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Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway: An Updated Report American Society of Anesthesiologists Bibliography in Alphabetical Order 1. Abramson SI, Holmes AA, Hagberg CA: Awake insertion of the Bonfils Retromolar Intubation Fiberscope™ in five patients with anticipated difficult airways. Anesth Analg 2008; 106:1215-1217 2. Acalovschi I, Miclescu A, Bugov L: The effects of propofol on laryngeal reactivity and the haemodynamic response to laryngeal mask insertion. Eur J Anaesth 1995; 12:351-356 3. Agrawal S, Sharma JP, Jindal P, Sharma UC, Rajan M: Airway management in prone position with an intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway. J Clin Anesth 2007; 19:293-295 4. Agro F, Brimacombe J, Brain AI, Marchionni L, Cataldo R: The intubating laryngeal mask for maxillo-facial trauma. Eur J Anaesth 1999; 16:263-264 5. Agro F, Brimacombe J, Carassiti M, Marchionni L, Cataldo R: The intubating laryngeal mask. Clinical appraisal of ventilation and blind tracheal intubation in 110 patients. Anaesthesia 1998; 53:1084-1090 6. Agro F, Brimacombe J, Carassiti M, Morelli A, Giampalmo M, Cataldo R: Use of a lighted stylet for intubation via the laryngeal mask airway. Can J Anaesth 1998; 45:556-560 7. Agro F, Brimacombe J, Verghese C, Carassiti M, Cataldo R: Laryngeal mask airway and incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux in paralysed patients undergoing ventilation for elective orthopaedic surgery. Br J Anaesth 1998; 81:537-539 8. Agrò F, Totonelli A, Gherardi S: Planned lightwand intubation in a patient with a known difficult airway. Can J Anaesth 2004; 51:1051-1052 9. Ahmad NS, Yentis SM: Laryngeal mask airway and lingual nerve injury. Anaesthesia 1996: 51:707-708 10. Ainsworth QP, Howell TH: Transilluminated tracheal intubation. Br J Anaesth 1989; 62:494-497

Transcript of Central Venous Access Bibliography · Web viewBeilin B, Yardeni IZ, Smolyarenko V, Zeidel A, Ram E,...

Page 1: Central Venous Access Bibliography · Web viewBeilin B, Yardeni IZ, Smolyarenko V, Zeidel A, Ram E, Mayburd E: Comparison of the Flexiblade levering laryngoscope with the English

Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway: An Updated Report

American Society of Anesthesiologists

Bibliography in Alphabetical Order

1. Abramson SI, Holmes AA, Hagberg CA: Awake insertion of the Bonfils Retromolar Intubation Fiberscope™ in five patients with anticipated difficult airways. Anesth Analg 2008; 106:1215-1217

2. Acalovschi I, Miclescu A, Bugov L: The effects of propofol on laryngeal reactivity and the haemodynamic response to laryngeal mask insertion. Eur J Anaesth 1995; 12:351-356

3. Agrawal S, Sharma JP, Jindal P, Sharma UC, Rajan M: Airway management in prone position with an intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway. J Clin Anesth 2007; 19:293-295

4. Agro F, Brimacombe J, Brain AI, Marchionni L, Cataldo R: The intubating laryngeal mask for maxillo-facial trauma. Eur J Anaesth 1999; 16:263-264

5. Agro F, Brimacombe J, Carassiti M, Marchionni L, Cataldo R: The intubating laryngeal mask. Clinical appraisal of ventilation and blind tracheal intubation in 110 patients. Anaesthesia 1998; 53:1084-1090

6. Agro F, Brimacombe J, Carassiti M, Morelli A, Giampalmo M, Cataldo R: Use of a lighted stylet for intubation via the laryngeal mask airway. Can J Anaesth 1998; 45:556-560

7. Agro F, Brimacombe J, Verghese C, Carassiti M, Cataldo R: Laryngeal mask airway and incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux in paralysed patients undergoing ventilation for elective orthopaedic surgery. Br J Anaesth 1998; 81:537-539

8. Agrò F, Totonelli A, Gherardi S: Planned lightwand intubation in a patient with a known difficult airway. Can J Anaesth 2004; 51:1051-1052

