Tsung Chang., 2003: Introduction to Geographic Information Systems, 2nd edition,McGraw-Hill Higher Education
7). Lillesand, Kiefer, Chipman., 2008 : Remote sensing and Image interpretation5th edition, Wiley Publisher.
8). Qihao Weng., 2009: Thermal infrared remote sensing for urban climate and environmentalstudies : Methods, applications , and trends , IEEE paper .
9). Simos Yannas., 2004: Adaptive Skins and microclimates - 21st conference on Passive and Lowenergy engery architecture Eindhoven,The Netherlands, 19-12 sep 2004
10). Terry J.Williamson and Evyatar Erell .,2001: Thermal Perforamnce simulation and the urbanmicroclimate : Measurements and predictions Seventh Internationl IBPSA conference , Rio de
janerio, Brazil , August 13-15,2001
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Thank you