9. Ahmad NS, Yentis SM: Laryngeal mask airway and lingual nerve injury. Anaesthesia 1996: 51:707-708

10. Ainsworth QP, Howell TH: Transilluminated tracheal intubation. Br J Anaesth 1989; 62:494-497

11. Akhtar TM, McMurray P, Kerr WJ, Kenny GN: A comparison of laryngeal mask airway with tracheal tube for intraocular opthalmic surgery. Anaesthesia 1992; 47:668-671

12. Akhtar TM, Street MK: Risk of aspiration with the laryngeal mask. Br J Anaesth 1994; 72:447-450

13. Alexander R, Hodgson P, Lomax D, Bullen C: A comparison of the laryngeal mask airway and Guedel airway, bag and facemask for manual ventilation following formal training. Anaesthesia 1993; 48:231-234

14. Alexander R, Swales H, Pickford A, Smith GB: The laryngeal mask airway: safe in the x-ray department? Anaesthesia 1993; 48:734

15. Allen JG, Flower EA: The Brain laryngeal mask. An alternative to difficult intubation. Br Dent J 1990; 68:202-204,

16. Altermatt FR, Muñoz HR, Delfino AE, Cortínez LI: Pre-oxygenation in the obese patient: effects of position on tolerance to apnoea. Br J Anaesth 2005; 95:706-709

17. Amar D, Brodman LE, Winikoff SA, Hollinger I: An alternative oxygen delivery system for infants and children in the post-anaesthesia care unit. Can J Anaesth 1991; 38:49-53

18. Aoi Y, Kamiya Y, Shioda M, Furuya R, Yamada Y: Pre-anesthetic evaluation can play a crucial role in the determination of airway management in a child with oropharyngeal tumor. J Anesth 2006; 20:215-219

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19. Aoyama K, Nagaoka E, Takenaka I, Kadoya T: The McCoy laryngoscope expands the laryngeal aperture in patients with difficult intubation. Anesthesiology 2000; 92:1855-1856

20. Aoyama K, Yasunaga E, Takenaka I, Kadoya T, Sata T, Shigematsu A: Positive pressure ventilation during fibreoptic intubation: comparison of the laryngeal mask airway, intubating laryngeal mask and endoscopy mask techniques. Br J Anaesth 2002; 88:246-254

21. Arino JJ, Velasco JM, Gasco C, Lopez-Timoneda F: Straight blades improve visualization of the larynx while curved blades increase ease of intubation: a comparison of the Macintosh, Miller, McCoy, Belscope and Lee-Fiberview blades. Can J Anaesth 2003; 50:501-506

22. Aro L, Takki S, Aromaa U: Technique for difficult intubation. Br J Anaesth 1971; 43:1081-1083

23. Artru AA, Schultz AB, Bonneu JJ: Modification of an Eschmann introducer to permit measurement of end-tidal carbon dioxide. Anesth Analg 1989; 68:129-131

24. Asai T, Barclay K, McBeth C, Vaughan RS: Cricoid pressure applied after placement of the laryngeal mask prevents gastric insufflation but inhibits ventilation. Br J Anaesth 1996; 76:772-776

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26. Asai T, Enomoto Y, Shimizu K, Shinguu K, Okuda Y: The Pentax video-laryngoscope: the first experience in one hundred patients. Anesth Analg 2008; 106:257-259

27. Asai T, Fujise K, Uchida M: Use of the laryngeal mask in a child with tracheal stenosis. Anesthesiology 1991; 75:903-904

28. Asai T, Goy RW, Liu EH: Cricoid pressure prevents placement of the laryngeal tube and laryngeal tube-suction II. Br J Anaesth 2007; 99:282-285

29. Asai T, Hirose T, Shingu K: Failed tracheal intubation using a laryngoscope and intubating laryngeal mask. Can J Anesth 2000; 47:325-328

30. Asai T, Liu EH, Matsumoto S, Hirabayashi Y, Seo N, Suzuki A, Toi T, Yasumoto K, Okuda Y: Use of the Pentax-AWS in 293 patients with difficult airways. Anesthesiology 2009; 110:898-904

31. Asai T, Marfin AG, Thompson J, Popat M, Shingu K: Ease of insertion of the laryngeal tube during manual-in-line neck stabilisation. Anaesthesia 2004; 59:1163-1166

32. Asai T, Matsumoto H, Shingu K: Awake tracheal intubation through the intubating laryngeal mask. Can J Anesth 1999; 46:182-184

33. Asai T, Matsumoto S, Shingu K: Use of the McCoy laryngoscope or fingers to facilitate fibrescope-aided tracheal intubation. Anaesthesia 1998; 53:903-909

34. Asai T, Murao K, Shingu K: Efficacy of the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway during manual in-line stabilisation of the neck. Anaesthesia 2002; 57:918-920

35. Asai T, Murao K, Tsutsumi T, Shingu K: Ease of tracheal intubation through the intubating laryngeal mask during manual in-line head and neck stabilisation. Anaesthesia 2000; 55:82-85

36. Asai T, Nagata A, Shingu K: Awake tracheal intubation through the laryngeal mask in neonates with upper airway obstruction. Paediatr Anaesth 2008; 18:77-80

37. Asai T, Shingu K: Tracheal intubation through the intubating laryngeal mask in a patient with a fixed flexed neck and deviated larynx. Anaesthesia 1998; 53:1199-1208

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38. Asai T, Shingu K: Tracheal intubation through the intubating laryngeal mask in patients with unstable necks. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2001; 45:818-822

39. Asai T: Intubating laryngeal mask airway after failed insertion of a Classic laryngeal mask. Anaesthesia 2006; 61:303

40. Asai T: Pentax-AWS videolaryngoscope for awake nasal intubation in patients with unstable necks. Br J Anaesth 2010; 104:108-111

41. Asai T: Use of the laryngeal mask for tracheal intubation in patients at increased risk of aspiration of gastric contents. Anesthesiology 1992; 77:1029-1030

42. Augoustides JG, Groff BE, Mann DG, Johansson JS: Difficult airway management after carotid endarterectomy: utility and limitations of the laryngeal mask airway. J Clin Anesth 2007; 19:218-221

43. Avidan MS, Harvey A, Chitkara N, Ponte J: The intubating laryngeal mask airway compared with direct laryngoscopy. Br J Anaesth 1999; 83:615-617

44. Ayhan H, Iyigun E, Tastan S, Orhan ME, Ozturk E: Comparison of two different oxygen delivery methods in the early postoperative period: randomized trial. J Adv Nurs 2009; 65:1237-1247

45. Aziz MF, Dillman D, Fu R, Brambrink AM: Comparative effectiveness of the C-MAC video laryngoscope versus direct laryngoscopy in the setting of the predicted difficult airway. Anesthesiology 2012; 116:629-636

46. Aziz MF, Healy D, Kheterpal S, Fu RF, Dillman D, Brambrink AM: Routine clinical practice effectiveness of the GlideScope in difficult airway management: an analysis of 2,004 GlideScope intubations, complications, and failures from two institutions. Anesthesiology 2011; 114:34-41

47. Azizkhan RG, Dudgeon DL, Buck JR, Colombani PM, Yaster M, Nichols D, Civin C, Kramer SS, Haller JAJ: Life-threatening airway obstruction as a complication to the management of mediastinal masses in children. J Pediatr Surg 1985; 20:816-822

48. Bahk JH, Han SM, Kim SD. Management of difficult airways with a laryngeal mask airway under propofol anaesthesia. Paediatr Anaesth 1999; 9:163-166

49. Bailie R, Barnett MB, Fraser JF: The Brain laryngeal mask. A comparative study with the nasal mask in paediatric dental outpatient anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1991; 46:358-360

50. Baillard C, Fosse JP, Sebbane M, Chanques G, Vincent F, Courouble P, Cohen Y, Eledjam JJ, Adnet F, Jaber S: Noninvasive ventilation improves preoxygenation before intubation of hypoxic patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174:171-177

51. Baines D, Keneally J: Anaesthetic implications of the mucopolysaccharidoses: a fifteen-year experience in a children's hospital. Anaesth Intens Care 1983; 11:198-202

52. Baird MB, Major AH, Goodwin APL: Removal of the laryngeal mask airway: factors affecting the incidence of post-operative adverse respiratory events in 300 patients. Eur J Anaesth 1999; 16:251-256

53. Baraka A, Muallem M, Sibai AN: Facilitation of difficult tracheal intubation by the fiberoptic Bullard laryngoscope. Middle East J Anesthesiol 1991; 11:73-77

54. Baraka A: Laryngeal mask airway in the cannot-intubate, cannot-ventilate situation. Anesthesiology 1993; 79:1151-1152

55. Baraka AS, Taha SK, Aouad MT, El-Khatib M, Kawkabani NI: Preoxygenation: Comparison of maximal breathing and tidal volume breathing techniques. Anesthesiology 1999; 91:612-616

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56. Baraka AS, Taha SK, Siddik-Sayyid SM, Kanazi GE, El-Khatib MF, Dagher CM, Chehade JM, Abdallah FW, Hajj RE: Supplementation of pre-oxygenation in morbidly obese patients using nasopharyngeal oxygen insufflation. Anaesthesia 2007; 62:769-773

57. Barker P, Langton JA, Murphy PJ, Rowbotham DJ: Regurgitation of gastric contents during general anaesthesia using the laryngeal mask airway. Br J Anaesth 1992; 69:314-315

58. Baskett PJF, Parr MJA, Nolan JP: The intubating laryngeal mask. Results of a multicentre trial with experience of 500 cases. Anaesthesia 1998; 53:1174-1179

59. Beilin B, Yardeni IZ, Smolyarenko V, Zeidel A, Ram E, Mayburd E: Comparison of the Flexiblade levering laryngoscope with the English Macintosh laryngoscope in patients with a poor laryngoscopic view. Anaesthesia 2005; 60:400-405

60. Bein B, Carstensen S, Gleim M, Claus L, Tonner PH, Steinfath M, Scholz J, Dörges V: A comparison of the proseal laryngeal mask airway, the laryngeal tube S and the oesophageal-tracheal combitube during routine surgical procedures. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2005; 22:341-346

61. Bein B, Worthmann F, Scholz J, Brinkmann F, Tonner PH, Steinfath M, Dörges V: A comparison of the intubating laryngeal mask airway and the Bonfils intubation fibrescope in patients with predicted difficult airways. Anaesthesia 2004; 59:668-674

62. Bellhouse CP, Dor'e C: Criteria for estimating likelihood of difficulty of endotracheal intubation with the Macintosh laryngoscope. Anaesth Intens Care 1988; 16:329-337

63. Bellhouse CP: An angulated laryngoscope for routine and difficult tracheal intubation. Anesthesiology 1988; 69:126-129

64. Berns SD: Oral intubation using a lighted stylet vs direct laryngoscopy in older children with cervical immobilization. Acad Emerg Med 1996; 3:34-40

65. Berry A, Brimacombe J, Keller C, Verghese C: Pulmonary airway resistance with the endotracheal tube versus laryngeal mask airway in paralyzed anesthetized adult patients. Anesthesiology 1999; 90:395-397

66. Berthelsen P, Prytz S, Jacobsen E: Two-stage fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation in infants: a new approach to difficult pediatric intubation. Anesthesiology 1985; 63:457-458

67. Berthoud M, Read DH, Norman J: Pre-oxygenation: how long? Anaesthesia 1983; 38:96-102

68. Berthoud MC, Peacock JE, Reilly CS: Effectiveness of preoxygenation in morbidly obese patients. Br J Anaesth 1991; 67:464-466

69. Beveridge ME: Laryngeal mask anaesthesia for repair of cleft palate. Anaesthesia 1989; 44:656-657

70. Bhatnagar S, Mishra S, Jha RR, Singhal AK, Bhatnagar N: The LMA Fastrach facilitates fibreoptic intubation in oral cancer patients. Can J Anaesth 2005; 52:641-645

71. Bilehjani E, Fakhari S: Hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy in ischemic heart disease: Macintosh blade versus Glidescope videolaryngoscope. Rawal Med J 2009; 34: 151-154

72. Bilgin H, Bozkurt M: Tracheal intubation using the ILMA, C-Trach™ or McCoy laryngoscope in patients with simulated cervical spine injury. Anaesthesia 2006; 61:685-691

73. Bittar D: Respiratory obstruction associated with induction of general anesthesia in a patient with mediastinal Hodgkin's disease. Anesth Analg 1975; 54:399-403

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74. Blanco G, Melman E, Cuairan V, Moyao D, Ortiz-Monasterio F: Fibreoptic nasal intubation in children with anticipated and unanticipated difficult intubation. Paediatr Anaesth 2001; 11:49-53

75. Boisson-Bertrand D, Hannhart B, Rousselot JM, Duvivier C, Quilici N, Peslin R: Comparative effects of laryngeal mask and tracheal tube on total respiratory resistance in anaesthetised patients. Anaesthesia 1994; 49:846-849

76. Borland LM, Casselbrant M: The Bullard laryngoscope. A new indirect oral laryngoscope (pediatric version). Anesth Analg 1990; 70:105-108

77. Bouaggad A, Nejmi SE, Bouderka MA, Abbassi O: Prediction of difficult intubation in thyroid surgery. Anesth Analg 2004; 99:603-606

78. Bourke DL, Biehl J: The laryngotracheal topical anesthesia kit with capnography for difficult endotracheal intubation. Anesth Analg 1999; 88:943-945

79. Bozeman WP, Hexter D, Liang HK, Kelen GD: Esophageal detector device versus detection of end-tidal carbon dioxide level in emergency intubation. Ann Emerg Med 1996; 27:595-599

80. Brain AI, McGhee TD, McAteer EJ, Thomas A, Abu Saad MA, Bushman JA: The laryngeal mask airway. Development and preliminary trials of a new type of airway. Anaesthesia 1985; 40:356-361

81. Brain AI: The laryngeal mask--a new concept in airway management. Br J Anaesth 1983; 55:801-805

82. Brain AI: Three cases of difficult intubation overcome by the laryngeal mask airway. Anaesthesia 1985; 40:353-355

83. Brain AIJ, Verghese C, Addy EV, Kapila A, Brimacombe J: The intubating laryngeal mask. II: a preliminary clinical report of a new means of intubating the trachea. Br J Anaesth 1997; 79:704-709

84. Brain AIJ, Verghese C, Strube PJ: The LMA "ProSeal" - a laryngeal mask with an oesophageal vent. Br J Anaesth 2000; 84:650-654

85. Branthwaite MA: An unexpected complication of the intubating laryngeal mask. Anaesthesia 1999; 54:166-171

86. Brar MS: Airway management in a bleeding adult following tonsillectomy: a case report. AANA J 2009; 77:428-430

87. Braude N, Clements EA, Hodges UM, Andrews BP: The pressor response and laryngral mask insertion: a comparison with tracheal intubation. Anaesthesia 1989; 44:551-554

88. Brechner VL: Unusual problems in the management of airways: flexion-extension mobility of the cervical vertebrae. Anesth Analg 1968 47:362-373

89. Brimacombe J, Berry A: Laryngeal mask airway cuff pressure and position during anaesthesia lasting one to two hours. Can J Anaesth 1994; 41:589-593

90. Brimacombe J, Keller C, Fullekrug B, Agro F, Rosenblatt W, Dierdorf SF, Garcia de Lucas E, Capdevilla X, Brimacombe N: A multicenter study comparing the ProSeal and classic laryngeal mask airway in anesthetized, nonparalyzed patients. Anesthesiology 2002; 96:289-295

91. Brimacombe J, Keller C: Awake fibreoptic-guided insertion of the ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway. Anaesthesia 2002; 57:719

92. Brimacombe J, Keller C: The ProSeal laryngeal mask airway: A randomized, crossover study with the standard laryngeal mask airway in paralyzed, anesthetized patients. Anesthesiology 2000, 93:104-109

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93. Brimacombe J, Newell S, Bergin A, McCarthy J, Barry J: The laryngeal mask for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Anesth Analg 2000, 91:635-636

94. Brimacombe J, Sher M, Laing D, Berry A: The laryngeal mask airway: a new technique for fiberoptic guided vocal cord biopsy. J Clin Anesth 1996; 8:273-275

95. Brimacombe J, Tucker P, Simons S: The laryngeal mask airway for awake diagnostic bronchoscopy: a retrospective study of 200 consecutive patients. Eur J Anaesth 1995; 12:357-361

96. Brimacombe J: Analysis of 1500 laryngeal mask users by one anaesthetist in adults undergoing routine anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1996; 51:76-80

97. Brimacombe J: Difficult airway management with the intubating laryngeal mask. Anesth Analg 1997; 85:1173-1175

98. Brimacombe JR, Brimacombe JC, Berry AM, Morris R, Mecklem D, Clarke G, Barry J, Kirk T: A comparison of the laryngeal mask airway and cuffed oropharyngeal airway in anesthetized adult patients. Anesth Analg 1998; 87:147-152

99. Brimacombe JR: Positive pressure ventilation with the size 5 laryngeal mask. J Clin Anesth 1997; 9:113-117

100. Brock-Utne JG, Downing JW, Seedat F: Laryngeal oedema associated with pre-eclampic toxaemia. Anaesthesia 1977; 32:556-558

101. Brodrick PM, Webster NR, Nunn JF: The laryngeal mask airway. A study of 100 patients during spontaneous breathing. Anaesthesia 1989; 44:238-241

102. Brodsky JB, Lemmens HJ, Brock-Utne JG, Vierra M, Saidman LJ: Morbid obesity and tracheal intubation. Anesth Analg 2002; 95:732-736

103. Brull SJ, Wiklund R, Ferris C, Connelly NR, Ehrenwerth J, Silverman DG: Facilitation of fiberoptic orotracheal intubation with a flexible tracheal tube. Anesth Analg 1994; 78:746-748

104. Bryson TK, Benumof JL, Ward CF: The esophageal obturator airway: a clinical comparison to ventilation with a mask and oropharyngeal airway. Chest 1978; 74:537-539

105. Buckland RW, Pedley J. Lingual thyroid--a threat to the airway. Anaesthesia 2000, 55:1103-1105

106. Bucx MJ, Snijders CJ, van der Vegt MH, Holstein JD, Stijnen T: Reshaping the Macintosh blade using biomechanical modelling. a prospective comparative study in patients. Anaesthesia 1997; 52:662-667

107. Burgoyne L, Cyna A: Laryngeal mask vs intubating laryngeal mask: insertion and ventilation by inexperienced resuscitators. Anaesth Intensive Care 2001; 29:604-608

108. Butler PJ, Dhara SS: Prediction of difficult laryngoscopy: an assessment of the thyromental distance and the Mallampati predictive tests. Anaesth Intens Care 1992; 20:139-142

109. Butler PJ, Mujnro HM, Kenny MB: Preoxygenation in children using expired oxygraphy. Br J anaesth 1996; 77:333-334

110. Calder I, Ordman AJ, Jackowski A, Crockard HA: The Brain laryngeal mask airway: an alternative to emergency tracheal intubation. Anaesthesia 1990; 45:137-139

111. Campbell JR: The laryngeal mask: cautionary tales. Anaesthesia 1990; 45:167-168112. Canet J, Ricos M, Vidal F: Early postoperative arterial oxygen desaturation. Determining

factors and response to oxygen therapy. Anesth Analg 1989; 69:207-212113. Capistrano Baruh E, Wenig B, Steinberg L, Stegnjajic A, Baruh S: Laryngeal web: a cause

of difficult endotracheal intubation. Anesthesiology 1982; 57:123-125

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114. Carr RJ, Belany KG: Clinical assessment of the Augustine guide for endotracheal intubation. Anesth Analg 1994; 78:983-987

115. Carron M, Freo U, Ori C: Sensory nerve damage after the use of the LMA supreme. Anesthesiology 2010; 112:1055

116. Casati A, Fanelli G, Torri G: Physiological dead space/tidal volume ratio during face mask, laryngeal mask, and cuffed oropharyngeal airway spontaneous ventilation. J Clin Anesth 1998; 10:652-655

117. Casey ED, Donelly M, McCaul CL: Severe retropharyngeal abscess after the use of a reinforced laryngeal mask with a Bosworth introducer. Anesthesiology 2009; 110:943-945

118. Castresana MR, Stefansson S, Cancel AR, Hague KJ: Use of the laryngeal mask airway during thoracotomy in a pediatric patient with Cri-du-Chat syndrome. Anesth Analg 1994; 78:810

119. Cattano D, Panicucci E, Paolicchi A, Forfori F, Giunta F, Hagberg C: Risk factors assessment of the difficult airway: an Italian survey of 1956 patients. Anesth Analg 2004; 99:1771-1779

120. Cavus E, Kieckhaefer J, Doerges V, Moeller T, Thee C, Wagner K: The C-MAC videolaryngoscope: first experiences with a new device for videolaryngoscopy-guided intubation. Anesth Analg 2010; 110:473-477

121. Cavus E, Neumann T, Doerges V, Moeller T, Scharf E, Wagner K, Bein B, Serocki G: First clinical evaluation of the C-MAC D-Blade videolaryngoscope during routine and difficult intubation. Anesth Analg 2011; 112:382-385

122. Cavus E, Thee C, Moeller T, Kieckhaefer J, Doerges V, Wagner K: A randomised, controlled crossover comparison of the C-MAC videolaryngoscope with direct laryngoscopy in 150 patients during routine induction of anaesthesia. BMC Anesthesiology 2011; 11:6

123. Chadd GD, Ackers JWL, Bailey PM: Difficult intubation aided by the laryngeal mask airway. Anaesthesia 1989; 44:1015

124. Chadwick I, Vohra A: Anesthesia for emergency caesarean section using the Brain laryngeal mask airway. Anaesth 1989; 44:261-262

125. Chan CS: Anaesthetic management during repair of tracheo-oesophageal fistula. Anaesthesia 1984; 39:158-160

126. Chan TV, Grillone G: Vocal cord paralysis after laryngeal mask airway ventilation. Laryngoscope 2005; 115:1436-1439

127. Chan WE, Kong CF, Kong CS, Hwang NC, Ip-Yam PC: The intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA): initial experience in Singapore. Br J Anaesth 1998; 81:610-611

128. Chen PT, Chang WK, Hsu WH, Sung CS, Chan KH, Tsai SK: Anesthetic management of a patient undergoing segmental resection of trachea with an endotracheal neurofibroma and nearly total occlusion of trachea. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan 2004; 42:233-236

129. Cheng KI, Chang MC, Lai TW, Shen YC, Lu DV, Lai ST, Chen CH: A modified lightwand-guided nasotracheal intubation technique for oromaxillofacial surgical patients. J Clin Anesth 2009; 21:258-263

130. Cheng KI, Chu KS, Chau SW, Ying SL, Hsu HT, Chang YL, Tang CS: Lightwand-assisted intubation of patients in the lateral decubitus position. Anesth Analg 2004; 99:279-283

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131. Cheng KI, Tang CS, Tsai EM, Wu CH, Lee JN. Correlation of arterial and end-tidal carbon dioxide in spontaneously breathing patients during ambulatory gynecologic laparoscopy. J Formos Med Assoc 1999; 98:814-819

132. Cheung RW, Irwin MG, Law BC, Chan CK: A clinical comparison of the Flexiblade™ and Macintosh laryngoscopes for laryngeal exposure in anesthetized adults. Anesth Analg 2006; 102:626-630

133. Chhibber AK, Kolano JW, Roberts WA: Relationship between end-tidal and arterial carbon-dioxide with laryngeal mask airway and endotracheal tubes in children. Anesth Analg 1996; 82:247-250

134. Chiron B, Mas C, Ferrandière M, Bonnard C, Fusciardi J, Mercier C, Laffon M: Standard preoxygenation vs two techniques in children. Paediatr Anaesth 2007; 17:963-967

135. Chisholm DG, Calder I: Experience with the McCoy laryngoscope in difficult laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia 1997; 52:906-908

136. Choi GS, Lee EH, Lim CS, Yoon SW: A comparative study on the usefulness of the Glidescope or Macintosh laryngoscope when intubating normal airways. Korean J Anesthesiol 2011; 60: 339–343

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